Тема 5. Units 7-14. Consonants

Choose a group of letters that never represent the sound /S/.

ci, s, xi, ss

ti, s, xi, ch

sci, tion, xi, sh

*z, zi, st, zsi

Identify a set of letters that don’t represent the sound /Z/.

*zi, tsi, se

s, si, z

ti, z, si

ge, ti, z

How are the suffixes -s and -es pronounced?

/s/ – after all vowels and unvoiced consonants except /s/ and /S/;

/z/ – after all voiced consonants except /z/ and /Z/;

/Iz/ – after /s/, /z/, /S/, and /Z/.

/s/ – after all voiced consonants except /s/, /z/ and /S/;

/z/ – after all unvoiced consonants except /s/, /Z/ and /tS/;

/Iz/ – after /s/, /z/, /S/, /tS/ and /Z/.

*/s/ – after all unvoiced consonants except /s/, /S/ and /tS/;

/z/ – after all vowels and voiced consonants except /z/, /Z/ and /dZ/;

/Iz/ – after /s/, /z/, /S/, /Z/, /tS/ and /dZ/.

/s/ – after all vowels and voiced consonants except /s/ and /S/;

/z/ – after all unvoiced consonants except /z/ and /Z/;

/Iz/ – after /s/, /z/, /S/, and /Z/.

What is the spelling of /j9s/?

*use (noun)

use (verb)

use (verb and noun)

We pronounce neither verb nor noun this way.

What’s the transcription of the word chalet?

/Sq¢let/

*/¢S1leI/

/¢S1lqt/

/Sq¢leIt/

What’s the transcription of the word anxious?

*/′1NkSqs/

/qN′ksIqs/

/′1NksIqs/

/′eNkSqs/

Choose the correct transcription of the word leisure.

/′laIzqr/

/lI′S46/

*/′lJZqr/

/′leIZqr/

Choose the correct transcription of the word use (noun).

*/j9s/

/j9z/

/j4s/

/j4z/

Choose the correct articulation for the sound /Z/.

Raise the back part of the tongue toward the hard palate (roof) and press the sides of the tongue against the upper side teeth. Round our lips slightly. The air goes under the tongue and through the teeth. The vocal cords vibrate.

*Raise the front part of the tongue toward the hard palate (roof) and press the sides of the tongue against the upper side teeth. Round our lips slightly. The air goes over the tongue and through the teeth. The vocal cords vibrate.

Raise the front part of the tongue toward the hard palate (roof) and press the sides of the tongue against the upper side teeth. Spread our lips widely. The air goes under the tongue and through the teeth. The vocal cords do not vibrate.

Raise the back part of the tongue toward the hard palate (roof) and press the sides of the tongue against the upper side teeth. Round our lips slightly. The air goes over the tongue and through the teeth. The vocal cords do not vibrate.

In what cases is the letter s pronounced as the sound /z/?

before voiced consonants; at the end of the word, after voiced vowels; between vowels and consonants

*at the end of the word, after voiced consonants and vowels; between vowels; before voiced consonants

between vowels; at the end of the word, after any consonants and vowels; before unvoiced consonants or l, m, n

at the end of the word, after voiceless consonants or l, m, n and vowels; between vowels; before voiced consonants

Choose a group of letters that never represent the sound /s/.

ci, zz (between vowels), cc, x

*x (followed by a vowel with the stress on the second syllable), ze, sh, s (between vowels)

ce, s (before voiced consonants), sc, cc, x

x, zi, s (before unvoiced consonants), zsi

What should a speaker do to pronounce the sound /T/?

A speaker should clench the tongue tip between his teeth and force air out through the opening between them. Vocal cords vibrate. The sound is voiced.

A speaker should press the front part of the tongue against the gum ridge and force air out. Vocal cords do not vibrate. The sound is unvoiced.

*A speaker should clench his tongue tip between his teeth and force air out through the opening between them. Vocal cords don’t vibrate. The sound is voiceless.

A speaker should press the back part of the tongue against the hard palate and force air out through the opening between the tongue and roof. Vocal cords vibrate. The sound is voiced.

What sound does this articulation refer to?

Lightly place your tongue tip between your upper and lower front teeth (not between your lips).

Produce the sound by forcing air out through the opening between your teeth and tongue. Vocal cords don’t vibrate. The sound is voiceless.

