- •1. Describe the geographical position of the British Isles, offering an explanation for its advantages and disadvantages. Define the term «continental shelf», its importance for the economy.
- •3. Examine the main stages in the formation of the population of Great Britain (Ancient Britain, Celts, Romans, and Anglo- Saxons).
- •4.Describe the Danish raids of England. The struggle of Alfred the Great and its results.
- •5. Outline the Norman Conquest and the establishment of feudalism in England and further consolidation of the English state. The main dates in the formation of the u.K.
- •10. Discuss the electoral system. Give an evaluation of the «majority electoral system» existing in Great Britain? Comment on the latest general elections. Change of government in 2007. Reasons.
- •16. Characterize the major political parties in the uk (Labour, Conservative and Liberal Democrats). The position of these parties in the House of Commons today.
- •17. Expand on the role of the church in the life of the British people.
- •1. Geographical position of the us
- •2 .Physical features of the us, climate, lakes and rivers, minerals
- •3. Native Americans
- •6. Discuss the reasons, development and consequences of the War of Independence (1775-1783).
- •7. Expand on the basic values of the American nation. Explain their importance. Expand on the notion "the frontier heritage”, the heroes. What is political correctness?
- •8 Expansion in the 1st half of the 19cent.
- •8. Analyze growing antagonism between the North and the South. Examine the chief events of the Civil war, its consequences.
- •10.Development us after the Civil War. Monroe Doctrine. American expansionism at the end of the 19 cent.
- •11 How and when American constitution was adopted. What caused the necessity of the bill of rights?
- •12 Explain the structure of the Congress – the supreme legislative body. Discuss the election of Senators and Representatives and whom they represent.
- •13 Institution of American Presidency, main trends of American foreign policy, new policy of Barack Obama
- •14 Presidential elections, Electoral College, Barack Obama – new president
- •15 Explain what is meant by a “strict division or separation of powers” under the Constitution. Outline the structure of the American Constitution.
- •16 Main political parties,
17. Expand on the role of the church in the life of the British people.
Religion has always-played an important part in the national way of life and this is still true today. There is a complete religious freedom in the UK. There are two established churches- churches legally recognized as official churches of the state: in England the church of England (Anglican) and in Scotland the church of Scotland (Presbyterian).
The Church of England is the national church; it was formed in 1534 by king Henry 8. Who broke away from the Church of Rome and declared himself Head of the Church of England. But many people considered the Church of England too much like the Catholic Church that it hadn't moved far enough away from the Church of Rome. They became known as Puritans, because they wanted pure and simple church. They broke away from the Church of England and formed their own churches-The Free of Nonconformist churches. All the main free churches-Methodist, Baptist, Evangelical, Salvation Army are very simple, as well as their services. They don't have archbishops or bishops. In 1603 the Puritans were persecuted by James 1. The Puritans believed that all worldly pleasures were ungodly. In the 17th century disgusted by the wickedness of the Old World, a small group of them, the Pilgrims, sailed away to found a new godly society in the New World. And Puritanism still remains strong on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, though it no longer has much influence on young people. British monarchs still bear the title of the Head of the Church of England, as well as the title of Defender of the Faith. The Church of England has two Archbishops-the archbishop of Canterbury, the church's leader, and the Archbishop of York, and the 24 senior bishops who sit in the House of Lords, after them come the remaining 18 bishops. The central governing body of the Church of England is the Central Synod. England is divided into several dozens of districts, called dioceses. Each diocese has a cathedral and is headed by a bishop. It’s divided into parishes headed by the vicar, who often has an assistant, called a curate. The Presbyterian Church is the established church of Scotland. It’s completely separate from the Anglican Church. It has government by elders, all of equal rank. Presbyterianism is a severe form of Protestantism. The Church of Scotland Is powerful and its influence is rather puritanical. Each church is governed locally by the Kirk Session, consisting of the priest and the elected elders of the church. The highest body is the General Assembly, consisting of elected clergy and elders.
In Wales most of the people belong to the Free Churches. 2/3 of the population of NI is members of the Anglican Church and Free, or Protestant Churches, the remaining part constitutes the Catholic minority. The leader of the-Catholic Church in Britain is the Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster. All the UK is divided into 7 catholic provinces, controlled by an archbishop. There are about 6 million Catholics in Britain. There are Christian communities of foreign origin like the Orthodox, Lutheran and Reformed churches of various European countries, which have their centers of worship. Great Britain contains adherents of practically even world religion who are free to practice their particular beliefs in a Tolerant and free society.
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA