The influence of coal-bearing series geodynamical zones on forming geoecological situation during mine abandonment

Zaborin M.S.

Donetsk National Technical University, Donetsk, Ukraine

mikhail.zaborin@gmail.com

Accurate prediction of the influence of abandoned mines on geoecological formation is one of the most important issues not only for the Ukrainian part of Donbas, but for all coal mining regions. As result the search of new approaches, is an overriding task. These approaches, with minimal expense, will enable reliable forecasting of underground waters' dynamic, as well as the processes associated with it.

Accurately predicting the influence of abandoned mines on geoecology, e.g., underground water-dynamics, is a major issue for all coal mining regions including the Ukrainian part of Donbas. Search for new low-cost approaches for reliable forecast of underground water-dynamics as well as the processes associated with it, can improve our prediction strength and understanding of geoecologic influence of abandoned mines.

This research paper is dedicated to the estimation of the influence of geodynamical zones (further - GDZ) on the dynamic of underflooding processes. Research was done within the boundaries of abandoned mines of the Bryankovskaya group, which are situated in the Almazno-Mar’evskiy coal area of Donbas (Lugansk region).

GDZ factor of estimation was selected because of following reasons:

- steep dipping occurrence of joints cause artesian character of carbonic deposits aquifers;

- area of studying is open in hydrogeologically case;

- medium level of coal (black and crozzling ranks) and coal-bearing formation metamorphism expects healing of cavities of different etiology mudstones and siltstones in conditions of inundation of massif;

- renovation of cleavage within GDZ cause their high drainage properties providing excellent scopes for water migration outside of aquifers and mine excavations.

The geodynamic structure of the area studied has been determined by interpretation of satellite images as well as with the help of the field geological and geophysical methods. The drainage properties and degree of the marked GDZ's activity were estimated according to the results of the reconstruction of the tectonic deformations fields as well as of the alpine cycle stresses.

Our research shows that the most active are GDZ with sublatitudinal, submeridional and diagonal (north-east 45^о) orientation. The highest drainage properties have structures with a north-west 340^o orientation; also, ruptures are joined with bulky crusts. The marked structures with north-east 10-45^o, 60-75^o, 310-320^o are defined as “semi-permeable”, with sublatitudinal and north-west 310-320^o as “low-permeable” [1]. Received regularities are proved by results of geophysical and geological surveys. [2].

Data about GDZ extension, their drainage properties, and degree of anthropogenic disturbance of rock massif were correlated with real configuration of underflooding and swamping process dynamics.

It is established, that in more than 70 % of episodes, such processes are controlled by geodynamical rock massif structures.

Thereby scale and dynamic of their occurrence are caused by water permeability, which are features of structure and size of GDZ. Longstanding underflooding of earth surface, which is not related to the season level's fluctuations, and hydrochemicals anomalies are determined by underlying artesian aquifers in water-permeable crusts. The largest underflooding fields are connected with structures, which have sustained the biggest extending strains, and to places of crossing upthrusts [3]. Almost complete absence of underflooding can be observed within the fields controlled by faults with low water permeability. Underflooding in the limits of the aquifers’ outcrops has a small area and are bounded by width of hydrophilic rocks. Anthropogenic disturbance of rock massif, according to results of surveying, do not influence on dynamic of underflooding and swamping processes [4].

Complex studying of geodynamic structure, anthropogenic disturbance of rock massif, enables us to differentiate exploring fields by intensity and character of underflooding and swamping processes. Such methodology will increase the forecast’s reliability of dynamic of geoecological situations and the efficiency of protective measures within the limits of abandoned mines

References:

1. Заборин М.С. Проницаемость геодинамических зон в пределах поля шахты «Брянковская» / М.С. Заборин, В.А. Корчемагин, И.К. Решетов [и др.] // Вісник ХНУ ім. В.Н. Каразіна : серія «Геологія, географія, екологія». – 2009. – №864 – С. 39-46.

1. 2.Заборин М.С. Геофизическая идентификация водопроницаемости геодинамических зон на шахтном поле / М.С. Заборин, Л.А. Иванов, А.В. Савченко [и др.] // Науковий вісник НГУ. – 2009. – №2. – С. 65-71.

2. Заборін М.С. Геодинаміка та підтоплення грунтовими водами при ліквідації шахт / М.С. Заборін // Вісник КНУ ім. Тараса Шевченка : серія «Геологія». – 2009. – вип. 46. – С. 53-55.

3. Заборин М.С. Техногенные изменения горного массива на участке поля ликвидированной шахты «Брянковская» / Ю.Н. Гавриленко, В.И. Филатов, М.С. Заборин. // Вісті Донецького гірничого інституту. – 2008. – №1. – С. 156-160.