Text 2. Development of Mass Tourism.

NEW WORDS:

capital investment - инвестиции капитала, капиталовложения

recoup expenditure - компенсировать затраты

neighbouring - соседний

employment - занятость

revenue - доход

boardinghouse - пансионат

hostel - общежитие

retail business - предприятия розничной торговли

rugged experience - трудное испытание

successive - последующий

lodging - жильё

supplies - снабжение, поставки

The most significant economic change for many countries of the world has been the development of mass tourism since World Was 11. Tourism is a risky business: capital investment can be considerable, whereas the season in which to recoup expenditure may be short and can be disrupted by economic difficulties within a country and in neighbouring countries or by cool, rainy weather in summer. Furthermore, there is fierce competition to attract tourists, not only among different countries but also among the resorts within each country.

Tourism is a growing industry and one of the largest sources of foreign exchange. Enormous sums of money are injected into the economies of some nations by winter and summer tourism. Employment opportunities in the service sector increase substantially. The tourist trade is one of the most important sources of employment and revenue and is served by numerous hotels and boardinghouses, youth hostels, restaurants and retail businesses. Many cities are also important centres for international conferences and exhibitions.

The number of tourists increases steadily. In some countries, though, tourism has not been at the heart of their economies, so the lack of facilities make travel in them a rugged experience. Nevertheless, it is becoming a part of governmental policies in those countries to include provisions for paved highways and hotel construction in each successive development plan. Thus, the tourist industry has been actively encouraged by the authorities. Luxury establishments are developed for wealthy foreigners. Many workers find employment in tourism, now continuous through all seasons in many countries, binding the cities’ economies ever more firmly to tourism. Tourism supports the many small businesses the provide food, lodging, fuel and other supplies and services.

Exercise 1. Give the Russian for:

economic change, development of mass tourism, a risky business, to attract tourists, among different countries, a growing industry, enormous sums, winter and summer tourism, service sector, sources of employment, exhibitions, governmental policies, successive, the tourist industry, wealthy foreigners, to support, small businesses.

Exercise 2. Give the English for:

самый важный, капиталовложения, компенсировать затраты, прерывать, соседние страны, курорт, занятость, доход, пансионат, молодёжные общежития, предприятия розничной торговли, трудное испытание, жильё, поставки.

Exercise 3. Answer the questions:

1. What can you say about the most significant economic change of the world since World War 11?

2. What kind of business is tourism?

3. Tourism is a growing industry, is not it?

4. Are enormous sums of money injected into the economies of some nations by winter and summer tourism?

5. What is one of the most important sources of employment?

6. What are important centres for international conferences and exhibitions?

7. Does the number of tourists increase steadily?

8. Are there any countries where tourism has not been at the heart of their economies?

9. What establishments are developed for wealthy foreigners?

10. Does tourism support the many small businesses?