8. Complex methods of a paragraph development: Contrast

The purpose of contrast in paragraph development. Bases of contrast. Combined contrast and comparison. Combination of contrast and simple methods of paragraph development.

One may be tall the other short, one may be generous, the other selfish.

The main purpose of contrast is to show the difference between subjects which are discussed.

In a paragraph of contrast only those materials that show the differences, the dissimilarities should be include. The paragraph is a need of a basis of contrast and a specific dominant quality, point or idea to give the unity to the paragraph. The contrasted sense should be belong to the same class and be capable to being contrasted.

Combined comparison and contrast when you use it for good coherence you should use some words, phrase or sentence that show your transition from one to another.

Detail, illustration and reason are also used to develop a paragraph of contrast. They help to show the contrast more exactly, prominent and detailed.

The author can express the contrasting elements in one sentence, in several alternate sentences or in a group of sentences.

The method of contrast is often affective in presenting characteristics that reflect two sides of the conflict.

Combined comparison and contrast when you use it for good coherence you should use some words, phrase or sentence that show your transition from one to another.

Можно сказать больше, позаимствовав информацию из 22 билета.

9. Unity as a component of a paragraph.

Basic characteristics of a unified paragraph. Attributes of the paragraph unity. The topic sentence and the paragraph unity. Major and minor supports of the controlling idea.

Good paragraph should have unity and coherence. A paragraph is coherent when all it’s parts are so arranged that their relationship is clear to the reader. So unity is the 1^st requirement of a good paragraph.

Unity in the paragraph is essential for good writing. It calls for clear thinking and a definite plan of organization. To make sure your paragraphs are united you should begin each paragraph with a topic sentence that starts the controlling idea. All your major supporting statements should go directly back to the controlling idea. All minor supports should give additional explanation to the major statements and the controlling idea at the same time. Using the test word “because” properly you can achieve unity of the paragraph. If the topic sentence has a compound controlling idea you must develop each part according to the principles of unity.

Major support statements – direct and definite statements which describe the controlling idea in the topic sentence.

A sentence containing facts, examples or other evidence that clarifies or explains the meaning of a major supporting sentence is called the minor supporting sentence.

A unified series of statements requires clear thinking and checking an each step in the developing of the thought. When you prepared to write a paragraph you must decide if the development of the center thought requires only a series of major statement or weather if it require minor supporting material as well. Every major supporting statement in the paragraph should be a direct and definite explanation of the controlling idea started in the topic sentence. Every minor supporting statement should explain its major statement in terms of the controlling idea.