- •Introduction An economy driven by competition
- •The u.S. Economy Today
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •The challenges of this century
- •Vocabulary
- •Basic ingredients of the u.S. Economy
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •A mixed economy: the u.S. System
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Government’s role in the u. S. Economy
- •Direct services
- •Regulation and control
- •Stabilization and growth
- •Direct assistance
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •The passive use of –able.
- •Fluctuations in economic activity the business cycle
- •The great depression
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Form adjectives from these nouns:
- •Form verbs from these adjectives:
- •Form nouns from these verb-adjective pairs:
- •6 From small business to the corporation the sole proprietor
- •The business partnership
- •Franchising and chain stores
- •Large corporations: advantages and disadvantages
- •How corporations raise capital
- •The threat of monopoly
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •7 Stocks, commodities and markets
- •The importance of dividends
- •The stock exchanges
- •Over-the-counter stocks
- •Buying stock on margin
- •Commodities futures
- •Market dynamics
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •8 Monetary and fiscal policy
- •Money in the u.S. Economy
- •The u.S. Money supply
- •The federal reserve system
- •Fiscal policy
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •9 Taxation
- •The power to tax
- •Current federal taxes
- •Taxing for nonrevenue purposes
- •Nontax revenue and borrowing
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •656099, Г. Барнаул, пр-т Ленина, 46
Exercises
Exercise 1. Translate
Вся валюта РФ содержит отметки государственного казначейства.
Чтобы получить такую большую сумму, мы должны послать в банк предварительный запрос.
Рубль является законным средством обмена в РФ.
Вклады на текущих счетах составляют 30% от общей денежной массы банка.
Правительство выпустило указ об изъятии наличности старого образца из оборота.
Метал, который был протестирован в лаборатории, не является ценным.
Доход компании зависит от скорости денежного оборота.
Министерство финансов РФ регулирует предложение денежных средств в стране.
Чиновники исполнительной ветви власти назначаются президентом.
Федеральный резервный банк покрывает свои расходы за счет взимания платы за оказанные услуги.
Exercise 2. Fill in the prepositions
Government supplies relief … the poor and help … the disabled.
Money gave a high return … investment.
The four types of monopolies are distinct … the other companies, which obtained complete control … particular commodities.
The sole proprietorship is well adapted … many kinds of small business.
A partnership is a business formed … profit … two or more co-owners.
Each partner is liable … all the debts of a partnership irrespectively how much money he invested … the business.
The seller charged a too high price … the commodity and we asked him to reduce it … 50$.
This organization provides services … the people of the city and the suburbs.
Interest paid … bonds is a tax-deductible business.
If we compare the current year … the previous one, we’ll see that cotton prices have dropped … 44%.
Many farmers couldn’t sell … a profit due … the rise … prices … farm machinery.
We borrowed 1000$ … a year … 10% interest.
The American economic system is based … free enterprise.
The strong emphasis placed …education contributed … America’s economic success.
Common stockholders have the right to vote … the board … directors.
Interest is paid … fixed rate … a specified date.
The American economic system is characterized … private ownership … productive resources.
Many people sold their shares to make a quick profit … the stock exchange.
Industrial overproduction did a lot of damage … the economy and pushed many businesses … … the market.
You should take steps … uneconomical spending or you’ll be … debt.
Exercise 3. Say whether the statements are true or false.
Monetary policies affect government’s spending.
The quality of money affects the level of employment.
Property and precious metals can be considered as forms of money.
Paper money has the signature of the president draw on it.
The official motto is “In Bank We trust”.
There are three types of money.
The other name for the FED is a central bank.
The FED consists of 12 branches and 25 regional federal reserve banks.
The FED is run by the board of governors.
The FED reports to Congress.
Exercise 4. Punctuate each section and arrange them in their proper order to get a text on money and banking.
today a banks primary function is to act as an intermediary between depositors and borrowers it serves as a reservoir of loanable money
the term money in its widest sense covers anything which serves as a store of value and a means of exchange legal tender is the name for actual notes issued by governments or authorized banks while instruments of credit such as cheques act as a substitute for legal tender
the whole system however is based on simple acts of trust between all concerned without this trust modern banking would be impossible
a bank accordingly makes main profits by lending part of its store of deposited money at fixed rates of interest these rates usually exceed the rates offered to depositors
the purchasing power of money is dependent upon supply and demand variations therefore occur in the amount of money actually in circulation such institutions as banks assist in the flow of money throughout the economy.
banks have developed greatly from their original position as places of security for valuables today they are service industries which handle large sums of money on current and deposit account