2. Nominative with the infinitive айналымы немесе инфинитивтің екінші баяндауыш ретінде қолданылуы

Туынды етістіктің эпитеті ретіндегі инфинитив көп қолданылмайды. Туынды етістік әрқашанда тіркес болып келеді. Ол әдетте ырықсыз етістегі баяндауыш етістіктен және етістіктің кей мағынасын білдіретін инфинитив немесе есімше формасынан тұрады. Бұл әдетте физикалық қабылдау, ой және сөйлеу белсенділігін білдіретін етістіктер және де каузативті етістіктер болып келеді. Бұл айналым өзінің ықшамдылығының арқасында және де келтірілген мәлімет үшін жауапқа тартылу мүмкіндігінің арқасында газетті публицистикалық стильде кеңінен таралған. Мысалы: Over a hundred people are believed to have been drawned during the rescued flood in Pakistan – Пакистанда жақында болған су тасқынынан жүзден аса адам көз жұмды деген мәлімет таралды.

Туынды етістіктің бірінші элементі ағылшын тілінің to be етістігі кейде анықтауыш айналым барысында түсіп қалады. Мысалы: The boy believed to have been kidnapped came home after missing for two days – Ұрланды деп есептелген бала екі күннен кейін үйіне оралды.

Практикалық тапсырма

Берілген сөйлемдерді инфинитивтің қолданудың ерекшеліктеріне назар аудара отырып, қазақ тіліне аударыңыз:

1. Quake Toll

The final death toll from Monday's Peruvian earthquake is expected to be 150Between 10000 and 20,000 are homeless (M. S., 1969)

2. Lloyd Patterson was an American Negro who, in 1932, finished college but couldn't find a job. By sheer chance he happened to read a newspaper advertisement saying a Negro youth was needed for film-shooting in the USSR. So Lloyd came to the Soviet Union. There he first became an actor, and then, learning Russian, worked as a jour­nalist. (P. W., 1970)

3. Eleven Die in Zagreb Floods

Eleven people are known to have died and tens of thou­sands are homeless after floods which struck Zagreb, Yugoslavia's second biggest city, on Monday. Water from the swollen River Sava which swamped the city and surrounding country is gradually receding. But more dead are feared to be lying submerged in their flooded homes. (M. S., 1968)

4. Six members of a fanatical religious sect accused in Zurich's "witchcraft trial" of flogging a teenage girl so savagely that she died, are expected to hear the jury's verdict this week (M. S., 1967)

5. Geneva, Thursday. Britain's Budget measures were believed under scrutiny here today by a European Free Trade Association (EFTA) working party investigating British economic difficulties. A high British Treasury official is understood to have brought the Budget de­tails with him when he arrived here by air today to take part in the meeting, accompanied by a Board of Trade official.

6. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization was said to be concerned that many countries had been turning to bread where it had not previously figured in their diet.

Wheat had to be mostly imported and there was felt to be a need for bread from local substitutes. (M S 1970)

7. Every mother knows how important it is for her child­ren to make a good start at school. If they settle in hap­pily in the first year, problems are far less likely to crop up. (M. S., 1970)

8. A Six-Foot Wave Hits Hawaii

A six-foot tidal wave, thought to have been triggered off by the Chilean earthquake, struck Hawaii early yesterday. At least 6 people were known to have lost their lives there and it was feared the death toll was much higher. Many people were reported injured. Waves were reported still sweeping in. Devastation was said to be greater than in 1946, when a wave caused a heavy death toll. (D. W., 1965)

9. A letter signed by 25 Greek publishers and journalists living outside Greece has been handed in at the US Embassy in London. The letter is taken to refer to the American government's decision to resume heavy arms supplies to Greece. (M. S., 1970)

10. The lunar highlands are believed to date back almost to the moon's formation about 4,000 million years ago. (M. N., 1970)

