1. Переведите на русский язык следующие неопределенно-личные предложения.

1. One should distinguish between an electromotive force and a potential difference.

2. One can turn mechanical energy into electrical energy by using a generator.

3. One must know that like charges repel and unlike charges attract.

4. One may also say that the latent heat of the vaporization of water is the quantity of heat required to convert 1 gr of water at 100⁰C into 1 gr of steam at 100⁰C.

5. One should remember the "Bernouilli effect" because it is one of the basic laws of thermodynamics.

6. One can say that solids and liquids are almost incompressible.

2. Переведите на русский язык следующие безличные предложения.

1. It is easy to understand why warmer water should evaporate more rapidly than cold.

2. It may happen that many of the evaporated molecules finally return to the surface of the liquid and recondense.

3. It is well known that electrical charges in motion constitute a current.

4. It has been found that laser powerful beams can be turned into electricity with a very high efficiency.

5. It is obvious that a current will not flow in a circuit made up entirely of metallic wires.

6. It stands to reason that it is possible both to increase the resistance of the rheostat by making the diameter of the wire smaller and to decrease its resistance by making the diameter of the wire larger.

7. It is common practice in computer science for the words "computer" and "processor" to be used interchangeably.

8. It is more correct to say that the metal atoms absorb the radiation, but the effect is an increase in the kinetic energy of the electrons.

9. For the reason it is of interest to study similar effects in other radioactive nuclei…

3. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на эмфазу.

A.

1. It is an accelerator that accelerates elementary particles of matter and imparts to them enormous energy.

2. It was Rutherford who first proposed a general theory of radioactive transformation.

3. It is in a transmission line that one should use as good a conductor as possible.

4. It is the flow of current in the conductor of that device which produces a magnetic effect.

5. It was Mendeleev who had spent twenty years studying the chemical elements.

6. It is hydrogen, one of the elements composing water, that attracts the attention of scientists.

7. It was not until the middle of the 19^th century that the molecular-kinetic theory of gases found its further development.

8. It was not until October 4, 1957 that the world's first man-made satellite was launched.

9. It was not until 1765 that the first steam engine for industrial purposes was constructed by Polzunov.

B.

1. In fact, experience shows that ions with two or more charges do occur though they are less common than those with only one.

2. Air does condense completely to a liquid when the temperature is lowered to –196⁰C.

3. It was the diameter of the wire that we did change to obtain better results.

4. The electrons do tend to flow from the point of lower potential to that of higher potential.

5. It should be noted that certain alloys of iron do make stronger electromagnets than cast iron or hard steel.

6. Franklin did demonstrate that atmospheric electricity and static electricity are one and the same thing.

7. We can and do increase the productivity of labour by introducing new machines and methods of work.

8. We generally think of water as a liquid. It does not mean that that is the only possible state in which water does exist.

C.

1. Closely related to the subject of electronics is the field of automatic control.

2. Shown in Fig. 3-29 is the basic transistor circuit.

3. Developing rapidly in recent years has been an important field of science – quantum electronics.

4. Proportional to the number of ampere turns is the strength of an electromagnet.

5. Of particular interest is the fact that electrons meet more resistance when the conductor is hot than when it is cold.

6. Harmonic in type is the motion of the molecules of a solid.

7. Wound on the rotor are a number of turns.

8. Included with most computers is an operator control console.