Прислівник
Exercise 1. Transform the following sentences using adverbs instead of the given adjectives.
Model: His answer was good.— He answered well.
1. John is a slow eater. 2. Mary's translation of the sentence is correct. 3. My companion was a quick walker. 4. She was a careless cook. 5. His arrival was unexpected. 6. My friend is an excellent dancer. 7. His death was sudden. 8. Her speech at the meeting was wonderful.
Exercise 2.. Answer the questions using the comparative degree of the adverbs.
1. Does Peter drive the car as carefully as Tom? 2- Does a taxi run as fast as a bus? 3. Did Jane speak as calmly as Helen? 4. Did you come as late as your brother? 5. Does Nick speak English as slowly as Peter? 6. Does Susan speak French as well as her mother? 7. Does Harry get up as early as his father? 8. Does Jack do his grammar exercises as carelessly as he did last year?
Exercise 3. Adjectives and Adverbs Circle the correct form in parentheses.
1. Rita plays the violin (good/well). 2. That is an (intense/intensely) novel. 3. The sun is shining (bright/brightly). 4. The girb speak (fluent/fluently) French. 5. The boys speak Spanish (fluent/fluently). 6. The table has a (smooth/smoothly) surface. 7. We must figure our income tax returns (accurate/accurately). 8. We don't like to drink (bitter/bitterly) tea. 9. The plane will arrive (soon/soonly). 10. He had an accident because he was driving too (fast/fastly).
Exercise 4. Circle the correct form in parentheses.
1. Your cold sounds (terrible/terribly). 2. The pianist plays very (good/well). 3. The food in the restaurant always tastes (good/well). 4. The campers remained (calm/calmly) despite the thunderstorm. 5. They became (sick/sickly) after eating the contaminated food. 6. Professor Calandra looked (quick/quickly) at the students' sketches. 7. Paco was working (diligent/diligently) on the project. 8. Paul protested (vehement, vehemently) about the new proposals. 9. Our neighbors appeared (relaxed/relaxedly) after their vacation. 10. The music sounded too (noisy/noisily) to be classical.
Exercise 5. Translate into Ukrainian. (Consult § 49.)
1. Neither I nor my friend was there. 2. Neither he nor you are right. 3. Neither you nor he has done it. 4. Neither he nor you have done it. 5. Neither I nor you have read this article. 6. Neither you nor Roman has been there. 7. Neither we nor you have been to London. 8. Neither we nor my brother has been there. 9. I have been neither to Lviv nor to Moscow. 10. You have read neither this nor that book.
Exercise 6. Translate into English in writing. ,
1. Я не знаю нi його, нi його друга. 2. Я не був нi в Одесі, Hi в Ялті 3. Hi він, ні його друг не переклали цей текст. 4. Hi ми, ні вони не читали цю книжку. 5. Hi Петро, Hi Микола не брали участі у вечорі 6. Biн не писав i не читав. Biн дивився телевізор. 7. Ми не грали Hi в футбол, Hi в волейбол. Ми грали в шахи. 8. Hi наша сестра, ні ми з братом не були сьогодені в кіно. 9. Вони не читали i не писали. Вони гралися з моею сестричкою.
Lesson 15
Compound Sentences
Exercise 1. Analyse the following' sentences. How are the clauses joined? What type are they?
1. The
house was ancient and very uncomfortable but he did not want to alter
it. 2. There was one woman in front of him, and s
came
on and started making introductory noises. 3. Simon was
confused, he did not know what to say. 4. He watched her go: he
went to his window and watched her cross the courtyard below. 6.
We looked at each other for a moment and then I turned away. 7. My
watch had stopped, but I could tell the time from the hospital wall.
8. I shut my eyes, and a bit later I heard the door close. 9. My
mother lives near Hastings now, so there is no cause to go back. 10.
Of course I like him very much or I wouldn't think of marrying him.
11. I knocked on the door and there was no answer, otherwise I
wouldn't have gone in. 12. Who did you speak to and what did you say?
Exercise 2. Point out sentences with a) syndetic and b) asyndetic coordination. Comment on the type of coordination and on the conjunctions used in a).