3. Іс-әрекет жалғастырушы инфинитив

Инфинитивтің көптеген функциялары арасында инфинитивтің іс-әрекет жалғастырушы пысықтауыш функциясын атап өткен жөн. Бұл созылмалы немесе іс-әрекет жалғастырушы инфинитив деп аталады. Бұл функциядағы инфинитив жалғасатын іс-әрекеттерді білдіретін сөйлемдерде қолданылады. Мысалы: I woke up one morning to find myself famous – Мен тамаша бір таңда оянып, өзімнің танымал екендігімді анықтадым. Бұл аударманы дұрыс түсіну үшін ағылшын сөйлемінде бірқатар өзгерістерді енгізу қажет. Мысалы: I woke up one morning and found that I was famous - Мен тамаша бір таңда оянып, өзімнің танымал екендігімді анықтадым.

Практикалық тапсырма

Берілген сөйлемдерді инфинитивтің қолданудың ерекшеліктеріне назар аудара отырып, қазақ тіліне аударыңыз:

1. At eighty Dane entered the office to find corporal Kemp asleep at his desk and a tired-looking kid sat waiting. (J. Steinbeck, East of Eden)

2. The Salinas river tore the edges of the farm lands and washed whole acres down; it toppled barns and houses into itself, to go floating and bobbing away. (Ibid)

3. Again and again I glanced round swiftly, with the conviction that I was about to see something, but only to meet the dark tangle of our hedge or the solemn and cavernous gloom of the great trees which arched above our heads. (A. Conan Doyle, The Lost World)

4. But Skelton did not die. He woke next morning to find himself in a room, in bed and under the mosquito-net. (S.W. Maugham, Flotsam and Jetsam)

5. Each time the door opened Martin looked round, only to see the Mounteneyes enter, then the Puchweins. ( C.P. Snow, The New Men)

6. So Mr. Lammas dozed uneasily and woke up to find the mail halted at an inn for a change of horse.(J. Buchan, The Free Fishers)

7. Rachmaninoff once sailed from England on the Berengaria. On boarding he noticed a horde of newspapermen and photographers. The aloof Rachmaninoff steeled himself against the inevitable only to see them to whiz right past him. Stunned, he wheeled around to discover that the quarry was Primo Carnera (the famous footballer). (A. Chasins, The Van Cliburn Legend)

8. You may be sure that when anyone mentions the Pyrenees he means the French Pyrenees, a tourist haunt for years. A range of mountains drops steeply to the plains. Beautiful streams descend though their valleys to swell the fair rivers of France. (The National Geographic Magazine)

9. The wind howled around the cornices and fought its way through the narrow openings in the windows to billow the lace curtains of Mason’s apartment. (E. Gardner, The Case of the Baited Hook)

10. Mason fought off the heavy lethargy of the deep sleep which comes during the first part of the night, to grope for the ringing telephone.

11. California’s Right Wing started a new witch-hunt. The state officials sacked Miss Angela Davis, a Communist Negro philosophy lecturer- only to be faced with a massive movement in her support throughout the state. ( M. S., 1970)

12. The light died down to leave the room darker than before. (C. Dane, The Babyons)

13. Britain’s overseas trade moved out of the red in August to hit a surplus of £ 40 million, the Board of Trade announced yesterday.( M. S., 1969)

14. The door swung back to reveal a bright room tastefully furnished. ( R. Pixe, Mute Witness)

15. He had put a carefully prepared tray of toast, biscuits, and hot milk on his wife’s bed, only to have her move clumsily and upset the milk. ( D. Eden. Listen to Danger)

16. Winter has truly set in. Long, heavy icicles hang from the eaves and glint in the feeble rays of the low sun. During the day they drip to form treacherous ice patches on the pavements and at night their points harden to nails. ( M. S., 1969)

17. I must have slept for about hours when I was again aroused, and forcibly by someone tugging at my arm. I opened my eyes to find light full on sister’s Peek at my bedside with a stricken face. ( A. J. Cronin, Shannon’s Way)