Вариант № 1
Перепишите следующие сложноподчиненные предложения, подчеркните в них придаточные и укажите, являются ли они дополнительными (Д) или определительными (О).
1) We know nuclear weapons poison the atmosphere.
2) The new ecologically pure materials our plant produces gain popularity.
3) These three factors we have spoken about are the tube characteristics.
II. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на правило согласования времен в английском языке.
1) We heard that the television station Ostankino had been equipped with the most modern electronic devices.
2) It was mentioned in the report that more than 3,000,000 organic compounds were already known.
3) They knew that you would graduate from the Institute the next year.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения, выпишите из них причастия, определите их форму и функцию в предложении. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1) The research done by the scientist has shown good results.
2) When moving in space any object does work.
3) The flight of any object moving through the air depends upon the laws of aerodynamics.
IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с независимым причастным оборотом.
1) Knowing the English language well, he was able to translate newspaper articles without a dictionary.
2) The water always vaporizes in the air, the amount depending upon various conditions.
3) Mendeleyev having given the world the Periodic Table of elements, chemistry made great progress.
V. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующий текст.
WATER
Water is a chemical compound of oxygen and hydrogen. It is the most abundant of all chemical compounds. As we know, water does not burn; on the contrary, it is generally used for putting out the fire.
Water like air is never found quite pure in nature; it contains various salts and minerals in solution. Salt water is heavier and some things will float in it. Hence it is easier to swim in salt water. When sea water freezes the salts separates from it.
Water is necessary for the existence of man, animals and plants. Every living thing contains large amount of water. When we drink water it is almost immediately coursing through our system, the body is purified of poison which is carried off in solution. When heated, water changes into an invisible gas; freezing it, we get a solid block of crystals. When evaporated it forms clouds from where it falls on the earth as rain or snow. The soil absorbs the water which appears on the surface again in the form of steams. In its various changes it disappears only to appear again in another form.
for putting out – для тушения solid block – твердый кусок
living thing – живое существо freezing it – зд. замораживая её
Вариант № 2
I. Перепишите следующие сложноподчиненные предложения, подчеркните в них придаточные и укажите, являются ли они дополнительными (Д) или определительными (О).
1) The new ecologically pure materials our plant produces gain popularity.
2) We know traffic and aircraft can cause serious noise pollution.
3) The region we must explore possesses great natural wealth.
II. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на правило согласования времен в английском языке.
1) Everybody knew that much had been done by Kurchatov in the field of uranium fission.
2) I always believed that one day the explanation of the fact would be found.
3) The student said that he could not translate the article without a dictionary.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения, выпишите из них причастия, определите их форму и функцию в предложении. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1) Now nuclear reactor is one of the most reliable devices producing atomic energy.
2) When heated to the boiling point water evaporates.
3) Newton’s great work published in 1687 is called «Principia».
IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с независимым причастным оборотом.
1) Electrical devices find a wide application in every house, a refrigerator being one of them.
2) Water and ice have nearly the same density, sound travelling at nearly the same speed through them.
3) The distance having been measured, the computer adjusts the car’s speed.
V. Перепишите и письменно переведите следующий текст.
THE SUN
The Sun is the most important of all heavenly bodies of our solar system. Without the Sun there would be no light, no heat, and no energy of any kind.
The Sun is a mass of flaming matter. The surface temperature of the Sun is about 10,000ºF. Much of the radiation from the Sun is absorbed by the atmosphere before it reaches the Earth’s surface.
The Sun’s diameter is more than one million kilometers. Its bulk is a million and a quarter times the bulk of our Earth. These figures are hard to imagine. If a bullet from a gun towards the sun kept its velocity constant, it would take seven years to reach the Sun.
If the Earth is a small ball, 3 cm in diameter, the Sun is a globe 274 cm in diameter. The Sun turns on its axis in about 25 days. Scientists consider that life has existed on the Earth for more than 500 million years. During all this time the solar constant hasn’t changed greatly. The Sun’s energy manifests itself as thermal, photo-electric and photo-chemical effects. Men have tried to use solar energy since earliest times, but no means existed to generate useful power from the Sun’s heat until steam and hot-air engines were invented.
there would be no … - не было бы … a bullet – пуля
the bulk – объем, основная масса it would take … – потребовалось бы …