1. He wanted to say something, but changed his mind and kept silent. 2. She came home early, but her brother remained to the end of the concert. 3. The sun was shining brightly, the wind was not blowing. 4. I'll tell you about this country or my elder sister will do it. 5. never take the medicine and my friend doesn't take it either. 6. My aunt never goes to football matches while my uncle goes to the stadium every Sunday. 7.1 am going to hear this concert, so is my sister. 8. Bananas don't grow in the North, neither do pine-apples. 9. You never make spelling mistakes, and my friend never does it either. 10. She spoke in a low voice otherwise the patient could be disturbed. 11. That day the sea was stormy, and the people didn't bathe.12. You must study well, otherwise your teachers would think you are lazy. 13. The mother was sleeping, while the father was working in the yard. 14. They were close friends, so their conversation was easy and happy. 15. Either you believe me or I can't help you. 1-6. She became a prominent actress whereas her brother worked at the family farm. 17.1 wasn' t hungry, yet I asked for some food.
Exercise 3. Join the following simple sentences into a compound one using coordinating conjunctions.
1. She has much work to do at home. She is very busy with her studies at the institute. She is full of energy. She always fulfils her duties. 2. You did not seem interested in this performance. I did not invite you to go to the theatre with me. 3. My friend has been ill for a long time. She will catch up with the group. She is an excellent student.
Exercise 4. Using suitable coordinating conjunctions, convert the following simple sentences into compound ones
Model:It being stuffy in the room, I opened the window. Whereas it was stuffy in the room, I opened the window.
1. Our work being completed, we may have a good rest. 2. In spite of the snowstorm in the mountains, the geologists managed to carry out their work. 3. He blamed nobody except his younger brother. 4. Except the pianist himself all the people found the concert to be a success. 5. During the holidays I went to Kyiv to see an old friend of mine. 6. It being a nice little place, the host and the hostess were rather proud of it. 7. But for the umbrella he would have come home drenched and would have caught cold. 8. For all his experience in this branch of science, he is sometimes compelled to consult the professor.
Exercise 5 Complete the following so that compound sentences should be formed.
Model: She is small and thin, while (her children, to be ...). She is small and thin, while her children are tall and thick.
1. Both the friends were fond of music, so (they, to talk...). 2. The train started at 5 a. m., therefore (we, to get up...). 3. He was quite a young boy, nevertheless (everybody, to respect...). 4. Neither a telegram was sent, nor (a letter, to be written). 5.1 met him somewhere, but (I, not to remember...). 5. She is a delicate child, while (her brother, to be...). 6. He was not much afraid, yet (he, to ask...). 7. Either you will buy the tickets, or (I, to ask...). 8. Some people like hot weather, whereas (others, can't stand...).
Exercise 6 Point out sentences with a) syndetic and b) asyndetic coordination. Comment on the types of coordination and the conjunctions used in a).
1. would not listen to her, I thought her hard and cruel. (Dm Maurier). 2. She put her hands up to her cheeks, but her eyes seemed to look right into his. (Galsworthy). 3. He went out to his bedroom to get a book, and his heart began to beat violently, for she was there making the bed. (Galsworthy). 4. It was high summer, and the hay harvest was almost over. (Lawrence). 5. All the rooms were brightly lighted, but there seemed to be complete silence in the house. (Mu rdoch). 6. His eyes were bloodshot and heavy, his face a deadly white, and his body bent as if with age. (Dickens). 7. Time passed, and she came to no conclusion, nor did any opportunities come her way for making a close study of Mischa. (Murdoch).8. She often enjoyed Annette's company, yet the child made her nervous. (Murdoch).9. It was early afternoon, but very dark outside, and the lamps had already been turned on. (Murdoch).
