
- •Часть 2
- •Unit V criminal law
- •Word Study
- •With man armed with a gun”
- •Dialogue 1 “What is Missing?”
- •Dialogue 2 “Problem with the Article”
- •Dialogue "Harry's interview"
- •On the Trial of America's "Serial Killers"
- •Words and Word Combinations
- •Unit VI Police
- •Word study
- •Discussion
- •Dialogue 1 “An Interview”
- •Dialogue 2 “Supervision and Control”
- •Dialogue "Cross-Examination"
- •Dialogue: "Policeman Interviewing a Witness at the Police Station"
- •Unit VII The judiciary
- •Word study
- •D iscussion
- •The Legal system in England and Wales
- •Revision translation
- •Dialogue 1 “In the Courtroom”
- •Dialogue 2 “Differences in Procedure”
- •"The system of justice in Britain" (tapescript)
- •Dialogue “In court”
- •Words and Word Combinations
- •Unit VIII Procedure and Evidence
- •W ord Study
- •Discussion
- •Dialogue 1 “Consulting a Lawyer”
- •Dialogue 2 “Before Hearing the Case”
- •Dialogue "Suspect"
- •Proper Names
- •Words and Word Combinations
- •Unit IX Sentencing and Punishment
- •Discussion
- •Revision translation
- •Dialogue 1 “Before trial”
- •To say, to stress, to wonder, to explain, to ask, to add, to hope, to regard, to believe, to think, to consider, to be sure, to insist, to respond, to reply. Dialogue 2
- •Dialogue The bbc programme “Any Questions”
- •Proper names
- •Word and Word Combinations
- •List of Literature Used
- •Contents
- •220050, Минск, пр. Скорины, 4.
Dialogue 2 “Differences in Procedure”
Task: study the dialogue between a British and an overseas lawyer:
F: I see different names are used for the party bringing a criminal action and a civil action. |
Ин: Я вижу, что для стороны, возбуждающей уголовный и гражданский иски, используются разные названия |
Br: That’s right. We have the prosecution in a criminal proceeding and the plaintiff for a civil case consequently. But in both kinds of action the other party is defendant. |
А: Да, верно. Для уголовного процесса это – обвинение, а в гражданском деле, соответственно, это будет истец. Но в обоих видах исков другая сторона – обвиняемый (подзащитный). |
F: From this I can suggest differences in proceeding. Does your system actually make a clear distinction between criminal and civil procedures? |
Ин: Из всего этого я могу предположить процессуальные отличия. Ваша судебная система действительно проводит четкое различие между уголовной и гражданской процедурами? |
Br: Sure. The victim of the crime pursues his claim for compensation in a civil, not criminal action. |
А: Конечно. Жертва уголовного преступления подает иск о компенсации по гражданскому, а не уголовному делу. |
F: Unlike yours, our court can order damages alongside a verdict for a crime. Does the British criminal court decide as to what penalty the criminal must suffer? |
Ин: В отличие от ваших, наши суды могут вынести решение о компенсации ущерба одновременно с приговором за преступление. Решает ли Британский уголовный суд, какое наказание должен понести преступник? |
Br: Sometimes he may have to pay legal costs of the prosecution. Why? You seem to be interested in all particulars of our court system! |
А: Иногда ему возможно придется оплатить судебные издержки обвинения. Да! Вы, кажется, интересуетесь всеми подробностями нашего судопроизводства! |
F: You shouldn’t be surprised. It’s my line. And besides it’s interesting, too. Are there any distinctions to be compared? |
Ин: Не надо удивляться. Это моя специализация. И кроме того, это интересно. Существуют ли какие-нибудь сравнительные отличия? |
Br: Sure. The standards of proof are higher in a criminal action than in a civil action. |
А: Конечно. Стандарт доказательства в уголовном иске выше, чем в гражданском |
F: Of course, that’s sensible. The loser in a criminal action risks not only financial penalties but being sent to prison. |
Ин: Это, конечно, разумно. Проигравший уголовный процесс рискует не только денежным наказанием, но и заключением в тюрьму. |
Br: Yes, for a crime the standard must be “beyond reasonable doubt’ while for a tort it’s ‘on the balance of probabilities’. |
А: Да, для уголовного преступления стандарт должен быть “выше всяческих сомнений”, в то время как в деликте это – “на грани вероятности”. |
E x. 1. Find English equivalents for the following:
Сторона возбуждающая гражданский иск; в уголовном процессе; в обоих видах иска; проводит различие; иск о компенсации; понести наказание; оплатить правовые издержки; вы, кажется, интересуетесь; это моя специализация; разумный; выше всяческих сомнений; на грани вероятного.
E x. 2. Sum up the information you have learned. Use the following words and word combinations:
probable – probability, capable – capability,
possible – possibility, advisable – advisability,
able – ability, predictable – predictability.
1. The probable decision to start a civil action might force adequate steps in response. Anyhow the ______ of this is under consideration. 2. They don’t think the man is capable of another effort. He rather lacks ______ of the kind. 3. We are seeking another possible way out. Any _____ in these circumstances might prove to be helpful. 4. Your company might soon realize placing another order with our firm is advisable. On our part we clearly see the _______ of further relations. 5. Are they able to expand their business relations? Our discussion strongly depends upon their _______ to do it. 6. Being predictable by nature, predictable in each step or opinion he didn’t seem attractive or even interesting. This _______ of his is one of the reasons his family dissolved.
LISTENING COMPREHENSION
Text "The system of justice in Britain"
Part A Pre-listening activities
I. Make sure that you know the following words:
a panel of magistrates = a board of magistrates
to impose a punishment on smb = to enforce (inflict) a punishment
prejudice = intolerante punishment
to poach = to steal
to be harsh = to be rough (brutal, cruel)
to have the conviction quashed = pronounced not guilty
Part B Listening activities
I. As you listen to the tape recording make brief notes to help you answer the following questions
a) What is the most common type of law court in England and Wales?
b) What are basically two kinds of courts in England and Wales?
c) In what do the JP's differ from "High Court Judges"
d) Where may a convicted person appeal to?
e) What is the highest court in Great Britain?
II. Listen to the tape once more and fill in the gaps:
a) More than of all cases are ...
b) Magistrates, who are known as ... are not trained lawyers.
c) Even serious criminal cases are heard to ...
d) A convicted person may appeal to ...
e) The highest court of all in Britain is ...
Part C After listening activities
I. Work in pairs:
a) Which do you think is better: judgement by one trained lawyer or judgement by twelve ordinary people?