- •Section 1. Individual and society Key vocabulary
- •1. Read the following words
- •2. Read and translate the groups of words given
- •3. Remember the words given
- •1. Make up sentences using the following words
- •2. Fill in the blanks with prepositions
- •3. Fill in the gaps with the verbs given in brackets
- •4. Response on the following
- •5. Make up questions to the following sentences.
- •Speaking
- •1. Work in pairs. Discuss the underlying problem of Economics.
- •2. In groups, define why a high standard of living is impossible without a cooperation of large numbers of people. Section 2. Scarcity and choice Key vocabulary
- •1. Learn the following words and word combinations by heart
- •Read and translate the groups of words give
- •1. Listen, read and translate the text
- •1. Define the main idea of each passage in the text
- •2. Scan the text again and define the three basic choices to be made.
- •3. Match the words from the text with corresponding definitions
- •4. Fill in the gaps
- •5. Join the sentence halves below
- •Chapter 2. Economic system Section 1. The Role of the Market Key vocabulary
- •1. Read the following words
- •The role of the market
- •5. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs given in brackets
- •Section 2. The Command Economy, the Free Market Economy and the mixed economy
- •Translate and remember the following word combinations
- •Find the English equivalents to the following word expressions
- •1. Listen, read and translate the text the command economy, the free market economy, the mixed economy
- •Read sentences and decide if they are right or wrong according to the text
- •2. Answer the questions
- •Find the Russian equivalents to the following English word combinations
- •1. Listen, read and translate the text
- •Speaking
- •Section 2.What is microeconomics? Key vocabulary
- •2. Find the equivalents to the following word combinations
- •3. Give the English for the following
- •Listen, read and translate the text
- •1. Join the sentence halves below
- •Match the terms and their definitions
- •3. Answer the following questions for general understanding
- •4. Translate into Russian
- •Chapter 4. Demand and supply, and the Market Section 1. The Market Key vocabulary
- •The market
- •1. Answer the following questions for general understanding
- •2. Match the word and the definition
- •3. Translate into Russian
- •5. Look through the text once again and write a summary using the clichés above.
- •1.Read and remember the following words
- •2. Read and translate the groups of words given
- •3. Translate the word combinations given from Russian into English
- •4. Translate the word expressions given and in simple words explain their meanings
- •1. Listen, read and translate the text
- •1. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs given in brackets
- •2. Make up questions to the following sentences
- •3. Answer the following questions for general understanding
- •4. Read each statement given and decide which of the following is not true
- •5.Writing a summary is an useful activity to prepare for any oral task such as retelling or discussion. Here are some clichés to compose a summary:
- •6. Look through the text once again and write a summary using the clichés above Speaking
- •2. Work in small groups. Think about examples of storable commodities, decide whether it is necessary in some economies to stock them and present your ideas to the class.
- •3. Make a brief report on the subject: “Demand and supply, and the Market” Chapter 5. Competition Section 1. The Limiting Cases of Market Structure
- •1.Read and remember the following words
- •Match each expression with its meaning
- •3. Read and translate the groups of words given
- •Listen, read and translate the text
- •1. Fill in the blanks with prepositions
- •2. Read each statement given and decide which of the following is not true
- •3. Make up questions to the following sentences
- •4. Answer the following questions
- •Key vocabulary
- •2. Translate the word combinations given from English into Russian
- •3. Make nouns of these verbs
- •1. Listen, read and translate the text
- •1. Match the terms and their definitions
- •Join the halves of the sentences below
- •Make up questions to the following sentences
- •4. Answer the following questions
- •1. Talk to your partner and give one or two examples of a perfectly competitive market where neither buyers nor sellers believe that their own actions affect the market price.
- •2. So you are aware now that each firm in a competitive industry faces a
- •Section 3. Competition in World Markets Key vocabulary
- •1. Make up sentences using the following words
- •2. Fill in the gaps with the verbs given in brackets
- •Speaking
- •Section 4. Oligopoly Key vocabulary
- •2. Guess the meaning of the following word combinations from the text
- •1. Listen, read and translate the text Oligopoly
- •Language practice
Федеральное образовательное учреждение
высшего профессионального образования
«Омский государственный технический университет»
Деловой английский для экономистов
(Business for Economists)
Методические указания по дисциплине «иностранный язык»
для студентов дневной и очно-заочной формы обучения по направлению 521600 «экономика» бакалавриат,
специальностей УТ, МУ
Омск – 2007
Составитель: Э.Г. Беззатеева
Методические указания по дисциплине «иностранный язык» для студентов 2 курса экономического факультета посвящены рассмотрению различных экономических проблем.