10. A large number of expensive Christmas cards were arrayed on the piano; while upon the walls dark evergreens, tied into various clever swags of red and silver ribbon, further proclaimed the season. (Mu rdoch).11. had had no news of her in the hospital, but she wrote French with difficulty, and I couldn't read Vietnamese. (Greene). 12. Ashurst held out his hand; on the upturned palm he could feel the dew. (Galsworthy). 13. The rain fell softly, the house was quiet. (Collins). 14. Don't come near me with that look else I'll knock you down. (Eliot). 15. The room and the house were silent, only now and then the merriment of the billiard players was heard from above. (Bronte). 16. Hers (Lillian's) was not a soul that ever loved passionately, hence she could not suffer passionately. (Dreiser). 17. The moon went down, the stars grew pale, the cold day broke; the sun rose. (Dickens). 18. He must go, or they would overtake him. (Lawrence). 19. Mrs. Septimus Small let fall no word; neither did she question June about it. (Galsworthy). 20. reached Graden Wester before ten in the forenoon; for in those days I was an excellent pedestrian,... (Stevenson). 21. He had suffered heavy loss by his Italian transactions; and hence the sight of an Italian was hateful to him, and the principal part of his nightmare would naturally enough be played by one of that nation. (Stevenson). 22. The morning was grey, wild, and melancholy; the wind moderated before sunrise, and then went about, and blew in puffs from the shore; the sea began to go down, but the rain still fell without mercy. (Stevenson). 23. He was certainly in no hurry either. 24. The light went out, the curtains opened, and a man
Lesson 16
COMPLEX SENTENCES
Exercise.1 In this exercise you have to explain what some words mean. Choose the right meaning from the list and then
he/she steals from a shop he/she doesn't eat meat he/she designs buildings
|
he/she breaks into a house and steals things he/she doesn't drink alcohol he/she buys something from a shop |
(an architect)
(a burglar)
(a vegetarian)
(a customer)
5 (a shoplifter)
6. (a tee to taller)
An architect is someone who .design e. building
A burglar is someone ......................
A vegetarian
Exercise.2 Now you have to read two sentences and then write one sentence with the same meaning. Use a relative clause in your sentence.
Example: A girl was injured in the accident. She is now in hospital.
The girl Who was. injured .in the accident is now in hospital.
1. A man answered the phone. He told me you were out. The man .......................'......................
2. A waitress served us. She was very impolite and impatient The ...........................................
3. Some boys were arrested. They have now been released. The boys......................
Exercise.3 The sentences in this exercise are not complete. Choose the most suitable ending from the list and make it into a relative clause
he invented the telephone she runs away from home they are never on time they stole my car they used to hang on that wall
|
it makes typewriters it gives you the meanings of words it won the race it can support life it was found last week
|
Gerry works for a company .. that (pr which) makes. typewriters,
The book is about a girl
What was the name of the horse...................... ?
The police have caught the men......................
Alexander Bell was the man......................
Where are the pictures...................... ?
The police are still trying to identify the body......................
A dictionary is a book......................
9.1 don't like people......................
10. It seems that Earth is the only planet ,......................
E
xercise
4.The
sentences in this exercise are not complete. Complete each one with a
relative clause.
Use the sentences in the box to make your relative clauses.
we met her yesterday Tom recommended it Ann is wearing it
|
we wanted to visit it we had it for dinner police arrested him
|
Tom tells them you lost them I invited them to the party
|
Have you found the keys......................you.lost...................... ?
I like the dress......................
The museum......................was shut when we got there.
Most of the people......................couldn't come.
I didn't like that woman......................
The fish......................was really delicious.
We stayed at a hotel......................
The stories......................are usually very funny.
The man......................has now been released.
Exercise 5 This time you have to make a relative clause with a preposition.
you were with her last night they were talking about them we wanted to travel on it |
I am living in it she is married to him f applied for it |
I slept in it I work with them we went to it |
The bed......................!.£(?*#./"... was too soft.
f didn't get the job......................
The man......................has been married twice before.
The party......................wasn't very enjoyable.
Who was that girl...................... ?
The flight......................was fully booked.
7.1 enjoy my job because I like the people......................
I wasn't interested in the things......................
The house......................is not in very good condition.
Exercise 6. Complete these sentences, where necessary, with that, who or what. // it is possible to write that or leave it out, write (that) - in brackets.
Examples: Did you hear......................what......................I said? Everything ..(that).. he said was true.
1 She gives her children everything......................they want.
Tell me you want and I'll try to help you.
Why do you blame me for everything......................goes wrong?
4.1 won't be able to do very much but I'll do the best......................I can.
I can't lend you any money. All......................I've got is a pound.
Nora is the only person......................understands me.
Why do you always disagree with everything......................I say?
8.1 don't agree with...................... you've just said.
