- •Theme 1. Topic and Tasks of Physiology. Methods of physiological investigations.
- •Theme 2. The Main Stages of Physiology Development (isw)
- •Contents of submodule 2 Physiology of the excitable tissues.
- •Theme 3. Studying of electric effects in excitable tissues. Membran potentials (mp), action potentials (ap).
- •Theme 4. Investigation of electric irritation methods of neural and muscular fibers.
- •Theme 5. Studying of excitement conduction through neural and muscular fibers
- •Theme 6. Neuromuscular synapse. Neuromuscular transmission.
- •Theme 7. Studying of muscular contraction mechanism.
- •Theme 8. Practical abilities: «The general physiology of excitable tissues»
- •Contents of submodule 3: Neural regulation of physiological functions.
- •Theme 9: Neural regulation of physiological functions. The outlines (schemes) of the biological regulation.
- •Theme 10. Reflex principle of cns activity
- •Theme 11. Synapses of thу Central Nervous System. Processes of excitation and inhibition in the cns. Questions for Speech and Test Control.
- •Contents of submodule 4.
- •Theme 12. The investigation of the spinal cord and medulla oblongata
- •Theme 13: The investigation of midbrain, reticular formation, in physiologic functions regulation
- •Theme 14. The investigation of cerebellum, basal gangles, in physiologic functions regulation
- •Theme 15. The investigation thalamus, limbic system and hemisphere cortex in physiologic functions regulation
- •Theme 16. Practical abilities: “Central Neural System”.
- •Contents of submodule 5. Theme 17-18. The investigation of autonomic neural system functions
- •Curriculum of the Practical Studies
- •Contents of Submodul 6. Hormone Regulation of physiological functions of the organism.
- •Theme 19 Hormone Regulation of physiological functions of the organism.
- •Theme 20. Physiological functions of hypophysis, epiphysis, thymus, pancreas, suprarenal glands, thyroid gland and parathyroid glands.
- •Theme 21. The role of the hormones in Regulating the Homeostasis.
- •Theme 22. The role of the Hormones in Regulating the organism Adaptation.
- •Theme (lsw) The role of the Hormones in Regulating the Sexual Functions.
- •Theme 23 Practical abilities:” Neuro-endocrine regulation”
- •Highest integrative functions The submodule 7 physiology of sensory systems
- •The submodule 8.
- •The inclusive module 9.
- •The inclusive module 10.
- •Practical abilities of Module 1
- •The List of Questions to the 1st Module Control
Theme 10. Reflex principle of cns activity
Questions for Speech and Test Control.
The notion about the nervous centre. The classification of the nervous centers their characteristics.
Summation of the excitation and inhibition in the nervous centers spatial and temporal summation.
Phenomenon of the posttetany potentiation, transformation of rhythm in the nervous centers.
The influence of the unfavorable factors (hypoxia, nicotine, narcotic substances) on the nervous centers activity.
Principles of convergense, divergence, induction, dominant, determinant.
Questions for written Answers:
List characteristics of the nervous centers.
Describe the principles of convergense, divergence, induction, dominant, determinant, potentiation.
Draw the schemes of the spatial and the temporal summation of the excitation in the nervous centre.
Curriculum of the Practical Studies
Investigating the phenomena of summation in the nervous centers of the spinal cord of a frog.
Theme 11. Synapses of thу Central Nervous System. Processes of excitation and inhibition in the cns. Questions for Speech and Test Control.
Synapses, their classification, structure functions and mechanisms of transmission of information.
Exciting synapses, their neuromediators, cytoreceptors, exiting postsynaptic potential (EPSP), its parameters and physiologic role.
Processes of the excitation in the CNS, the tension of the nervous centers and mechanisms of its origin and maintenance, the dependence of the excitation force on the inhibition force, consequence and its mechanisms.
Summation of the excitation and inhibition in the nervous centers spatial and temporal summation.
Inhibition in the CNS, species and mechanisms of the central inhibition, the work of I. M. Sechenov about the central inhibition.
Inhibitory synapses, their mediators. Mechanisms of postsynaptic inhibition, inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) and mechanisms of presynaptic inhibition.
Neuromediators (acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, glycine, GAMK, Glutamine serotonin, oxid of nitrogen)
Neuromodulators (neuropeptides, neurosteroids).
The notion about the nervous centre. The classification of the nervous centers their characteristics.
Symptoms of fatigue of the posttetany potentiality, transformation of rhythm in the nervous centers.
The influence of the unfavorable factors (hypoxia, nicotine, narcotic substances) on the nervous centers activity.
Questions for written Answers:
Name the typical synapses to the place of the neurons contact to the mechanism of the excitation transmission and to the function.
Draw the nervous synapse and name its parts and physiologic significance.
Draw the scheme of EPSP and explain the mechanism of its origin.
Draw the scheme of IPSP and explain the mechanism of its origin in the postsynaptic inhibitory synapse.
Draw the changes of the membranous potential of the postsynaptic membrane in presynaptic inhibition and explain its origin.
Name the characteristics of the nervous centers.
Draw the schemes of the spatial and the temporal summation of the excitation in the CNS.
Draw the schemes of developing the presynaptic and postsynaptic inhibition.
Draw the scheme of the recurrent, reciprocal and lateral inhibition.