2. Answer the following questions:

1. What sciences did Marx specialize in?

2. Why did he abandon his academic career?

3. What movement did he associate with?

4. Who was Marx’s collaborator?

5. What famous economists did Marx criticize in his early works?

6. What philosophical traditions were used by Marx in his works?

7. What were the main ideas of German idealism?

8. What are the main statements of the theory of society and history offered by Marx?

9. What determines the nature of human laboring activity at a given stage?

10. How are political, legal and other such institutions treated in the materialist theory?

11. What can bring about a change in the economic structure of society?

12. What are the main ideas expressed by Marx in “Capital”?

13. In what way did Marx see his theoretical activity as vitally connected to the practical struggle of the working class?

3. Give English equivalents for the following expressions:

оставить научную карьеру; начать сотрудничество; влияние материализма эпохи Просвещения; выражает радикальную критику капиталистического строя; принимать практическое участие в прогрессивной борьбе человечества; чувство собственного достоинства; преодолеть чувство само отчуждения; производительные силы общества; основополагающая (решающая) идея; средства производства, находящиеся в распоряжении людей; облегчать применение разделения труда в большой степени; распределение сил в обществе

4. Fill in the prepositions if necessary:

1. He converted ___ Christianity ___ the age ___ 30.

2. Marx left ___ Berlin ___ 1836 where he associated ___ Hegelian movement and switched ___ philosophy.

3. ___ 1844 Marx began collaborating ___ Engels.

4. Marx’s works exhibit a brilliant intelligence, trained ___ Hegelian philosophy but influenced ___ Enlightenment materialism.

5. Philosophy must engage itself ___ the progressive struggle ___ humanity.

6. Historical materialism depends ___ how broadly or narrowly we take the idea ___ “productive powers”.

7. Conflict ___ the powers and relations ___ production brings ___ a change ___ the economic structure ___ society.

8. The success of the working class movement was dependent ___ its liberating itself ___ ideological confusions and achieving a correct scientific understanding ___ the social and historical process ___ which it is involved.

9. Marx was convinced that humanity was ___ the verge ___ a radically new way ___life, which would be brought ___ when the scientific understanding achieved ___ philosophers or intellectuals joins forces ___ a democratic mass movement.

10. Marx fought ___ the acceptance ___ his ideas ___ the working class movement.

5. Give synonyms and opposites:

The word	Synonym	Opposite
Exhibit (v)
Influenced (adv)
Comprehend (v)
Fundamental (adj)
Grow (v)
Broadly (adv)
Rival (adj)
Erect (v)
Production (n)
Conception (n)
Modern (adj)
Profit (n)
Downfall (n)