Section 7 complex sentences with adverbial clauses of time

Exercise 1 p. 45.

Write out the conjunctions used to join the adverbial clauses of time.

1) The earth flood shook a little as they passed (Gr). 2) When he entered the house she greeted him with a bright face (Gdn). 3) Well, put your other shoe on while Ted’s reading to sue (C). 4) I must get a shine before I see the minister (Gr). 5) After I had met her she told me about her past (Dw). 6) Roy looked over the northern country until he saw what he expected to see (Ald). 7) He’ll stay till I come out (Ald). 8) She hangs up on me as soon as she recognizes my voice (Blw). 9) Don’t reckon I’ll ever get back to Albany as long as I live (Saxon). 10) I haven’t thought of anyone or anything else since I saw you last (Dr). 11) He kissed her first on one cheek and then on the other whilst she stood helpless with the roasting-tin, protesting (Grw). 12) It was some while since the pain had returned, now that I was lying still and holding my breath (Gr). 13) For some days afterwards he had an uncomfortable sensation of guiltiness whenever he was in Miss Mason’s presence (Lnd). 14) No sooner had the first stepped into the clearing that all the lights went out as if by magic (Tl).⁸ 15) Hong Kong is all hill except when the fog shuts out everything except the sea (K). 16) I had hardly finished when Holmes returned with the news that the boy was putting in the horse (Dl). 17) But the door had scarcely closed behind her before it opened again, and she came in to announce: “Dr Colpus” (Bt).

Exercise 2 p. 46.

Classify the subordinate clauses introduced by when into object clauses, attributive clauses and adverbial clauses of time. Account for the tense of the verbs in bold type.

1) I’ll give you a call when I see Sommerville (C). 2) He thought it best to be clean-shaven when Will arrived (Blw). 3) The doctor had better give you a sedative and we will talk tomorrow when you have had a night’s sleep (V). 4) We never knew when they’d break in and arrest us all (Sxt). 5) “Tell them to start,” he said “tell them I don’t know when I’ll be back” (DuM). 6) When she’s done reading it, ask a question (C). 7) Did I really believe that I would die when thinking stopped ? (Blw) 8) The day will come when you will know why I am silent even to you (Cll).

Exercise 6 p. 48.

Open the brackets using the appropriate forms of the verb.

1) The bear came out as Roy (to speak), his large feet plopping on the hard Sn as he (to make) straight for a small tree. As he (to stand) by it he (to straighten) up on his hind legs and then (to mark) the tree as high as he could reach with his paw. When he (to finish) they heard him suddenly take a savage bite at the trunk (Ald). 2) The mid-morning papers (to be delivered) in the store when Madge (to leave) the phone (C). 3) The children attempted to go in with her and only left her when she (to give) them each a penny (Gls). 4) Fieta gazed long and steadily at the door after Sarie (to go out) (Ab). 5) “I won’t take much of your time,” he (to say) as he (to enter) (Blw). 6) When did this fall occur? Where we (to stand) when it (to happen)? (Blw) 7) After he (to go), Roberta (to turn) in a rather lorn and weary way and (to look) out of the window after him (Dr). 8) That evening, before the shops (to close) in the rue Catinat Phuong (to buy) three more silk scarves (Gr). 9) I (to grow up) in Ludington before I ever (to come) to Chicago (Sxt). 10) Phuong (to rise) before I (to be) properly awake (Gr). 11) I had hoped against hope that he (to go) before she (to return) (Gr). 12) Alan (to begin) chuckling with him before he (to get) the point of the joke (C). 13) There was obviously something queer about his demeanour. She had seen it before when he (to be) in Bob’s company (Gdn). 14) The sea! He had taken her there once when she (to be) ill, and they had listened to the guff old voice of the sea as it (to groan) and (to curse) (Ab). 15) Dave remembered the telegram he (to receive) from her while he (to be) still in hospital in New York (Sxt). 16) The Nobel Prize was given to him in 1924 when the advent of wave mechanics (to reveal) the importance of his work, ten years after his famous experiment (to perform) (W). 17) Then, before the people (to understand) the last words, the speaker (to step) out of the theatre and was gone (Bes).

Exercise 7 p. 49.

Analyse the verbs in bold type and say whether the perfect (or non-perfect) forms used in adverbial clauses of time of the first and second grade of subordination express actions prior (or simultaneous) to those in the principal clause or to those in the first subordinate clause.

1) So, he said with the same mockery in his voice that Lanny had heard when he had spoken to the old preacher that first night (Ab). 2) Fox knew that his tone had warmed as he went along (W). 3) Martin realized suddenly that while Myrtle and he had been talking he had been listening to the music of a brass band drawing nearer and nearer (Twd). 4)He noticed the carriage was getting stuffy and headachy with foul air; some one had shut the windows while he was day-dreaming (A). 5) He was determined that he would not think about what had happened until it became absolutely necessary that he should do so (Wld).