- •Страноведение великобритании и сша учебно-методический комплекс для студентов специальностей
- •Часть 2
- •Contents введение
- •Темы, выносимые на самостоятельное изучение
- •Учебно-методические материалы по дисциплине
- •Chapter I the geographical position and physical features of the british isles lecture 1
- •Vegetation
- •It’s Interesting to Know Facts in brief
- •The us National Flag
- •Progress Questions
- •Seminar 1 The Geographical Position and Physical Features of the usa
- •Chapter II the population of the usa lecture 2
- •It’s Interesting to Know
- •Progress Questions
- •Progress Assignment
- •Seminar 2 The Population of the United States of America
- •It’s Interesting to Know
- •Progress Questions
- •Chapter IV american schooling lecture 4
- •It’s Interesting to Know
- •Progress Questions
- •Chapter V the political system lecture 5
- •It’s Interesting to Know
- •Progress Questions
- •Seminar 5 The Political System
- •Chapter VI short survey of the united states economy lecture 6
- •International Trade
- •It’s Interesting to Know
- •Progress Questions
- •Seminar 6 a Short Survey of the United States Economy
- •Project
- •Chapter VII lifestyles lecture 7
- •It’s Interesting to Know
- •Progress Questions
- •Seminar 7 Lifestyles
- •Final test
- •I. Fill in the blanks with the correct word:
- •II. Complete the sentence with the best answer (a, b, c):
- •III. Are the statements true or false? Correct the false sentences to make them true:
III. Are the statements true or false? Correct the false sentences to make them true:
1. Constitutional qualifications for the Presidency are: the President must be at least 30 years old, a resident of the country for at least 12 years and a national born citizen.
2. Forests cover more than 30 percent of the United States.
3. During one term or semester a student will study or five different subjects.
4. The share of service industries in the USA GDP is less than that of manufacturing.
5. The presidential term of four years begins in November, immediately after the election.
6. The first major defeat of the British army under General John Burgoyne in the War of Independence took place at Saratoga.
7. Every child in the USA is guaranteed up to 13 years of education.
8. The United States is constitutional monarchy consisting of 50 states and the District of Columbia.
9. New Mexico was bought from France in 1845.
10. The most famous salty lakes of the USA are the Great Salt Lake, in Utah, and the Salton Sea, in Southern California.
11. Hawaii is located in arid zone, but its climate is comfortable because of the ocean currents and the north-east winds.
12. The Democratic Party which formed in 1854 supported slavery.
13. In total resources of uranium the United States is after the South African Republic and Canada.
14. April 12, 1861 marked the end of the Civil War, when local South Carolina troops opened fire on the USA military base of Fort Sumter.
15. A high school ‘unit’ is equal to about 120 hours of classes in one subject.
16. Independence Day is observed in July, and is marked by parades and flying of flags all over the country.
17. The ‘Boston Tea Party’ was a friendly reception given by the English merchants to the citizens of Boston.
18. Until about 1880 most immigrants came from northern and western Europe.
19. Representatives of many nationalities and ethnic groups took part in the formation of the American nation and it is an extremely unique and complicated product.
20. The central part of the Great North-American Plateau – the Great Basin – is a semi-desert area.
21. After the war with Mexico for California and the South-West in 1848, the USA won California, Utah, Nevada, and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Wyoming and Colorado.
22. English is the ‘official’ national language of the United States.
23. The American colonies were not angered by the Stamp Act (1765) because the tax stamps were not expensive.
24. The technical training institution is intended for high school graduates to learn different technical skills and trades necessary for industry and to receive the degrees of Bachelor of Arts, or the science.
25. The United States has possession of various territories in the North Sea and the Pacific Ocean.
26. The principal reason today for population movement is the growth of new industries, especially in the West and South.
27. Almost all elections in the United States follow the ‘winner-take-all’ principle, thus the candidate who wins 50% plus one vote in a state is supposed to get all of that state’s electoral voters.
28. More than half of the population is concentrated in the agricultural Northeast and the density of population here is very high.
29. The Appalachian Mountains divide the country into two parts – the East and the West.
30. High school students in the USA are those young people who attend universities.
31. Under the USA Constitution, the Department of Education has power to make laws in the field of education.
32. The Indians began to fight against the white settlers because the whites took the land of the Indians.
33. Leif Ericson, a Viking raider, discovered North America 50 years before Columbus.
34. Between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario, on the Niagara River, which links the two lakes, are the powerful Niagara Falls, precipitating from a height of almost 50 meters.