9. This is in awful film. It's the worst......................I've ever seen.
Exercise 7.You were on holiday with a friend of yours. You met some people who bad some bad experiences during their holiday. You met:
some people/their car broke down
a man/his wife became ill and was taken to hospital
a woman/her husband was arrested by the police
a girl /her pass port was stolen
a couple/their luggage disappeared
You can't remember the names of these people, so you ask your friend. Make
sentences with whose.
What was the name of the man..................................... ?
What..................................... ?
4..................................... ?
5............................................................................ ?
Exercise 8. The sentences in this exercise are not complete. You have to complete them with where ... Use the sentences in the box to make your relative clauses.
I can buy postcards there she had bought it there people are buried there |
[ was born there— we spew out holidays there we can hove a really good meal there |
I recently went back to the town ......................where.!..W.6.born...;......................
The dress didn't fit her, so she took it back to the shop......................
Do you know a restaurantю ?
Is there a shop near here..................................... ?
The place ..................................... was really beautiful.
A cemetery is a place.....................................
Exercise 9 Again you have to complete the sentences with a relative claw. Use the sentences in the box to make your relative clauses.
(her) dog bit me John is staying (there) we first met (on that day) (his/her) parents are dead |
they haven't got a car (for this reason) I didn't write to you (for this reason) the Second World War ended (in that year) you telephoned (that evening) |
Do you remember the day.......................................................................... ?
An orphan is a child.....................................
The reason.....................................was that I didn't know your address.
Unfortunately I wasn't at home the evening.....................................
5.1 protested to the woman.....................................
The reason.....................................is that they can't afford one.
Do you know the name of the hotel..................................... ?
1945 was the year.....................................
Exercise 10. In this exercise you have to write these sentences again together with a relative clause. Sometimes the relative clause is in the middle of the sentence, sometimes at the end. Use the sentences in brackets to make your relative clauses.
She told me her address. (I wrote her address down on a piece of paper.) She told me her address,, which j wrote down on a piece of paper.
1......................................She showed me a photograph of her son. (Her son is a policeman.)
She showed me a photograph of her son.....................................
2......................................We decided not to swim in the sea. (The sea looked rather dirty.)
We .,.....................................
The new stadium will be opened next month. (The stadium holds 90,000 people.) The .....................................•::......................................
John is one of my closest friends. (I have known John for eight years.)
That man over there is an artist. (I don't remember his name.) (use whose)
4.Opposite our house there is a nice park! (There are sonic beautiful trees in this, park.) (use where) ......................
The storm caused a lot of damage. (Nobody had been expecting the storm.)
The postman was late this morning. (The postman is nearly always on time.)We often go o visit our friends in Bristol. (Bristol is only 30 miles away.)
5. Mr Edwards has gone into hospital for some tests. (His health hasn't been good recently.) (use whose).......................'......................
Jack looks much nicer without his beard. (His beard made him look much older.)
12. 1 went to see the doctor. (The doctor told me to rest for a few days.) 13 Thank you for your letter. (I was very happy to get your letter.)
A friend of mine helped me to get a job. (His father is the manager of a company.) (use whose) ......................
Next week-end I'm going to Glasgow. (My sister, lives in Glasgow.) {use where)
The population of London is now failing. (London was once the largest city in the world.)
I looked up at the moon. (The moon was very bright that evening.)
We spent a pleasant day by the lake. (We had a picnic by the lake.) (use where)
Exercise 11.
Jan was worried because it had started to rain.
Jan was worried because of the rain.
The students arrived late because there was a traffic jam.
The students arrived (ate because of the traffic jam.
We have to cut down on our driving because there js_ an oil shortage.
We have to cut down on our driving because of the oil shortage.
Note: It is also possible for the cause clause to begin the sentence. Because of the rain, we have cancelled the party.
Exercise 12. Bccause / Because Of supply either because or because of appropriate.
1.It was difficult to deliver the letter the sender had written the wrong address on the envelope.2. We decided to leave early___ the party was boring.3. Rescue attempts were temporarily halted___________,the bad weather.. 4. They visited their friends often________they enjoyed their company.. 5. Paul cannot go to the football game________ his grades. 6. Marcella was awarded a scholarship ________ her superior scholastic ability. 7. Nobody ventured outdoors ________the hurricane warnings. 8.We plan to spend our vacation in the mountains________ the air is purer there. 9. We have to drive around the bay_____________the bridge was destroyed. 10. The chickens have died______. the intense heat.