Глава I “Economic problem” дает определение экономики как науки. В 1 разделе рассматривается основополагающая проблема экономики – проблема выживания. Раздел 2 посвящен экономическому вопросу выбора в ситуации постоянного недостатка. Здесь же освящаются три основных вопроса экономики: Что? Как? Кому?
Глава II “Economic system” состоит из 2 разделов. Раздел 1 рассматривает экономическое общество как механизм для выживания, а также основные типы экономической организации общества. 2 раздел касается рыночной экономики и ее проблем, командной экономики и смешанной экономики.
В главе III даются определения макроэкономики и микроэкономики и различия между вопросами, на которые дает ответы макроэкономика и микроэкономика.
Глава IV состоит из 2 разделов и касается таких понятий как спрос и предложение, здесь же дается определение такого понятия как равновесная цена.
Глава V “ Competition” состоит из 4 разделов. Первый раздел знакомит с такими понятиями как конкуренция, монополия , монопсония. Во 2 разделе V главы характеризуются такие явления как совершенная конкуренция. описываются условия, при которых возникает монополия. 3 раздел , кратко определяет понятие “ олигополия”.
Chapter 1. Economic problem
Section 1. Individual and society Key vocabulary
1. Read the following words
economics, sensible, essentially, true, equally, survival, conscious, however, continuity, prosperous, fortunate, extremely, sustain, peasant, inhabitant, observe, totally, directly.
2. Read and translate the groups of words given
a vast subject, precise definitions, the basic question, the material aspects, an underlying problem, advanced countries, struggle for existence, standard of living, a large percentage, self-sufficient communities, economic independence, industrialized societies.
3. Remember the words given
to consume – потреблять
advanced countries – передовые страны
apply – применять, использовать
completely – полностью
degree – степень
depend on – зависеть
directly – прямо, непосредственно
effort – усилие
commodities – предметы потребления
emphasize- подчеркивать
reconcile – согласовывать
scarcity - недостаток
equally – равным образом
essentially – главным образом
examine – рассматривать, исследовать
extremely – крайне
however – однако
inhabitant – житель
means – средство
opposite – противоположный
percentage – процент, процентное отношение
pose a question – ставить вопрос
poverty – бедность
provide – обеспечивать, снабжать
remote – далекий, не имеющий прямого отношения
satisfy wants – удовлетворять потребности
self-sufficient – независимый в экономическом отношении
solve a problem – решать проблему
skill – умение, мастерство, квалификация
standard of living – уровень жизни
struggle for survival – борьба за выживание
sustain life – поддерживать жизнь
totally – полностью
vast – обширный
way – путь, способ
4. Find antonyms
begin, difficult, high, poor, inside, wealth, finish, easy, low, prosperous, outside, poverty, capable, dependence, incapable, directly, large, independence, indirect, small.
5. Translate the word combinations given from Russian into English
точное определение, простой ответ, основной вопрос, изучение материальных сторон жизни, развитые страны, борьба за существование, уровень жизни, относительная беспомощность, без посторонней помощи, испытывать крайнюю бедность, степень экономической независимости, наблюдать противоположную ситуацию, жители городов, члены сложной экономической организации.
6. Give three forms of the verbs
to be, to have, to give, to apply, to satisfy, to live, tо study, to examine, to solve, to leave, to survive, to experience, to provide, to turn, to observe, to feed, to build, to depend, to guarantee
Text
Listen, read and translate the text
INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY
Every group of people must solve three basic problems of daily living: what goods and services to produce, how to produce these goods and services, and for whom to produce these goods and services.
Economics is the study of how society decides what, how, and for whom to produce. By goods we mean physical commodities such as steel, cars, and strawberries. By services we mean activities such as massages or live theatre performances which can be consumed or enjoyed only at the instant they are produced. In exceptional circumstances, society may find that some of the questions about what, how, and for whom to produce have already been answered; until the arrival of Man Friday, Robinson Crusoe need not worry about the 'for whom' question. In general, however, society must answer all three questions. By emphasizing the role of society, our definition places economics within the social sciences, the sciences that study and explain human behaviour. The subject matter of economics is that part of human behaviour which relates to the production, exchange, and use of goods and services. The central economic problem for society is how to reconcile the conflict between people's virtually limitless desires for goods and services, and the scarcity of resources (labour, machinery, and raw materials) with which these goods and services can be produced. In answering the questions what, how, and for whom to produce, economics explains how scarce resources are allocated between competing claims on their use. Because economics is about human behaviour, you may be surprised that we describe it as a science rather than a subject within the arts or humanities. This reflects the way economists analyse problems, not the subject matter of economics. Economists aim to develop theories of human behaviour and to test them against the facts.
Language practice