Vocabulary
money – гроші
to earn money – заробляти гроші
to spend – витрачати
to pay – платити
to lend, to borrow – позичати (Could you lend me some money? Could I borrow some money?)
to save money – заощадити гроші
free, cheap, expensive – безкоштовний, дешевий, дорогий
to cost – коштувати
to try – намагатись
to become – ставати
family, friendship, love – сім'я, дружба, любов
Exercise 1: Read and translate the text:
Money
Money doesn’t buy happiness but it helps.
Money has become one of the important things in our modern life. Some people live their lives to earn money. They work hard, try to earn as much money as they can. Some of them become crazy about it and lose their dignity. They don’t appreciate such important things as family, friendship, love and other feelings. Such people are greedy, they spend their lives in loneliness.
Of course, I think that money influences our life a lot. As W.S. Maugham said “ Money is like the sixth feeling without which you cannot make a complete use of the other five.” I quite agree. A person can’t be happy if he has no money to satisfy his natural needs. But I think that money should have a limit. A person shouldn’t have too much money. It begins to destroy him. It is said in the Bible that “The love of money is the root of all evil.” The majority of all the crimes are made because of money.
I’m among the people who consider that money is not all-powerful. Humanity, intelligence, kindness and other good qualities of a person can’t be bought for money. We’ll never be able to buy pure love, real friendship and loving and caring family.
Exercise 2: Translate the sentences from the text:
Money doesn’t buy happiness but it helps.
Money has become one of the important things in our modern life.
Some people live their lives to earn money.
They work hard, try to earn as much money as they can.
They don’t appreciate such important things as family, friendship, love and other feelings.
Of course, I think that money influences our life a lot.
A person shouldn’t have too much money. It begins to destroy him.
Grammatical Topic
THE PAST INDEFINITE \ Past Simple (Минулий час).
Утворення:
щоб утворити минулий час, то до правильного дієслова ми додаємо закінчення –ed: to work – I worked in the firm. She worked in the firm.
якщо дієслово неправильне – ми використовуємо другу колонку неправильних дієслів (bring –brought-brought): to write – I wrote tht letter. He wrote that letter.
I was there yesterday. They were in the meeting.
щоб утворити питання у минулому часі існує одне допоміжне did, яке вживається для всіх осіб: Did you go there? Did she come yesterday?
Для утворення заперечення до допоміжного did додається часточка not: I didn't go there. He didn't ask me.
Стверджувальна форма: I answered your question.
They went yesterday.
She understood him.
Питальна форма: Did I answer your question? (Yes, I did. No, I didn't)
Did they go yesterday?
Did she understand him?
Заперечна форма: I didn't answer your queston.
They didn't go yesterday.
She didn't understand him.
Вживається:
для того, щоб розповісти про події, що відбулися колись у минулому –вчора, позавчора, минулого тижня, на літніх канікулах, 2 дні тому
(yesterday-вчора, 2 days ago-2 дні назад, an hour ago -голину назад last week – минулого тижня) I spoke to him yesterday.
для вираження послідовних дій в мигулому: I got up, brushed mu teeth, dressed nd went away. He left the hotel, took a taxi and drove to the station
для вираження дії, яка повторюється постійно (минулий час): Last year I went to the theatre every week
При додаванні суфікса -ed додержуються таких правил правопису:
Дієслова, які закінчуються на німе е, втрачають його:
to like — liked; to hope — hoped; to die — died.
Дієслова, які закінчуються на букву у з попередньою приголосною, змінюють у на і:
to cry —cried; to try — tried
(якщо перед буквою у стоїть голосна, то буква у зберігається: to play — played.)
Односкладові дієслова, які закінчуються на одинарну приголосну, подвоюють її, якщо їй передує короткий голосний:
to stop — stopped
Одинарна кінцева приголосна подвоюється також у багатоскладових дієсловах, якщо їй передує наголошений голосний:
to permit — permitted; to prefer — preferred, але не подвоюється після ненаголошеного голосного: to answer — answered.