/f/

/v/

*/T/

/D/

Identify the way the sound /D/ is produced.

Air flows out through the opening between your tongue and teeth without stopping. But the tongue tip must not be pressed between your teeth.

Air stops. You keep the tip of the tongue between your teeth.

Air stops or escapes with a puff (It depends on a speaker!). You keep the tip of the tongue between your teeth to make it voiced.

*Air flows out through the opening between your tongue and teeth without stopping.

You place your tongue tip between the teeth.

What sound does this articulation refer to?

Lightly place your tongue tip between your upper and lower front teeth (not between your lips).

Produce the sound by forcing air out through the opening between your teeth and tongue. Your vocal cords should vibrate.

/f/

/v/

/T/

*/D/

What do you do for the production of /7/?

*You press your tongue tip to the gum ridge, then drop the tip quickly and let the air rush out.

The tongue is relaxed as this sound is unvoiced. You just force the air out over the tongue.

You place your tongue tip close to the gum ridge but don’t touch it, then drop the tip quickly and let the air rush out.

Press the tip of the tongue against the gum ridge. Then lower it and force the air out over the tongue. Make your vocal cords vibrate.

What sound does this articulation refer to?

First, press the tip of your tongue against your gum ridge. This stops the flow of air.

Then lower the tip of your tongue quickly, keeping the sides of your tongue pressed against the upper side teeth and forcing the air out over the tongue.

Round your lips slightly.

Your vocal cords do not vibrate.

*/7/

/8/

/t/

/S/

What should be done for the correct pronunciation of the sound /8/?

Press the front part of the tongue against your gum ridge. Then lower it and force the air out over the tongue. Don’t round your lips. Your vocal cords must vibrate.

*Press the tip of the tongue against your gum ridge. Then lower it and force the air out over the tongue. Round your lips slightly. Your vocal cords must vibrate.

Press the back part of the tongue against your gum ridge. Then lower it and force the air out over the tongue. Round your lips slightly. Your vocal cords must not vibrate.

Press the tip of the tongue against your gum ridge. Then lower it and force the air out over the tongue. Don’t round your lips. Your vocal cords must not vibrate.

What sound does this articulation refer to?

First, press the tip of your tongue against your gum ridge. This stops the flow of air.

Then lower the tip of your tongue quickly, keeping the sides of your tongue pressed against the upper side teeth and forcing the air out over the tongue.

Round your lips slightly.

Your vocal cords should vibrate.

/7/

*/8/

/Z/

/S/

Choose a set of words in which every word has a silent letter.

corps, island, debt, ballet, understand, listen, castle

*psychology, receipt, handkerchief, knight, mortgage, doubt, island

castle, often, climb, twenty, listen, ballet, handsome

restaurant, sandwich, bomb, Wednesday, knit, know, mustn’t

Choose a set of words in which every word has a silent letter.

*thumb, sword, muscle, subtle, knock, whistle, knitted

lamb, whistle, lamp, thumb, knowledge, pneumonia, debt

lamb, corps, bombing, Wednesday, interview, know, listen

listen, climber, debt, Christmas, lamb, succeed, written

Choose the correct transcription of the word hisses

/′hIzqz/

/′hIsqz/

/′hIzIz/

*/′hIsIz/

What letters is the sound /T/ spelled with?

th (mostly in content words), the (usually in form words)

*th (mostly in content words)

th (mostly in form words)

th, fh

What letters is the sound /D/ spelled with?

th (in form words), (nouns and verbs), (between two vowels in pronouns)

*th (mostly in form words), (in content words in intervocalic position), (pronouns)

th (usually in content words), (nouns and adjectives), (between two vowels)

th (mostly in form words), (verbs and adjectives), (in intervocalic position)

Which set of letters represent the sound /7/?

*tch, ch, t (before u), ti (after s)

ch, tch, t (before u or i), ti (after c)

tch, ch, che, t (before i), ti (after c)

tch, ch, te (after u), ti (after s)

Choose the answer that includes correct rules only for the sounds /7/, /8/ and /T/.

/7/ – chu, tch, t (before u or i);

/8/ – de, jje, g, ge, dj, d (before u)

/T/ – th (mostly in content words)

/7/ – che, tch, t (before i);

/8/ – dge, j, g, gg, ge, dj, d (before i)

/T/ – th (mostly in form words)

*/7/ – tch, ch, t (before u);

/8/ –j, g, ge, dge, dj, d (before u or i)

/T/ – th (mostly in content words)

/7/ – ch, tche, t (before s);

/8/ – de, j, g gg, ge, dj, d (before u)

/T/ – th (mostly in form words)

Identify a set of letters that represent the sound /8/.

dg, j, gge, ge, dj, d (before u)

*dge, j, g, ge, dj, d (before u or i)

dg, j, gge, ge, je, d (before u)

g, gje, dge, j, dj, d (before u or e)

Choose a set of words where all the words have /T/.

*through, Faith, north, mythologize, warmth, thieves, theme

think, nothing, Thames, thunderstorm, thrash, southern, fifteenth

think, nothing, Thomas, thunderstorm, thrash, south, fifth

through, Arthur, theme, smooth, truth, youth, sympathetic

Choose a set of words where all the words have /D/.

there, scythe, worthy, a mouth, another, teething, clothing

together, mother, this, cloth, lather, then, the

*with, although, worthy, sooth, to mouth, loathing, clothier

bathe, worth, father, southern, these, Heather, there

Choose a set of words where all the words have /7/.

*century, beach, poacher, questions, cheddar, match, actual

watching, cheat, Dutch, chute, natural, butcher, concerto

which, batch, chop, shallots, cheered, ditchers, branch

delicious, cash, teacher, much, church, suggestion, charming

Choose a set of words where all the words have /8/.

passenger, began, soldier, college, urges

mirages, jeep, George, biology, jaw

bridge, murage, generously, jail, damaged

*engaged, gradually, lunge, injure, average

Choose the correct transcription of the word smooth.

*/′sm9D/

/′sm9T/

/′sm0D/

/′sm4T/

Choose the correct transcription of the word zither.

/′zITqr/

/′zaITqr/

*/′zIDqr/

/′zi:Dqr/

Choose the correct transcription of the noun mouth

*/′ma4T/

/′m0T/

/′ma4D/

/′m0D/

Identify a silent letter in the word clothes.

*th

e

t

no silent letters

Identify a group of words with the sound /T/.

*Thursday, length, youth, thigh, through.

mouth, thunderstorm, Thames, thread, warmth.

thousand, Edith, author, clothing, teething.

theme, Thomas, thought, death, faith.

Identify a group of words with the sound /D/.

northern, teethe, threat, thrown, rather.

*breathe, feather, worthy, smoother, scythe.

another, teeth, bathe, thought, clothes.

though, mouth (v.), worth, loathing, lather.

Identify a group of words with the sound /7/.

natural, mortgage, coincide, charming, batch.

watch, chicken, concerto, share, cage.

*poacher, mixture, suggestion, cello, cheered.

butcher, future, which, accurately, question, Dutch.

Identify a group of words with the sound /8/.

bridge, original, gator, jokes, agency.

Gabon, garage, passenger, jaw, jeer.

George, procedure, urges, magazine, Java.

*original, injure, individual, gym, adjust.

The sound /8/ is represented in spelling by

*the letters j, g, ge, dge, and dj.

the letters j, dge, and dj.

the letters j, g, dge, and dj.

the letters j, ge, dge, and dj.

What letters represent the sound /7/ in spelling?

the letters ch.

the letters ch, and tc.

the letters ch, and t.

*the letters ch, and tch.

Choose the answer with labiodental sounds.

/j/, /w/, /l/

*/f/, /v/

/s/, /z/, /w/, /f/, /v/

/w/, /f/, /v/

Choose the answer with interdental sounds.

/f/, /v/, /T/, /D/

/f/, /v/, /T/

/f/, /v/

*/T/, /D/

Choose the answer with alveolar sounds.

/t/, /d/, /s/, /z/

/s/, /z/, /l/, /n/, /r/

*/t/, /d/, /s/, /z/, /l/, /n/, /r/

/t/, /d/, /l/, /n/, /r/

Choose the answer with linguapalatal sounds.

*/j/, /S/, /Z/, /7/, /8/

/j/, /S/, /Z/

/j/, /7/, /8/

/S/, /Z/, /7/, /8/

Choose a set of voiced sounds.

