The submodule 8.

PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF BEHAVIOUR

Specific Aims:

1. To explain the physiological fundamentals of research methods of highest nervous activity (HNA): formation, preservation and inhibition of conditional reflexes; an irritation and damage of structures of a anterial brain, that participate in highest integrative functions of the CNS; registration of induced potentials at EEG.

2. To explain mechanisms of origin of biological needs and motivations and their role in shaping of the inherent and bought forms of behaviour of an organism.

3. To analyze the adjustable parameters of homeostasis and to explain a structure of a total behavior act (functional system of a behavior)

4. To explain the mechanisms of shaping emotions, their role in behavioural responses of an organism according to physiological criterions of emotions.

5. To analyze the age features of highest nervous activity (behavioural responses) of an organism.

6. To explain the properties of nervous processes of excitation and inhibition, that stipulate a type of a nervous system (force, steadiness and mobility).

Theme 28. HIGHEST NERVOUS ACTIVITY (HNA). PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF BEHAVIOUR.

Questions to oral and test answers:

1. Concept about highest nervous activity (HNA), methods of it research. The thesis by I.M. Sechenov, I.P. Pavlov in development of scientific HNA researches.

2. Physiological fundamentals of behaviour. Needs and motivations, their physiological mechanisms, their role in shaping of behaviour.

3. Inherent (unconditional) forms of behaviour. Instincts, their significance for adaptational activity of an organism.

4. Bought (conditional) forms of behaviour, their significance for adaptational activity of an organism. Rules of formation of conditional reflexes (I.P. Pavlov).

5. Inhibition of conditional reflexes. Types and significance of inhibition.

6. Emotions their types, mechanisms of shaping, biological role. The theories of emotions.

7. Motivation and emotions.

Questions to written preparation:

1. Write a classification of conditional reflexes.

2. Draw the scheme of formation of temporary neural connection.

3. Draw the scheme of inhibition of highest nervous activity.

4. Draw the scheme of emotions spreading in an organism.

5. Write a classification of motivations.

The inclusive module 9.

HIGHEST NERVOUS ACTIVITY OF THE PERSON

Specific Aims:

1. To explain mechanisms of integrative activity using of analysis of a role of different structures new cortex of head brain.

2. To explain the mechanisms of integrative activity of new cortex in shaping of language at the person and to evaluate it a condition to physiological criterions.

3. To explain the physiological fundamentals methods of a research of a nervous system of a person.

4. To explain mechanisms of integrative activity of a head brain, that stipulate processes of consciousness, thinking, sleep and it types.

THEME 29. FEATURES HNA OF THE PERSON.

Questions to oral and test answers:

1. Functions of new cortex of head brain and highest nervous activity (HNA) of the person.

2. Functional assymmetry of the cortex large hemispheres, concept of a dominant hemisphere, function of undominant hemisphere, interaction of hemispheres.

3. Function of speech. Physiological fundamentals of it formation. Age aspects of HNA at the person.

4. Types of HNA, their classification, physiological fundamentals, and methods of a research. A role of education.

5. Thinking. A role of brain structures during thinking. Consciousness.

Questions to written preparation:

1. List and give performance of phase condition in activity of cortex of head brain.

2. List all properties of nervous processes, that determine of HNA.

3. Give a classification of HNA types according to Hippocratus and I.P.Pavlov.

4. List of speech functions.

Practical work:

1. Research typological and individual features of the person.

2. Determination the art and thinking type of the people using the testing.

Theme 30. MEMORY, TYPES, MECHANISMS OF FORMATION. A PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF PEPTIDES IN REGULATION MEMORY (A.A.SHANDRA, L.S.GODLEVSKY).

Questions to oral and test answers:

1. Memory and it significance in formation of the adaptation responses.

2. Types of memory. Sensory memory. Short-term and long-term memory.

3. Modern theories of the memory mechanisms.

4. Neurotransmitters mechanisms of memory.

5. Subneuronal interaction during reminder.

6. Role of each structures of a brain in reminder processes and reproduction of an information.

7. Memory and forgetting.

8. A.A.Shandra´s and L.S.Godlevsky´s thesis about study of neuropeptids effects.

Questions to written preparation:

1. Describe the mechanisms of memory.

2. Describe the types of memory.

3. Explain concept «a brain means of memory».

4. Describe violations of memory.

5. Describe mechanisms of short-term and long-term memory.

б. List the neurotransmitters, that improve processes of memory.

Practical work:

1. Study of types of memory at the person.