Завдання до тексту 10

1. Виберіть з правої колонки відповідний переклад.

1. to intensify 2. hothouse 3. yield 4. to harvest 5. winter cultivation 6. beet-root 7. cucumber

1. врожай 2. прискорювати 3. збирати врожай 4. буряк 5. вирощувати взимку 6. огірок 7. теплиця

2. Заповніть пропуски відповідними за значенням словами: winter, achievement, spring, reticular, put, hangs, many.

1. In … hot and cold frames are mainly used.

2. Even in … hothouses provide us with vegetables.

3. The latest … in hothouse vegetable-growing is aeroponics.

4. The greenhouse contains … racks to which … bags are attached.

5. The seedlings are … into these bags.

6. The root system … out of reticular texture of the bag.

2. Дайте відповіді на запитання.

1. In what season are hot and cold frames used?

2. What vegetables are grown in hothouses?

3. What is used in hothouses as a potent stimulating factor?

4. What is the heating agent of a hotbed?

5. Are flowers grown in greenhouses?

Текст 11

WHEAT

The cultivation of wheat began in prehistoric times and the cereal was greatly valued by the ancient Persians, Greeks and Egyptians. Cultivated wheats have originated by the accidental hybridization¹ of certain species of wild grasses.

Each grain of wheat consists of an embryo plant in close contact with² an ample store³ of starchy and nitrogenous food material⁴, the whole being surrounded by a coat.

Wheat is practically always self-fertilized. The great majority of wheats have been produced by artificial cross-fertilization⁵ of pre-existing distinct varieties, with selection of the best types.

The first and most important criterion is yielding capacity. Thick-walled and short straw is highly resistant to lodging, which is of prime importance under conditions of high fertility. Winter hardiness is of great importance in the winter varieties. There are many different varieties of spring and winter wheat.

Wheat is extremely deep rooted and drought resisting, and on all except very light soils gives the best yields in dry and sunny seasons; it is also more resistant to winter frost than either barley or oats.

Perfect crops of wheat can be grown on heavy loams and clays. Satisfactory crops can be grown on light land in good condition. When wheat is grown on peaty soils the quality is usually poor, while the vegetation is luxuriant and the yield of straw very large.

Notes

1. By the accidental hybridization — в результаті випадкової гібридизації

2. In close contact with — тут оточений

3. Ample store — багатий запас

4. Starchy and nitrogenous food material — поживні речовини, які містять крохмаль і азот

5. Artificial cross-fertilization — штучне перехресне запилення

Завдання до тексту 11

І. Знайдіть у тексті англійські еквіваленти наступних слів та словосполучень:

Випадковий, урожайність, зимостійкість, сорти ярової та озимої пшениці, стійка до полягання.

ІІ. Закінчить речення відповідними за значенням словами: peaty, winter, produced, scientist, protein.

1. A new drought resistant variety of wheat has been developed by this ….

1. The quality of wheat is usually poor on … soils.

2. Winter hardiness is considered to be of great importance in … varieties.

3. This winter wheat variety has … a high yield.

4. The new winter wheat variety is rich in ….

ІІІ. Виберіть зайве слово:

1. Oats, barley, wheat, rice, maize, rye, cabbage, millet.

1. Light soils, heavy loams, peaty lands, sandy soils, yields, clays.

2. Crop, variety, hybrid, spring, species.

3. Hybridization, selection, education, self-fertilization.

4. Sunny, simply, rainy, warm, hot, frosty, hot.

ІУ. Дайте відповіді на запитання:

1. When did wheat cultivation begin?

2. What does each grain of wheat consist of?

3. On what soils does wheat give the best and the poorest yields?

4. What is of great importance for winter varieties?

5. What does the quality of wheat depend on?