35. The House of Representatives and the Senate may not reject each other’s bills. The Senate also confirms the President’s judicial appointments.
36. In December 1860 South Carolina left the American Union and it was joined by 15 southern and northern states.
37. The second Sunday in May is known as Mother’s Day and the third Sunday in June is called Children’s Day.
38. The West of the USA is under the powerful Cordillera Mountain System, and the Rockies are part of this system.
39. The Great Lakes make up the Largest group of lakes in the country, as well as the greatest collection of fresh-water lakes in the world.
40. In the United States the usual requirements for high school graduation are finals in all subjects taught at school.
41. The USA is situated in central North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the South, the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Pacific Ocean to the east.
42. The federal government is responsible not only for matters concerning the country as a whole but also for matters of each state.
43. Many of the currently grown industries are among ‘high-tech’ industries which tend to be highly automated and thus to need fewer workers. As a result the proportion of American workers employed in service industries has declined.
APPENDIX |
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States of the United States of America |
|||||||
Number |
State |
Official and Postal Abbreviations |
Year of State- hood |
Area (sq.ml) |
Nickname |
Capital |
Representatives in Congress (1987) |
1 |
Delaware [ˈdelqweq] |
Del., DE |
1787 |
2,060 |
The First State |
Dover |
1 |
2 |
Pennsylvania [ˌpensqlˈveInIq] |
Pa., PA |
1787 |
45,335 |
The Keystone State |
Harrisburg |
23 |
3 |
New Jersey [njHˈdZLzI] |
NJ |
1787 |
7,835 |
The Garden State |
Trenton |
14 |
4 |
Georgia [ˈdZLdZq] |
Ga., GA |
1788 |
58,875 |
The Empire State of the South |
Atlanta |
10 |
5 |
Connecticut [kqˈnetIkqt] |
Conn., CT |
1788 |
5,010 |
The Constitution State |
Hartford |
6 |
6 |
Massachusetts [ˌmxsqˈtSHsIts] |
Mass., MA |
1788 |
8,260 |
The Bay State |
Boston |
11 |
7 |
Maryland [ˈmeqrIlqnd] |
Md., MD |
1788 |
10,580 |
The Old Line State |
Annapolis |
8 |
8 |
South Carolina [saVˌkxrqˈlaInq] |
SC |
1788 |
31,055 |
The Palmetto State |
Columbia |
6 |
9 |
New Hampshire [njHˈhxmpSq] |
NH |
1788 |
9,305 |
The Granite State |
Concord |
2 |
10 |
Virginia [vqˈdZInIq] |
Va., VA |
1788 |
40,815 |
The Old Dominion |
Richmond |
10 |
11 |
New York [ˌnjHˈjLk] |
NY |
1788 |
49,575 |
The Empire State |
Albany |
34 |
12 |
North Carolina [nLTˌkxrqˈlaInq] |
NC |
1789 |
52,585 |
The Tar Heel State |
Raleigh |
11 |
13 |
Rhode Island [ˈrqVdaIlqnd] |
RI |
1790 |
1,215 |
Little Rhody |
Providence |
2 |
14 |
Vermont [vqˈment] |
Vt., VT |
1791 |
9,610 |
The Green Mountain State |
Montpelier |
1 |
15 |
Kentucky [kenˈtAkI] |
Ky., KY |
1792 |
40,410T |
The Bluegrass State |
Frankfort |
7 |
16 |
Tennessee [ˌtenqˈsJ] |
Tenn., TN |
1796 |
42,245 |
The Volunteer State |
Nashville |
9 |
17 |
Ohio [qVˈhaIqV] |
OH |
1803 |
41,220 |
