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2. Answer the following questions:

  1. What is known about Plato’s origin?

  2. Why was he expected to enter Athens politics and why did he change his mind?

  3. What contribution did Plato make to philosophy?

  4. Why do you think Plato chose Socrates the central figure of most of his works?

  5. What problems does Plato raise in his dialogues? How does he solve them?

  6. What significance does Plato attach to mathematics?

  7. What is “The Republic” about? What problems are raised in it?

  8. What other Plato’s works are known to you? What is their significance?

3. Find English equivalents for the followin expressions:

политический переворот; фундаментальный вклад; сильное преувеличение; историческая личность; набожность; ясная теория; надежные стандарты; понятные вещи; постоянное изменение; предметы, постижимые разумом; объекты, непостижимые разумом; система верований, теория памяти; математическая трактовка; основная цель; огромное число вопросов; ясный разум; точные знания; точное определение; языческий мир.

  1. Match the words and their definitions:

1) exaggeration a) the ability to use your experience and knowledge in order to make sensible decisions or judgements;

2) benefit b) well known or important;

3) puzzlement c) it helps you or improves your life ;

4) courage d) a strong wish to do something;

5) wisdom e) confusion that you feel when you do not understand something;

6) scrutiny f) someone who is able to do something;

7) embodiment g) attempts at achieving something;

8) prominence h) something you want to do , even though you know you really should avoid it;

9) urge i) something that is worse or more important than it really is;

10) temptation j) a set of beliefs, especially the political beliefs on which people base their actions;

11) prohibition k) the quality shown by someone who decides to do something difficult or dangerous, even though they may be afraid;

12) pursuit l) the most noticeable characteristic of something;

13) eligible m) somebody or something that is being studied or observed very carefully;

14) soul n) the part of you that consists of your mind, character, thoughts, and feelings;

15) ideology o) a law or rule forbidding something.

  1. Fill in the prepositions if necessary:

  1. His family was aristocratic and well __ .

  2. They make fundamental contributions __ almost every area of philosophy.

  3. Socrates is the central figure __most of Plato’s works.

  4. Socrates then refutes the definition __ showing that it conflicts __ other belief the interlocutor sincerely holds.

  5. Consistency __false beliefs is no guarantee __ truths and untrue definitions are no basis __ the knowledge Socrates seeks.

  6. The nature __ the system that the philosopher-kings design is based __ is Plato’s psychology or theory __ the soul.

  7. According __ it there are three fundamentally different kinds __desires.

  8. Plato’s views __ love have profoundly influenced almost all subsequent thought … the topic, whether __ literature or philosophy proper.