*/j/, /r/, /w/, /v/, /N/, /l/, /n/

/m/, /v/, /N/, /D/, /s/, /Z/, /r/

/8/, /k/, /w/, /z/, /g/, /w/, /r/

/b/, /d/, /7/, /z/, /l/, /n/, /r/

Choose a set of voiceless sounds.

/t/, /k/, /w/, /D/, /S/, /s/, /h/

*/p/, /t/, /7/, /s/, /S/, /k/, /T/

/j/, /r/, /w/, /v/, /N/, /l/, /n/

/h/, /t/, /p/, /s/, /Z/, /k/, /T/

Choose the correct transcription of the word marriages.

/'m1rIdZs/

/'m@:rIdZz/

/'m@rIdZIs/

*/'m1rIdZIz/

Choose the correct transcription of the word electrician.

/'elqktrISn/

/"i:lqk'trsIqn/

*/"elqk'trISn/

/"Ilqk'trIsIqn/

Choose the correct transcription of the word Chicago.

/'7Ikqg34/

*/SI'k@:g34/

/SI'keg34/

/7I'k1g34/

Choose the correct transcription of the word suggestion.

/'s08qs7n/

/sq'8eS7(q)n/

/"s0'8es7n/

*/sq'8es7(q)n/

Choose the correct transcription of the word delicious.

*/dI'lISqs/

/'delISqs/

/dq'lISIqs/

/'di:lISqs/

Choose the correct transcription of the word natural.

*/'n17qrql/

/'neI7rql/

/neI'79rql/

/'ne7rql/

Choose the correct transcription of the word January.

/'dZ1nIqrI/

/'dZeInjqrI/

*/'dZ1nj4qrI/

/dZq'nj9qrI/

Choose the correct transcription of the word worthy.

/'wOrTI/

*/'w6DI/

/'w6TI/

/'wOrDI/

Choose the correct transcription of the word scythe.

/skID/

/skaIT/

*/saID/

/skaID/

Choose the correct transcription of the word feather.

*/'feDqr/

/'fi:Dqr/

/'feITqr/

/'fi:Tqr/

Choose the correct transcription of the word thunderstorm.

/"T@:ndqr'stOrm/

*/'T0ndqrstOrm/

/'D0ndqrstOrm/

/'T@:ndqrstqrm/

Choose the correct transcription of the word sympathetic.

/'sImpqTqtIk/

/'sImpq"tetIk/

*/"sImpq'TetIk/

/"sImpq'Ti:tIk/

Choose the correct transcription of the word loathing.

/'lO:TIN/

*/'l34DIN/

/'la4TIN/

/'lO:DIN/

Choose the correct transcription of the word shallots.

/'S@:l34ts/

/Sq'l34ts/

/'S1lqts/

*/Sq'l@:ts/

What is the spelling of /′808mqnt/?

dgudgement

judjement

dgujement

*judgement

Choose the correct spelling for /′7Ipt/.

tchiped

chiped

*chipped

none

What is the spelling of /dIs′gaIzd/?

desgised

disguized

dizguised

*none

Choose the correct spelling for /kqn′kl9Z(q)n/.

none

cenclusson

cancluzzion

*conclusion

What’s the transcription of the word educate?

/'e84kqt/

/'edj4kIt/

*/'e84keIt/

/'edju:keIt/

What’s the transcription of the word procedure?

/'pr34si:8qr/

*/prq'si:8qr/

/pr34'si:8qr/

/pr34'si:846/

What’s the transcription of the word smoother?

*/'sm9Dqr/

/'sm4Dqr/

/'sm9Tqr/

/'sm9T6/

Choose the correct spelling for /′saID/.

*scythe

sythe

sithe

scithe

Choose the correct spelling for /′In7Iz/.

inchez

intches

*inches

none

What is the spelling of /Tj4′rIn8Iqn/?

Furindgien

*Thuringian

Thurindjian

none

What is the spelling of /′1v(q)rI8/?

averedge

*average

averradge

none

Choose the correct transcription of the word exhaust.

/Ig′h%st/

/′Igz%st/

*/Ig′z%st/

/′Igzqst/

What sound does the following articulation refer to?

This sound is one of the stops.

First press your lips together, to stop the flow of air. Then open your lips and produce the sound with a strong puff of air. Your vocal cords do not vibrate.

*/p/

/f/

/T/

/s/