Vocabulary exercises

Exercise 1. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

Решать сложные проблемы, хранить информацию в своей памяти, блок управления, выполнять вычисления, почти постоянная скорость, специализированная и универсальная вычислительная машина.

Exercise 2. Выберите подходящее слово или словосочетание.

1. A computer is a kind of ______ (a typewriter, a table game, a counting machine)

2. We use computers to _______ (play games, solve problems, save money)

3. The text tells us about ______ (special-purpose computer, all-purpose

computer, calculators, general-purpose computers)

4. There are _____ main parts of a general-purpose computer. (many, five, ten, two)

5. The smaller the computer, the ______ it works.

(more effectively, slower, better, faster)

6. The purpose of output devices is to display _________ .

(nice pictures, diagrams, words, results of calculations)

7. Computers fulfil the tasks much ______ that people.

(cleverer, better, worse, faster)

Exercise 3. Не путайте!

By means of – с помощью, to mean – означать, значить, means – средства

Переведите предложения

1. These means control the computer operation. 2. The abbreviation PC means personal computer. 3. He checks the results by means of calculator.

Exercise 4. Не путайте!

Some – некоторые, несколько, немного, the same – тот же самый, одинаковый

Переведите предложения

1. Some examples of computer hardware are shown in Fig. 4. 2. The arrangement of letter keys on a keyboard is the same as on a typewriter. 3. Modern minicomputers can be more powerful than some of the mainframes still in use. 4. CD-ROM drives use the same technology as music CDs and CD players. 5. Multi-user software allows several users to access the same data at the same time. 6. In some banking systems, the customer keys in his identification number using the phone keys. 7. Ink-jet printers can print text with the same quality as laser printers. 8. Some people prefer command-driven menus. 9. DVDs look the same as CDs. 10. Commands for different software packages are rarely the same. 11. Sound can be annoying to some people so it is best to make sound an option. 12. The operating system takes care of the printing and the word processing at the same time.

Grammar exercises

Exercise 1. Разделите приведенные ниже слова на три группы, определяя по суффиксу часть речи - существительное, прилагательное или наречие. Переведите слова.

Organization, functional, available, equipment, processor, completely, architectural, converter, controller, removable, logical, addition, usually, operation, communication, operator, mainly, arithmetic, development, visible, electronic, necessary, computer, computation, generally, different.

Exercise II. Образуйте (и переведите) имена существительные от приведенных ниже глаголов с помощью суффиксов:

A. -er, -or

То control, to compute, to design, to use, to manufacture, to work, to simulate, to protect, to process, to deal, to perform, to examine, to program, to execute, to transmit, to convert, to print, to consume, to record.

B. -tion, -sion

To organize, to collect, to combine, to apply (ic), to represent, to add, to corporate, to transact, to compute, to produce, to operate, to execute, to protect, to substitute, to prepare, to invent, to decide, to eliminate, to communicate, to correct, to inform.

C. -ment

To require, to measure, to equip, to invest, to accomplish, to improve, to develop, to achieve, to displace, to govern, to move.

Exercise 3. Вспомните значение следующих прилагательных и преобразуйте их в сравнительную и превосходную степени.

A: small, fast, new, long, late, wide, young, easy, great, dull, rich, large, old, broad.

B: frequent, reliable, possible, basic, common, modern, dependent, general, necessary, successful, scientific.

C: good, bad, little, many, far.

Exercise 4. Проанализируйте следующие предложения.

1. A modern plane carries many heavy electronic apparatus.

2. By means of electric processes it finds the answer to a very difficult and complicated problem in a few seconds.

3. The signals go to and for at a very high but almost constant speed.

4. Scientists found that computer made fewer mistakes and could fulfil the tasks much faster than almost any number of people by usual methods

Exercise 5. Переведите предложения:

А) с английского на русский язык

1. He finds the computer at lower costs.

2. The better the engineer knows about the main principles of the computer operation, the better he can control it.

3. A computer makes calculations much easier than people.

4. The programmers try to include as much as possible in one program.

5. The more he knew about the computer, the better he worked on it.

6. Such means make program interface look more attractive to the user.

7. Our engineers introduced one of the most efficient antiviral programs.

8. The larger computer memory you have the more information you will keep in it.

9. There was a single silicon chip less than 1/4 inch square.

В) с русского на английский язык

1. Существует много различных компьютеров.

2. Мышь – это одно из устройств ввода информации.

3. Монитор отражает результаты работы компьютера.

4. Эти миникомпьютеры стоят от 450 до 1000 долларов.

5. Чем меньше компьютер, тем быстрее он работает.

Exercise 6. Вставьте правильную форму глагола "to be" и переведите предложения.

1. There _____ several kinds of computer.

2. There _____ problems with this program yesterday.

3. There ______ special-purpose & general-purpose computers.

4. There _____ very useful data in that file.

5. ______ there many mistakes in this program?

6. There ____ no any all-purpose computing machine.

Exercise 7. Переведите следующие "цепочки существительных".

Computer cost, operation order, control unit, input device, computer factory, data processing system, process control, communication means, computer development, data storage hierarchy, instruction sequence, user file, date resource, computer system unit, computer functions, input unit, communication lines, processing steps, cursor movement, character recognition, output data, storage elements, data transfer, manufacturing process, control function, processing productivity, disk compression, system unit, speaker volume, installation procedure, key combination, menu bar, address cells contents, memory-optimization program, news server name, system optimization utilities, software packages developer, text file transfer, low-radiation screen, high-speed access, personal computer Winchester disk, internal memory capacity, special function keys, left mouse button, the minimum hardware and software requirements, a standard Microsoft two-button mouse, tech support department, pull-down menus.

Exercise 8. Замените следующие выражения цепочками существительных.

Model: systems of a computer => computer systems

Parts of the computer, types of computers, network of the company, consumption of power, keyboard of a computer, buttons of the mouse, reader of optical marks, provider of the Internet, optical recognition of characters, storage of data, languages of low level, developer of software, compression of a file, speed of access, interchange of electronic data, photograph with high resolution, graphics with a high quality, memory with random access, devices for input, programs for translation, packages for general purposes, language for programming, displays on liquid crystals, screen operated by touch, message in a form of a text, processing in the real time.

Exercise 9. Расскажите о компьютере (8-10 предложений).