3. A. Match the word to the part of spccch.

n. adj. v.

domestic domestication domesticate

B. Fill in the gaps in the text with the appropriate word from Ex. ЗА.

By 8000 BC human beings had begun to recognise the importance of other animals — dogs, goats, cattle, and sheep. These animals provided protection, food, clothing, and companionship. Men and women found the arrangement so satisfying that they tried to (1) other animals, some of

which were more difficult to control. Until recently, (2) was seen as a one-sided affair in which human beings dominated animals. However, new theories and evidence suggest that the initial impulse tor

3. came from both sides. Some animals chose to live

near human beings for protection from carnivorous enemies, or for the chance to approach a warm hearth on a cold night.

The (4) dog has coexisted with human beings as a

working partner and household pel in all eras and cultures since the days of the cave men. It is generally believed that the direct ancestor of the

5. Dog is the wolf, originally found throughout Europe,

Asia, and North America. Remains of a (6) dog, estimat­

ed to be 10.500 years old, have been found in Idaho.

4. Translate the highlighted words as they arc used in the text.

C anary, common name for a small finch native to the Azores, Madeira, and the Canary and Cape Verde islands, it is bred (1) as a cage bird throughout the world. In its wild state, the canary buitds its nest of moss, feathers, or hair in thick, bushy, high shrubs or trees and produces from two to four broods (2) in a season. The birds produced by selective breeding (3) are mostly yellow. In captivity the canary often breeds (4) three or four times a year. The canary can be taught various notes or series of notes, which it in turn will teach to its young.

Canary songs are classified as either “roller” or “chopper”. Some breeds (5) of canary sing combin­ing both types.

Translate the underlined phrases into English.

• Pay attention to passive and perfect forms.

1. Известно, что кошки могут пройти сотни миль и найти хозяев (owners) в новом доме, даже если сами раньше там никогда не были. Этот Феномен (phenomenon) до сих пор не пбьяснен наукой.

2. Некоторые породы собак могут идти по запаху (follow a scent), который был оставлен несколько дней назад.

3. 8 течение многих веков северных оленей (rain-deer) одомашнивали в естественной среде обитания fnatural habitat). Их обучили тащить сани и подчиняться (obey) командам.

4. Лоенние египтяне одомашнили голубей около 5000 лет назад. В Древней Греции они разносили новости об Олимпийских играх. В XX веке голубь, обученный в корпусе армейской связи США (the US Army SignaLCorps), пролетел 3700 км к родной голубятне (loft). Голубей широко используют для исследования способов, с помощью которых птицы ориентируются на больших расстояниях (navigate ovei long distances).

UNIT 7 Lessons 3-4
|,essons 3-4 Do all of them make good pets?
Щ Choose the best way to continue (a or b) for each exam­ple.	{2} Match each sentence in A to the tense relation in B.
I have a wonderful dog. ] j It was awarded a gold medal at our dog-show. Somebody awarded it a gold medal at our dog-show Sam bought a puppy, but it was naughty.; | a) So he sold it again.	A. The dog was domesticated thousands of years ago. Horses have always been used as draft animals. Various animals are used for scientific research and testing.
b) So it was sold again.	B.
3 My uncle is a vet. [~ ] My parrot was cured by him. He cured my parrot.	It takes place in the present. It refers to the past. It began in the past and is still going on at present.
4 This cat is too fat.
a) Somebody doesn’t feed it properly.
b) It isn’t fed properly.
5 Jane got a gold fish as a present.
a) But she did not look after it.
b) But it was not looked after.

^ Put the verb in brackets in the proper form of the passive.

• Pay attention to the tense.

The keeping of pets (1) (practise) from prehistoric times to the

present. Pets (2) . . .. (find) in nearly every culture and society.

The initial steps toward domestication the dog (3) (take) through the

human practice of making pets of young wild animals. The dog could be of great use in hunting and guarding duties. By human beings, on the other hand, the dogs (4)

(provide) with a constant supply of food and warmth from the fire. There is indirect evidence that the dog (5) (domesticate and keep) as a pet since Palaeolithic times, as can

(6) (see) from the paintings and carvings. In Mesopotamia, dogs that look

remarkably tike the present-day mastiff (7) (show) participating in a lion

hunt. Domestic pets often (8) (depict) in the scenes of family life in

ancient Egypt.