Lesson 17
COMPLEX SENTENCES
Exercise 1. Analyze the sentences. State the type of subordinate clause, and the way it is joined to the principal clause.
1.. He wondered what they would try on him this time.
,2. She was tired. She was beginning to think it was time that people left, but they all were talking about Germany. 3. Anyway, I hope you will let me know what happens.4. She went into the kitchen to do the washing-up, which she always did, these days, carefully, before going to bed. 5. When Rose got home, she found her baby-sitter Eileen had fallen asleep. 6. He did not see how she could possibly be serious, however much she might look it. 7. He looked at me as if I were a magician who could read his soul. 8. He had no job, and that worried him, because it was winter. 9. But what worried him much more was getting to Whitechapel. 10. After we had eaten and I had settled in I went for a walk in the afternoon. 11. Why did the silly child always wear shoes which were too small for her? 12. After I had cleaned the rooms there was an interval in my work. 13. I wonder where he is at this minute. 14. I don't believe in it, because I know it isn't true. 15. He went to bed and slept well as an innocent man might do.
Exercise 2. Use the correct form of the verb given in brackets.
I will tell you about it when you ... back, (to come)
I'm not going to leave a party before I ... ready to leave it. (to be) 3. She'll be very angry when she ... the broken mirror, (to see) 4. She'll like the dog as soon as she ... it. (to see) 5. I'm going to sit here and wait until you ... in and ... something to eat for yourself, (to go; to get) 6. I shall have thirty thousand pounds by the time I ... fifty, (to be) 7. God, how I hate abroad. I'll never go there again as long as I ... . (to live) 8. I'll give you a ring when I ... back, (to get) 9. When you ... back, I will marry you. (to come) 10. Oz will now send me home until I ... the Wicked Witch of the West. (to kill) 11. What are you going to do when you ... old? (to get) 12. "I'll stay till the wind...," said Mary Poppins. (to change)
Exercise 3 Use the correct form of the verb the infinitive of which is given in brackets. State the type of the subordinate clause and explain your choice of a verb form.
1. If you . in this way you will break your mother's heart! (to continue) 2. I will get a job if I ... get one. (to be able to) 3. If the crash ..., it will be a big one! (to come) 4. If it ... expensive, I won't be able to afford it. (to be) 5. Be careful! If they ... you they will call mother immediately, (to notice) 6. If you ... to go to the south seas with me, we'll be happy there. I will look after you — keep you safe for always, (to agree) 7. I swear to you that if we ... waiting half an hour outside an office, I shall not be responsible for my actions, (to be kept)
If Belfounder or anybody ... just say in a stern masculine voice that I am out indefinitely, (to telephone)
"You must forgive me," she said, turning and smiling fearfully at her guests, "if the dinner ... quite ruined, we will all know who is to blame." (to be)
10. We'll both get cold, if we ... here much longer, (to stay) 11. I'll ring you on Wednesday if I ... anything. (to find) 12. Give me your soup plates, everybody. If we ... for that girl to take them, we'll be here all night, (to wait)
Exercise 4 Analyse the following questions. Translate them into Ukrainian. Pay special attention to the word order in each type of the questions.
(a) 1. Was she upset? 2. Do you think I'm getting old and ugly? 3. Are you all right, Barney? 4. Do you know what happened at Liberty Hall last Sunday? 5. Have Andrew and Hilda moved yet? 6. Do you approve of Hilda's new place? 7. Barney, I'm so worried.— What about, dear? — Had Kathleen found out something? 8. Have you been to confession? — No.— Oughtn't you to go? — Maybe. Will you go? — I don't know. 9. Is there somebody else in the room? 10. Have you told Frances about us? 11. Did you meet anyone in the street on th** way back? 12. Now then, Hazel, haven't you brought Ernest with you? 13. Was he disappointed to find that Major Rich was out? 14. Can I keep this photo? 15. Won't it be a bit wet and cold for tea in the garden?
