Вариант 2* (для 102)

I. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждой глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Обратите внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций.

1. Have you ever heard about the tissue of a chicken heart that was kept alive and beating in a laboratory for twenty years?

2. When young people kiss under the mistletoe they are merely carrying on the age-long way of expressing joy at the sun`s return, and many other legends.

3. If we haven`t eaten much for two or three days, there are fewer food molecules in the blood.

4. He was going home to a warm cottage, but he knew that many animals had just started out on their nightly hunt.

5. All metabolic reactions are made possible by special types of proteins called enzymes.

6. By the end of the Age of Fishes the land was covered with tree-fern forests.

7. Snowy owls are most often seen along seacoasts and lake shores.

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните Participle I, Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, будет ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого.

1. The oxygen used up in the respiration of plants and animals is restored through the process of photosynthesis.

2. When we go out we add a thick overcoat, giving ourselves another layer of air, and so keeping nice and snug.

3. The big, round, flat floating lily pads represent the pond`s most important “community centers”.

4. Food doesn`t go along the digestive tract unchanged.

5. Capillaries are the tubes with walls of one-celled thickness, allowing digested food and oxygen to pass directly into the cells.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент.

1. Just as on land, homes in the water world may be exposed or out of sight.

2. When we run about more, our bodies get warmer, so the air between out clothes gets warmer, and we have to strip off our outer layers to cool off a bit.

3. When first born, the baby hedgehog is not able to see anything, it is blind.

4. This winter solstice may not seem important to us who know that after the snow comes spring as the sun rises higher daily in the sky.

5. The prickly cactus which can live three years without water is used as fodder for hungry desert livestock.

6. The amphibians began to spend more and more time on land, but they still had to lay their soft eggs in the water.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст. Выполните реферирование на русском языке.

FOOD - GETTING

In this chapter the ways of food-getting will be spoken of and you will be given a few examples of different food-getting.

In order to provide the necessary energy for growth and to carry on life's activities, food must be taken in or eaten. This process is known as ingestion.

In the discussion of the adaptations of plant cells it was noted that the cells are provided with structures called chloroplasts which help in the manufacture of food within the green plant. But it must be taken notice of that it is only in the green parts of the plant, the leaves and stems, that this food-making takes place.

Green plants in presence of light are able to take in the gas, called carbon dioxide, from the air, combine it chemically with water and dissolved minerals from the soil to produce their food. This food manufacturing process is known as photosynthesis.

Animals are unable to do this. They secure their food either directly or indirectly from outside sources. Animals are adapted by nature to ingest food either directly into the cell, as in the case of very simple forms, or into the body parts which prepare the food for all the cells to use.

For example, one of the simplest, one-celled animals, the amoeba actually surrounds its food with its flowing, ever changing protoplasmic structure.

The butterfly takes in food by uncoiling a long tube-like structure, inserting in into the nectar container of a flower and sipping gently as through a straw.

The frog is an example of another type of food-getting. He sits quietly on a leaf or log and waits for a flying insect to approach. When the unwary insect is within reach, the frog's long, cleft tongue darts out, and instantly the prey is caught and directed into his mouth.

Animals higher in the scale of life are well adapted to move around to choose, secure and to bring food to the "mouth" or part, of the body which first takes in food.

V. Из приведенных вариантов укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ.

The food-making takes place . . . of the plant.

1. . . . in all parts . . .

2. . . . only in the roots . . .

3. . . . only in the green parts . . .