Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
Huxley, Aldous - Brave New World.doc
Скачиваний:
0
Добавлен:
01.05.2025
Размер:
279.55 Кб
Скачать

7. The pursuit of happiness through drugs

Soma is a drug used by everyone in the brave new world. It calms

people and gets them high at the same time, but without hangovers or

nasty side effects. The rulers of the brave new world had put 2000

pharmacologists and biochemists to work long before the action of

the novel begins; in six years they had perfected the drug. Huxley

believed in the possibility of a drug that would enable people to

escape from themselves and help them achieve knowledge of God, but

he made soma a parody and degradation of that possibility.

-

8. The threat of mindless consumption and mindless diversions

This society offers its members distractions that they must enjoy in

common- never alone- because solitude breeds instability. Huxley

mentions but never explains sports that use complex equipment whose

manufacture keeps the economy rolling- sports called Obstacle Golf and

Centrifugal Bumble-puppy. But the chief emblem of Brave New World is

the Feelies- movies that feature not only sight and sound but also the

sensation of touch, so that when people watch a couple making love

on a bearskin rug, they can feel every hair of the bear on their own

bodies.

-

9. THE DESTRUCTION OF THE FAMILY

The combination of genetic engineering, bottle-birth, and sexual

promiscuity means there is no monogamy, marriage, or family.

"Mother" and "father" are obscene words that may be used

scientifically on rare, carefully chosen occasions to label ancient

sources of psychological problems.

-

10. THE DENIAL OF DEATH

The brave new world insists that death is a natural and not

unpleasant process. There is no old age or visible senility.

Children are conditioned at hospitals for the dying and given sweets

to eat when they hear of death occurring. This conditioning does

not- as it might- prepare people to cope with the death of a loved one

or with their own mortality. It eliminates the painful emotions of

grief and loss, and the spiritual significance of death, which

Huxley made increasingly important in his later novels.

-

11. THE OPPRESSION OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

Some characters in Brave New World differ from the norm. Bernard

is small for an Alpha and fond of solitude; Helmholtz, though

seemingly "every centimetre an Alpha-Plus," knows he is too

intelligent for the work he performs; John the Savage, genetically a

member of the World State, has never been properly conditioned to

become a citizen of it. Even the Controller, Mustapha Mond, stands

apart because of his leadership abilities. Yet in each case these

differences are crushed: Bernard and Helmholtz are exiled; John

commits suicide; and the Mond stifles his own individuality in

exchange for the power he wields as Controller. What does this say

about Huxley's Utopia?

-

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]