1. What have I done now? 2. When is Frances get ting married? 3. Why do you always lock your door now? 4. Why do the men go and fight in that stupid ghastly war? Why don't they all say, no, no, no? — I agree with you, Frances. But they just feel helpless. What can they do? What can any of us do? 5. How could he have frightened you so? £. What's happened, Kathleen? You look quite distracted. 7. What on earth are you talking about, Kathleen? 8. But why did the sec retary tear up the other letter? 9. How can you prevent me? You can't keep me under lock and key. 10. What have you been doing with yourself? 11. What will your mother say when she hears? What will she think of me? 12. Who drives them? 13. "Which road leads to the Wicked Witch of the West?" asked Dorothy. 14. Who, then, in your opinion, murdered Miss French? 15. What makes you think it's not genuine?
1. Things can't go on like this, can they? Something is going to happen, isn't it? 2. Do you like these white daffodils? They're rather unusual, aren't they? 3. You do believe me, don't you? 4. You're thinking of young Ted Gerard, aren't you, sir? 5. It wouldn't do, would it,to repeat just idle talk? 6. He wasn't staying in the house, was he? 7. You aren't frightened of me, are you? 8. You wanted to paint me, didn't you? 9. You see how she was, don't you, Harry? 10. You don't feel depressed, do you, Sally? 11. Your wife wouldn't mind a change, would she? 12. It's early to go to bed, isn't it? 13. You don't mind if I finish the ironing, do you? 14. You won't refuse, will you? 15. We must be very business like, mustn't we, Gerald?
1. Are you a scientist or a humanitarian, young man? 2. Are you a writer, or something? 3. Tell me about the pain. Is it short and sharp, or steady and dull? 4. Is it love I feel for him, or just pity? 5. How can you describe these pains? Are they gradual or sudden? 6. "He is my dog, Toto," answered Dorothy. "Is he made of tin, or stuffed?" asked the Lion.— "Neither. He's a real live dog." 7. Did she really say all those things to you, Kay, or did you make them up? 8. Should we all sit round looking very stiff and formal — or should we make everybody comfortable and cosy? 9. Do you want me to find out the truth — or not? 10. Should he stop here for a drink, or push on? 11. Rogers addressed Miss Brent, "Will you begin, Madam, or will you wait?" 12. Will you take cold tongue or cold ham, Madam? 13. What are the lights like here, strong or dim?
>
Exercise 5. State whether the sentences given below are real questions. Translate them into Ukrainian.
1. Wouldn't you like to walk down the garden? 2. "Could you dry the seat for me?" — He dried the seat of the swing with his handkerchief and she sat upon it. 3. Let's go in, shall we? 4. You were so rude. Why can't you be ordinarily polite to me? 5. How can you be so cruel? 6. Oh, thank you, Maudie. Just put the trolley here, would you, and could you put some more turf on the fire? 7. Andrew, would you mind lifting those boxes off the chairs? Be careful with them. 8. Would you like to join us? It's just a cold meal, I'm afraid.— No, thank you. 9. Kathleen, would you mind leaving me alone with Pat for a few minutes? 10. She waited until they were smoking and said, "Milly, would you fetch the papers?" 11. Would you like a cup of coffee while you're waiting? 12. "Would you care to sit down?" he asked. 13. Couldn't we go and have some fish and chips somewhere? 14. Could I have a word with you, please? 15. You couldn't give me his address, by any chance?
Exercise 6. Transform the following sentences into indirect speech observing all the necessary changes in verbs, pronouns.
(a) 1. He said, "We're having a test on Byron today."2. "I'll meet you at the library at eleven," Crane said.3. "The sun is shining and it'll be dry directly," Millie went on. 4. Andrew was not sure how serious she was. He answered lightly, "I don't understand much about politics. I'm leaving that for later." 5. She murmured "I'll catch a train this afternoon." 6. Lincoln spoke first, "We've been talking it over ever since we got your letter last month." 7. "I haven't seen you for a whole year," she said. 8. "I saw your sister out shopping yesterday," she said to me. 9. "You haven't opened your telegram yet," she said to me. 10. "They will not attack before four," the colonel said. 11. "They don't know we can't use it," he said. 12. He said, "I hope I haven't interrupted." 13. "Nobody will ever know," we said to him, "what you are and where you are going." 14. "They'll be all right," he said. 15. He added, smiling, "Simon, we saw you yesterday, driving down your street." "Yes, I saw you, too. Our Dad's got a new car," said Simon.