The Buckeye State |
Columbus |
21 |
18 |
Louisiana [luˌJzIˈxnq] |
La., LA |
1812 |
48,520 |
The Pelican State |
Baton Rouge |
8 |
19 |
Indiana [ˌIndIˈ xnq] |
Ind., IN |
1816 |
36,290 |
The Hoosier State |
Indianapolis |
10 |
20 |
Mississippi [ˌmISIˈsIpI] |
Miss., MS |
1817 |
47,715 |
The Magnolia State |
Jackson |
5 |
21 |
Illinois [ˌIlqˈnOI] |
Ill., IL |
1818 |
56,400 |
The Prairie State |
Springfield |
22 |
22 |
Alabama [ˌxlqˈbxmq] |
Ala, AL |
1819 |
51,610 |
The Heart of Dixie |
Montgomery |
7 |
23 |
Maine [ˈmeIn] |
Me., ME |
1820 |
33,215 |
The Pine Tree State |
Augusta |
2 |
24 |
Missouri [mIˈzVqrI] |
Mo., MO |
1821 |
69,690 |
The Show Me State |
Jefferson City |
9 |
25 |
Arkansas [ˈRkqnsL] |
Ark., AR |
1836 |
53,105 |
The Land of Opportunity |
Little Rock |
4 |
26 |
Michigan [ˈmISIgqn] |
Mich., MI |
1837 |
58,215 |
The Wolverine State |
Lansing |
18 |
27 |
Florida [ˈflOrIdq] |
Fla., FL |
1845 |
58,560 |
The Sunshine State |
Tallahassee |
19 |
28 |
Texas [ˈteksqs] |
Tex., TX |
1845 |
267,340 |
The Lone Star State |
Austin |
27 |
29 |
Iowa [ˈaIqVq] |
Ia., IA |
1846 |
56,290 |
The Hawkeye State |
Des Moines |
6 |
30 |
Wisconsin [wIˈakOnsIn] |
Wis., WI |
1848 |
56,155 |
The Badger State |
Madison |
9 |
31 |
California [kxlqˈfLnIq] |
Calif., CA |
1850 |
158,695 |
The Golden State |
Sacramento |
45 |
32 |
Minnesota [ˌmInIˈsqVtq] |
Minn., MN |
1858 |
84,070 |
The North Star State |
Saint Paul |
8 |
33 |
Oregon [ˈPrIgqn] |
Oreg., OR |
1859 |
96,980 |
The Beaver State |
Salem |
5 |
34 |
Kansas [ˈkxnzqs] |
Kan., KS |
1861 |
82,265 |
The Sunflower State |
Topeka |
5 |
35 |
West Virginia [westvqˈdZInIq] |
W.Va., WV |
1863 |
24,180 |
The Mountain State |
Charleston |
4 |
36 |
Nevada [nIˈvRdq] |
Nev., NV |
1864 |
110,540 |
The Silver State |
Carson City |
2 |
37 |
Nebraska [nqˈbrxskq] |
Nebr., NB |
1867 |
77,230 |
The Cornhusker State |
Lincoln |
3 |
38 |
Colorado [kPlqˈrRdqV], [kRlqˈrxdqV] |
Col., CO |
1876 |
104,250 |
The Centennial State |
Denver |
6 |
39 |
North Dakota [nO:TdqˈkqVtq] |
N.Dak., ND |
1889 |
70,665 |
The Sioux State |
Bismarck |
1 |
40 |
South Dakota [saVTdqˈkqVtq] |
S.Dak., SD |
1990 |
77,045 |
The Coyote State |
Pierre |
1 |
41 |
Montana [mOnˈtxnq] |
Mont., MT |
1889 |
147,140 |
The Treasure State |
Helena |
2 |
42 |
Washington [ˈwPSINtqn] |
Wash., WA |
1889 |
68,190 |
The Evergreen State |
Olympia |
8 |
43 |
Idaho [ˈaIdqhqV] |
ID |
1890 |
83,560 |
The Gem State |
Boise |
2 |
44 |
Wyoming [waIˈqVmIN] |
Wyo., WY |
1890 |
97,915 |
The Equality State |
Cheyenne |
1 |
45 |
Utah [ˈju:tR] |
UT |
1896 |
84,915 |
The Beehive State |
Salt Lake City |
3 |
46 |
Oklahoma [ˌqVklqˈhqVmq] |
Okla., OK |
1907 |
69,920 |
The Sooner State |
Oklahoma City |
6 |
47 |
New Mexico [nju:ˈmeksIkqV] |
N.Mex., NM |
1912 |
121,665 |
The Land of Enchantment |
Santa Fe |
3 |
48 |
Arizona [ˌxrIˈzqVnq] |
Ariz., AR |
1912 |
113,910 |
The Grand Canyon State |
Phoenix |
5 |
49 |
Alaska [qˈlxskq] |
Alas., AK |
1959 |
586,410 |
The Last Frontier |
Juneau |
1 |
50 |
Hawaii [hqˈwaII] |
HI |
1959 |
6,450 |
The Aloha State |
Honolulu |
2 |