Self-training Exercises

Exercise 1. Answer the following questions:

1. Have you learnt the new words? 2. Has your brother learnt to drive a car? 3. Have you bought a>new dictionary? 4. How many films have you seen this month? 5. What English books have you read this year? 6. Where has Ann gone? 7. Had you ever heard a word of spoken English before you went to England? 8. Had he got his scientific degree by the end of 1990? 9. Had you participated in any scientific society before you entered the University? 10. Will you have come back before the new term begins? 11. By what time will you have reached the airport? 12. Will he have finished his picture by November? 13. By what time will they have sent on their heavy things? 14. By what time will the game have started?

Exercise 2. Put the verb in brackets into the Present, Past or Fu­ture Perfect Tense.

1. I (to hear) of him ever since I was born. 2. By the time you arrive we (to leave). 3. The students (to know) the results of the examination by 3 o'clock tomorrow. 4. By 5 o'clock the Congress (to adopt) the draft program. 5. After they (to present) the draft of the Program, long debates took place. 6. I (to do) already all my lessons. 7. He (to reject) just our proposal. 8. Our family (to live) in this street since we got a new flat.

Exercise 3. Form general or special questions with the question word given.

1. We have been friends since childhood, (since when) 2. The rain hasn't stopped yet. (general) 3. The film has been on for a week, (for how long) 4. He had recovered by the time I returned from my leave, (general) 5. He will have worked as a teacher for 20 years by next September, (for how long) 6. The students will have started the discussion by the time you come, (who)

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Focus on Reading Read and translate the following texts using a dictionary.

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Text a. Football in england

Football is the most popular game in England; one has only to go to one of the important matches to see this. Rich and poor, young and old, one can see them all there, shouting and cheering for one side or the other.

One of the most surprising things about football in England to a stranger is the great knowledge of the game which even the smallest boy seems to have. He can tell you the names of the players in most of the important teams, he has photographs of them and knows the results of large numbers of matches. He will tell you, with great air of authority, who he expects will win such and such a match, and his opinion is usually as valuable as that of men three or four times his age.

Most schools in England take football seriously — much more seriously than nearly all European schools, where lessons are all-important, and games left for private arran­gements.¹ In England, it is believed that education is not only a matter of filling a boy's mind with facts in the classroom: education also means character training; and one of the best ways of training the character is by means of games, especially team games, where the boy has to learn to work with others for his team, instead of working selfishly for himself alone.

The school therefore arranges games and matches for its pupils. Football is good team game, it is a good exercise for the body, it needs skill and a quick brain,² it is popular and it is cheap; as a result, it is the schools' favorite game.

Notes

1. for private arrangements — для собственного развлечения

2. a quick brain [kwik brein] — сообразительность

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