(b) 1. "Do you have a photograph of Fanny with you?" Hayward asked. 2. "Did you wish to see me?" asked Cooper. 3. "Did you see an old woman going down the path?" asked Frances. 4. "Why didn't you think of all this before?" Marion asked. 5. Kristine clutched John's arm. "Oh," she cried wildly. "Where are they going? What are they going to do?" 6. "Brian, why do you keep the doors closed and locked?" Al Capone said.— "To keep insects out." 7. "Are you all right?" the man said to us. 8. She said, "What did Tom say about these cheeses?" 9. George said to us, "What time shall I wake you?" 10. "Where did you get that helmet?" I asked him. 11. She said, "Are there skyscrapers in London?"12. "Haven't you ever seen it before?" I said to him.
"How could I see that," said George, rather annoyed, "since I've never been to Naples?" 14. "Are you going to be in your hotel tomorrow morning, Lloyd?" Smith asked.
(c)1. The sergeant said, "Take two men and go to the village and arrest him." 2. "Don't talk for one minute, Jim, please," she asked. 3. "I can't hear you!" cried Kristine, intent on the scene before her. "You'll have to talk louder." 4. "Oh, go away,-Bill," she said. "Go away into school and don't come back for a long time." 5. "Wait a little longer," she said to me. 6. He said to me, "Drop your rifle." 7. "Don't be a fool," I said to him. 8. "Don't worry about me," the old woman said. 9. A voice came up the stairs, "George! George! Come out of that stuffy room at once!" 10. George Augustus raised his hand and exclaimed, "Leave this house! And do not return to it until you have learned to apologize for your behavior!" 11. They had missed two buses outside the tube station in their excited chatter. A third came along. George grabbed Elizabeth's arm, "Come on, here's our bus. Let's go on top." 12. "Well, promise that you won't say anything," she said. "Please, Gerry* not a word."......................
Exercise 7. Change the following into direct speech.
1. George said he felt thirsty. 2. They said it was very interesting. 3. I asked my cousin if she thought it could be a dream. 4. She replied that she was about to ask me the same question. 5. I answered that I thought he would never smile again. 6. He told them they could follow him. 7. He went up to the policeman and asked him if he knew what time it was. 8. She asked me if you were serious. 9. I asked her not to go out. 10. I told Sam not to leave the house. 11. Then he asked me if I wrote for any newspapers. 12. I told her not to worry. 13. The elder sister said that she was afraid they hadn't got on dresses suited to work. 14. They said it was very kind of him. 15. He told them .they could follow him. 16. I promised mother I'd be home early tonight. 17. Oh, George, you always said you liked to live in the middle of London. 18. They shook hands, and Barber asked if she wanted to go to some place for a coffee. 19. He just came to me one night and said he'd got leave of absence from his job for a month and that he'd be back inside of thirty days and he'd tell me all about it when he got back, and he begged me not to ask any questions. 20. He told me he wouldn't write.
Exercise 8. All these sentences contain indirect speech. Insert the missing verbs minding the rules of changing direct speech into indirect.
1. Those men will come back. They said they ... . (will/would) 2. Kathleen said she ... find me a maid. (do/does/will/would) 3. And so he agreed to stay: Rose said she ... Julie and explain it all. (ring up/ rings up/ will ring up/would ring up) 4. But listen, he said he ... back, honestly, he did. (go/goes/is going/was going/were going). 5. Are you sure my husband said he ... very soon? (come/comes/will come/would come) 6. He always said that we ... free after a battle, but we never were. (is/are /will be/shall be/should be) 7. He said he ... to tell you. (will not forget/would not forget) 8. Well, he told me he ... to Cheltenham. I'm sure he did. (is going/was going/were going) 9. Clayton said he ... no time, but he ... and ... a note, (have/has/had; will come in/would come in and write) 10. I have been this afternoon to see Governor Stanton and told him how I ... of my job after all these years, (am thrown out /was thrown out/had been thrown out). 11. She promised she ... it again, (did not do/will not do/would not do) 12. Then I gave Pat my word of honour that I ... here in this house until twelve, (stay/stays/shall stay/should stay)
He said you ... alone in Paris, (is/are/was/were)
She told me that she ... a son who ... in the country with a nanny, (has/had/will have; lives/lived/will live) 15. He asked me politely how my work ... . (is going/was going/will be going)
Lesson 18
Module (orally)
Lesson 19
Test