- •Российский государственный университет им. И. Канта
- •Практическое пособие
- •Издательство Российского государственного университета им. И. Канта
- •Предисловие
- •Unit 1 socrates
- •Read and translate the text:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Give English equivalents for the followin expressions:
- •4. Match the words and their definitions:
- •5. Fill in the prepositions if necessray:
- •6. Give all possible derivatives of the following words:
- •7. Translate into English:
- •8. Translate into English: Превосходный учитель
- •In what part of london did frank commit his crime and what did he steal?
- •13. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words. Unit 2 plato
- •1. Read and translate the text:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Find English equivalents for the followin expressions:
- •Match the words and their definitions:
- •Fill in the prepositions if necessary:
- •Give all possible derivatives of the following words:
- •Translate into English:
- •8. Translate into English:
- •12. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words. Unit 3 aristotle
- •1. Read and translate the text:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Give English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •4. Match the words and their definitions.
- •5. Fill in the prepositions if necessary:
- •Give synonyms for the following words:
- •7. Translate into English:
- •8. Comment on the following statement:
- •9. Points for discussion and a role-play:
- •10. Test your logic:
- •10. Can you provide the answers?
- •11. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words. Unit 4 machiavelli
- •1. Read and translate the text:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3.Give English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •4. Match the words with their definitions:
- •5. Fill in the prepositions if necessary:
- •6.Give all possible derivatives of the following words:
- •8. Translate into English:
- •9. Fill in the blanks with the following words. You may use each word only once.
- •Events of the Renaissance
- •10. Translate into English:
- •11. Points for discussion and a role-play:
- •12. Test your logic
- •13. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words.
- •Spinoza
- •Learn the topical vocabulary:
- •1.Read and translate the text:
- •2. Answer the following questions
- •3.Give English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •4. Match the words with their definitions:
- •5. Find synonyms for the words from the text:
- •Fill in the prepositions if necessary:
- •Fill in the blanks with the following words. You may use each word only once:
- •Translate into English:
- •9. Render the text in English: Мысли и чувства
- •10. Pair-work and points for discussion:
- •11. Test your logic:
- •12. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words. Unit 6
- •Immanuel kant (1724-1804)
- •1. Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •3. Give English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •4. Fill in the prepositions if necessary:
- •5. Give all possible derivatives of the following words:
- •6. Give synonyms for the following words:
- •7. Match the words with their definitions:
- •Translate into English:
- •Choose the one word or phrase that best keeps the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the capitalized word or phrase:
- •10. Render the text in English:
- •Pair-work and points for discussion:
- •12. Test your logic:
- •13. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words. Unit 7
- •1. Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Give English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •Match the words and their definitions:
- •Fill in the prepositions if necessary:
- •7. Give all possible derivatives of the following words:
- •8. Translate into English:
- •9. Render the text in English:
- •Points for discussion:
- •11. Test you logic:
- •12. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words. Unit 8 karl marx
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Give English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •Fill in the prepositions if necessary:
- •Give all possible derivatives for the following words:
- •Match the words with their definitions:
- •Translate into English:
- •Complete the text with the words and word combinations from the box:
- •10. Render the text in English: Социальные нормы и революция
- •10. Pair-work and points for discussions:
- •11. Write an essay on one of the following topics:
- •12. Test your logic:
- •13. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words. Unit 9 soloviev
- •1. Read and translate the text:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •3. Give English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •Match the words and their definitions.
- •Fill in the prepositions if necessary:
- •Translate into English:
- •7. Render the text in English. What does this parable say about? Comment on it.
- •8. Points for discussion and a role-play:
- •9.Here are some names we give to people who have quite definite attitudes, views of behaviour. Match the words with their definitions:
- •10. Test your logic:
- •11. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words. Unit 10 berdyaev
- •1. Read and translate the text:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •Give English equivalents for the following expressions:
- •Match the words and their definitions:
- •Fill in the prepositions if necessary:
- •Translate into English:
- •7. Translate into English: Бывает хуже.
- •8. Comment on the following statements:
- •9. Points for discussion and a role play:
- •10. Test your logic:
- •11. Summarize the text in a paragraph of about 200 words. Рекомендуемая литература
10. Render the text in English: Социальные нормы и революция
Слово «норма» латинского происхождения и означает буквально: руководящее начало, правило, образец. Нормы вырабатывает общество, социальные группы, которые входят в него. Социальные нормы направляют поведение, позволяют его контролировать, регулировать и оценивать. Они ориентируют человека в вопросах: что следует делать? Что можно делать? Чего делать нельзя? Как нужно себя вести? С помощью норм функционирование людей, групп, всего общества приобретает упорядоченный характер. Воспринимая и следуя им, человек включается в систему общественных отношений, получает возможность взаимодействовать с другими людьми, с различными организациями, с обществом в целом.
Существующие в обществе нормы можно представить в ряде их разновидностей. Это, прежде всего, обычаи и традиции. Далее, правовые нормы, закрепленные в законах. Затем моральные нормы, несущие в основном оценочную нагрузку (хорошо - плохо, благородно - подло). Существуют еще и эстетические нормы, политические нормы, религиозные нормы. Если морально-нравственные и религиозные нормы приходят в упадок, а правовые нормы не выполняют свои функции, общество становится уязвимым для революционных потрясений и не может противостоять им.
Идея революции развивалась, и отношение к этому явлению и его последствиям радикально менялось с течением времени. В 19-м веке она представлялась пределом человеческим устремлений. Революцию считали присущей обществу способностью, которая помогает ему осознать свои возможности и, при благополучном завершении ее, осуществить предназначение человечества. В конце 19-го века идея построения бесклассового общества стала главным направлением развития философской революционной мысли. Карл Маркс выступал за то, что пролетариат должен захватить средства производства и установить контроль над экономикой. После достижения этой высшей цели отпадает необходимость в дальнейших политических переменах.
10. Pair-work and points for discussions:
Marx said: “Take a certain stage of production development, exchange and
consumption and you will have a certain social order, family and classes structure – I mean a certain society”. Explain this statement. Relations among which spheres of social life can be traced in it?
Speak on the topic: “Transformation of the idea of revolution in the minds of
philosophers throughout human history”.
What political parties, which have been presented in the course of national and
world history, do you know? Characterize the activities of any of them.
Imagine You are spokespersons of two different parties. You are running in the
elections and have to present the programs of your parties for the future actions in case you are elected. Articulate your programs in turn, challenging each other.
Marx put correlation between the morals of an individual and his/her social status
in the following way: “A Republican has somewhat other consciousness than a Royalist, a wealthy person has somewhat different from a poor one, an intellectual has a different consciousness from the one who is unable to think.” Do you agree with this statement? Ground your point of view.