Installation of new programs.

How You should do it. And why?

For the beginning work with any new program it is necessary to install this program on a computer. During installation the necessary files of the new program will be copied to the hard disk in various directories. After that all registration information of the given program will be recorded in the Windows registry file .

For the beginning of installation it is necessary to insert CD into the CDROM drive and to run Install.exe or Setup.exe. After that you should only respond to questions of the installation program.

If the installation has specificity, the information on it usually is in the file README.DOC (readme.txt, read.me etc.).

Before the beginning of installation it is necessary to check up presence of a free space on your hard disk.

DELETING OF OLD PROGRAMS.

How You should do it. And why?

For deleting old programs it is necessary to take advantage of the command Uninstall (if it exists for the given program).

If your program has no such command, it is necessary to take advantage of the standard command Windows ( Start / Setting / Control Panel / Add/Remove Programs ).

In this case not only all components of the given program will be correctly deleted from a hard disk, but also in the file of the registry all items of information on this program will be deleted.

If you delete only all directories with your program, Windows will produce a number of error messages in the file of the registry. And some files of your program can remain in other directories. It can destroy OS Windows.

SERVICE OF DISKS.

How You should do it. And why?

Windows very actively works with hard disk writing and deleting temporary files. It sometimes can result in violation of a hard disk structure and loss of the information.

For solving of these problems it is necessary periodically to scan and check structure of a hard disk.

For this purpose in Windows there are two main programs: scandisk (проверка диска) and defrag (дефрагментация диска).

Scandisk checks correctness of file names and directories on the disk, their layout, presence of Lost clusters and Cross references. This program also can check physical surface of a hard disk.

Defrag does change of files layout on disk so that all files and the directories on the disk were saved as continuous segments. It simplifies operation of the disk and boosts a reliability of information storage.

Installation of new equipment.

How You should do it. And why?

For installation of new equipment it is necessary:

1. To switch off the computer.

2. To install card into the computer or to connect the peripheral with a cable.

3. To switch-on the computer and to start Windows.

If the device supports the standard Plug&Play, all next steps will be done automatically.

If it will not take place, it is necessary to execute the command START / Setting / Control Panel / Add new hardware. In the opened window to point the type and parameters of installed equipment and to execute installation of the software driver.

Some devices are sold with the individual driver (on a diskette or CD). In this case it is necessary to take advantage of the instruction on installation of the given device.

SETTING OF A DESKTOP.

How You should do it. And why?

The desktop is a basis of a graphics shell Windows. For Setting of the Desktop you should do right-click in an empty place of the screen.

Having selected line "PROPERTY", you can change all setting of a desktop.

Having selected line "CREATE", you can create a new shortcut, folder or other object on a desktop.

Having selected line "ARRANGE ICONS", you can arrange shortcuts in the order you want.

DELETING OF FILES.

How You should do it. And why?

The deleting of files can be executed, having pressed a key Delete on a file name, using the right mouse button or having dragged the file into the Recycle Bin.

Thus the file will not be deleted completely from the disk, and will be transferred in a directory "Recycle Bin". After that you can open a Recycle Bin and restore the deleted file. For release of a space on the disk it is necessary to CLEAR the Recycle Bin. After that the file can not be restored by a usual way any more.

EXIT FROM WINDOWS.

How You should do it. And why?

In an operating time Windows does file swapping on a hard disk. It is necessary for saving intermediate data, creation of temporary disk files and for operation of the virtual memory (virtual storage).

The virtual memory is a special file created on a hard disk by MS Windows for use it when there is no free main memory of the computer.

Therefore for normal exit from Windows it is necessary to save all intermediate data on the disk, to delete all temporary files and to release the virtual memory. After that the computer can be switched off.

If you do not do it:

• On the disk will be saved many unnecessary temporary files.

• The part of the information obtained for the last session can be lost.

• The structure of files layout on HDD can be broken.

Correctly to switch off the computer it is necessary to execute the command START(Пуск)/Shut Down(Завершение работы). In the appeared window to select a necessary item.

• Выключить компьютер (Shut down the computer?)

• Перезагрузить компьютер (Restart the computer?)

• Перезагрузить компьютер в режиме MS-DOS (Restart the computer in MS-DOS mode?)

L i t e r a t u r e.

1. Богумирский Б. Энциклопедия Windows 98.– СПб.: Питер, 1998. – 844 с.

2. Інформатика. Комп’ютерна техніка. Комп’ютерні технології: Підручник.– К.: Каравела, 2004.– 464 с.

3. Official manual of Windows XP Professional.– Microsoft, 2006.–388 c.