- •The Functions of Nouns in the Sentence
- •Classification of Nouns
- •Morphological Composition of Nouns
- •3. Compound nouns.
- •Selected uncountable nouns and their countable equivalents
- •Appendix 4
- •Partitives: nouns which refer to part of a whole
- •Appendix 5
- •Collective nouns followed by 'of
- •Appendix 6
- •3. The category of number
- •Irregular Plurals
- •Compound nouns and their plurals
- •Agreement between subject and predicate (concord).
- •The category of gender.
- •Identifying masculine and feminine through nouns
- •Make-female-young-group distinctions for some animals
- •Identifying masculine or feminine through pronouns
- •6. The category of case.
- •The Nominative Case
- •The Possessive Case
- •The Objective Case
- •7. The use of indefinite article (including - a or an, a/an or one). The Use of the Indefinite Article
- •8. The use of definite article with common nouns. The Use of the Definite Article
- •9. Zero article with common nouns.
- •10. Definite and zero articles with proper nouns. The Use of the Definite Article with Proper Nouns
- •11. Special cases in the use of articles. Special cases in the use of articles
- •12. Classification of pronouns. Personal, pronoun ‘one', possessive and reflexive pronouns.
- •14. Demonstratives. Some, any, no, every and their compounds. Demonstrative Pronouns
- •15. Either/neither/both, none/all/whole/each, (an)other.
The Objective Case
A noun that follows a transitive verb or a preposition is said to be the object of the verb or the object of the preposition. Nouns and pronouns used as the object of a verb or objects of a preposition are in the objective case.
For example
In the sentence: Thomas opened his knife. knife is the object of the transitive verb opened and is in the objective case.In the sentence: The bird sat on the tree. tree is the object of the preposition on and is in the objective case.
Nouns and pronouns in the nominative case answer the questions Who? or What ?
For example
Who writes? John writes. What alarms him? The snow alarms him.
Nouns and pronouns in the possessive case answers the question Whose?
For example
Whose book have you? I have my brother's book.
Nouns and pronouns in the objective case answers the question Whom? What? or Where?
For example
Whom do you see? I see the captain. Where does he stand? He stands upon the deck.
Nouns in the possessive case may be known by its form. But the forms of nouns in the nominative and the objective cases are exactly alike. Whether a noun is in the nominative or objective case must be determined by their relation to other words.
7. The use of indefinite article (including - a or an, a/an or one). The Use of the Indefinite Article
1 |
2 |
The indefinite article a/an is used with countable nouns: 1) if the person or a thing is mentioned for the first time; |
I can see a car there. |
2) after the constructions there is, there was, there will be; |
There is a book on the table. |
3) if the noun is a part of complex predicative; |
Her brother is an artist. |
4) if a noun with a/an has a meaning «будь-який»; |
Give me a pencil, please. |
5) if a/an means one and is used before noun which means time, weight, measure;
in the expressions: price in relation to weight: two pounds a kilo distance/to speed: 40 km an/per hour frequency: twice a/per day |
Wait a minute, please.
Will you be back in an hour? How many times a week do you attend your sport club?
A kilogram of butter is about ten hryvnas. |
6) in exclamations after the word what; |
What a clever parrot! |
7) after the words such (такий), quite (зовсім, повністю), rather (достатньо); |
This is such a difficult sentence to translate. He is quite a young man.
It is rather a strange car. |
8) to classify people in terms of the work they do, where they come from: - origin: - occupation: - religion: - politics: |
He is an American. My brother is a doctor. He is a Catholic. He is a Republican. |
9) with an object after the verb have. |
I have a brother. |
10) in descriptions |
He’s got a long nose. |
11) The indefinite article is used in the expressions: a little (трохи, мало), a few (декілька). |
If I have a little time today, I’ll drop in.
I’d like to say a few words. |
12) The indefinite article is used with abstract nouns that are used with attribute. |
They lived a quiet life. He has a deep knowledge of the subject. |
13) The indefinite article is used with numerals that are used as nouns, as well as with the words dozen (дюжина), score (рахунок у грі). |
A score of the game is always shown on the scoreboard. A thousand of students were present at the concert. |
The indefinite article is used in set expressions:
Have a look – подивитися
Go for a walk – ходити на прогулянку
Be in a hurry – поспішати
For a long time – довго
In a low voice – тихо
It’s a pleasure. – Приємно.
It’s a pity. – Шкода.
It’s a shame. – Соромно.
As a result – в результаті
Be at a loss – розгубитися
At a glance – з першого погляду
Have a good time – добре проводити час