Вариант 3 (для 103)

1. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждой глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Обратите внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций.

1. All living things are characterized by the presence of a complex mixture called protoplasm.

2. By June many of these insects will have left the water, as they only spend their early stages in it.

3. We have already seen how some of the proteins make it possible for the blood to clot.

4. Your cat's eyes will not be seen on a dark night unless you shine a light in their direction because they glow only by reflected light.

5. We thought we were not feeding the hedgehogs properly so we added cod-liver oil and fine chopped worms to the warm milk.

6. The sparrows had gone to bed, and the long lines of starlings had flown to their roost ten miles away in a wood.

7. Several kinds of animals were domesticated by the late Stone Age.

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните Participle I, Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, будет ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого.

1. There appeared a hedgehog, and he passed a few feet away, crossing the now motorless road.

2. The digested food passes into the cells lining the inside of the intestine.

3. Protoplasm was first recognized as a living substance by the French zoologist Dujardin in 1835.

4. What you are and what you do is really the result of all your various kinds of cells working together.

5. Protoplasm is always changing, taking in different kinds of chemicals, giving off others.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол и его эквивалент.

1. Many characteristics of protoplasm may be studied in living organisms of small size.

2. Just as you don't have to think in order to breathe, you don't have to think to digest.

3. The amphibians stayed alive because they could use their legs to walk to another spot where there was some water left.

4. To carry out its functions the blood has to be made to circulate throughout the body.

5. All forms of animals must digest food, because most forms of food are insoluble and therefore cannot pass through the walls of digestive tract into the blood stream.

6. Perhaps you have wondered how fish and frogs are able to get along with such small undeveloped brains.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст. Выполните реферирование на русском языке.

THE FISHLIKE MAMMALS

Whales and dolphins are often referred to as fish because they live in water and somewhat resemble fish in their appearance. They are true mammals, however, and the young are born alive and nourished by milk just as are the young of mammals on land.

The study of the dolphins’ behavior, for example, has its philosophical aspect, as well as the purely practical results. The dolphins possess a well-developed brain, communication signs, and a complex pattern congregation, which leads some researchers to declare that the dolphins are on a par with humans in intellectual development, or are even more advanced than man, whereas others maintain that these cetaceans are ordinary animals, which respond well to experiments. This leads to the argument about the philosophical criteria of intelligence, about the variety of expressions of intelligence, about the stages in the development of consciousness, about the possibility of man making contact with some other section of the animal kingdom, and about the responsibility this places on human beings.

What are whales noted for? These largest animals are famous for their spouting. They breathe through the nostrils that are located at the top of the head. About once every half-hour they must come up for air. As soon as their nostrils are out of the water, the whales expel the old air from their lungs with great force. As the moist, warm air is thrown upward it condenses and thus bears some resemblance to small geysers. Water is not taken into the whales' lungs at any time hence the spouting is not expulsion of water as is commonly supposed. After whales have spouted and inhaled a supply of fresh air, they usually return below the surface of water.

Each year thousands of whales are killed for their oil. Whaling has for years been a profitable business in some parts of the world, and special ships known as whaling vessels are used for the purpose. After a whale is killed, the blubber and flesh will be sawed into chunks. The chunks will then be taken into a rendering plant to be turned into oil. Formerly, this work was done on the whaling vessels, but now it is done in rendering plants located on the shore near the whaling areas or on special boats that accompany whaling fleets.

V. Из приведенных вариантов укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ.

What are whales noted for?

1. Their young are born alive and nourished by milk.

2. They are famous for their spouting.

3. Their nostrils are located at the top of the head.

2. ПРОЧИТАТЬ: