Sources
English Laura M., Lynn Sarah, Business Across Cultures: Effective Communication Strategies, Longman, London, 1995.
Globalization, edited by Noël Merino, Greenhaven Press, N.-York, 2010.
Kessler Joan B., The Lawyer’s Intercultural Communication Problems with Clients from Diverse Cultures, Northwestern Journal of International Law and Business, volume 9, number 1, spring, 1998.
Lloyd Angela, Preier Anne, Business Communication Games, Oxford University Press, 1996.
McCaffrey A., Don’t Get Lost in Translation: teaching law students to work with language interpreters, 6 Clinical L. Rev. 347, Spring, 2000.
MacKenzie Ian, English for Business Studies, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Martin Jeanette S., Chaney Lillian H., Global Business Etiquette, Praeger, Westport, Connecticut, 2006.
Ting-Toomey Stella, Communicating Across Cultures, the Guilford Press, N.-York, 1998.
Zdanoski Julie E., Crossing Cultural Borders: Russia, Moscow, 2003.
http://www.britannica.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org
http://www.bodylanguageexpert.co.uk
http://www.cbsnews.com
http://top.rbc.ru
15. ttp://www.futurity.org
APPENDIX 1
План реферирования статьи
1) Выходные данные статьи (дата, автор, место и номер публикации)
the article (text) is written by ……
It is headlined …… and is published in the ……. number …… on the seventh of June 2012.
2) Тематика статьи (текста)
the article (text) is about …..
the article (text) is devoted to ….
the article (text) raises the problem of ….
the main topic of the article (text) is ….
3) Ситуация, на фоне которой затрагивается проблема
the matter is that …..
the problem is that ….
the point is that ….
In fact, ….
Actually …
4) Содержание текста
The author writes/says/states/stresses/points out that ….
The text/article/author describes ….
According to the text …
Further the author says …
The article/text goes on to say that …
ЕСЛИ ЭТО ЕСТЬ В ТЕКСТЕ:
Причины ситуации
The situation was caused by …
The events, described in the text, took place after …
Возможные последствия
This can bring about ….
This can result in…
It can (will) lead up to ….
The author thinks this may have some consequences, such as ….
5) Выводы
In conclusion the author says/writes that….
The author comes to the conclusion that ….
Finally the author concludes that …
APPENDIX 2
Texts for additional reading and rendering
Text 1 Starbucks logo: Sayonara coffee, hello Asia
Figure 10.
Starbucks has dropped both its name and the word “coffee” from its 40-year-old logo as the Seattle-based coffee chain prepares to triple its locations in China from about 400 to 1,500.
“The logo of a brand is much more than a pictorial representation of the brand,” says Vikas Mittal, a marketing professor at Rice University who has co-authored two studies on customers, logos, and brand commitment. “For consumers who are highly committed to the brand, the logo represents a visual conduit that enables a customer to identify with the brand.
Mittal and his co-authors on both studies – Michael Walsh of West Virginia University and Karen Winterich of Penn State University – found that the higher the consumer’s commitment to the brand, the more negative the consumer’s reaction to any changes in the logo design.
“It is important for companies to refresh their logos, but the process of doing so must be carefully managed,” Mittal says. “Our research shows that companies need to carefully consult customers – whether through Internet sites or chat rooms – to ensure that customers feel they have been heard in the redesign and repositioning process. That will ensure that highly committed customers – who are also often the heaviest consumers of the brand – feel connected to the brand.”
In one of his studies, Mittal found that companies that changed their logo design were most likely to estrange their most committed customers. A second study found that when angular logos were changed to rounded logos, they were more acceptable in interdependent and collectivist cultures – often found in Asian countries, such as India and China – than in Western countries, which tend to have a more independent or individualistic culture.
“Research in aesthetics shows that interdependent cultures prefer rounded shapes as they represent harmony, which is consistent with an interdependent view of the world,” Mittal says. “Those countries tend to have a higher percentage of rounded logos compared with individualistic countries, and logos and product shapes that are rounded are more acceptable and embraced in those cultures.”
Though Starbucks seems to have alienated some of its loyal U.S. customers – some have planned protests – the redesign will likely generate more brand loyalty among new customers in countries such as China, India, Taiwan, and Singapore, says Mittal, all of which are strong emerging markets and have consumers who tend to be culturally collectivist and interdependent. Removing the lettering gives the logo a more rounded appearance.
(ttp://www.futurity.org/top-stories/starbucks-logo-sayonara-coffee-hello-asia/)