Grammar: The Past Perfect Tense.

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I had worked	I had not worked	Had I worked ?

I’d worked I hadn’t worked

The Past Perfect Tense denotes an action completed before a certain moment in the past.

Past Perfect + Past Indefinite

He had finished his work when I called him.

He had finished his work by 5 o’clock yesterday.

The Past Perfect Tense is used with the conjunctions: hardly, scarcely, nearly ,barely + Past Perfect ... when + Past Indefinite. No sooner + Past Perfect... than + Past Indefinite. He had hardly done it when they came.

Ex.6.Use the Past Perfect Tense.

Examples: Why didn’t you listen to that play on the radio? – Because I had heard it before.

1. Why didn’t you see Fred when you came to Astana?(leave) 2. Why didn’t Kate want to go to the cinema?(see the film) 3.Why didn’t you tell him my new adress?(forget) 4. Why didn’t Jeff hear about Kate’s examination?(pass) 5. Why did Fred come home so soon from his holiday? (spend all the money) 6. Why couldn’t you get into your flat at once?(lose the key)7. What did you learn about Bob?(get married).

Ex.7. Make sentences using the words in brackets.

Example: His hair was wet. (He/ just/ have/ a shower)- He had just had a shower.

1. There was nobody at the platform.(the train/just/ leave).2. We didn’t find anybody at home everybody/already/go out). 3.The children were playing in the garden.(they/just/ come/from/school).4. Bob wasn’t at home when I arrived.(he/arrange/to meet/some friends/at the club).5.I couldn’t recognize the child after all that time.(I/not/see/her/for seven years)

Ex.8.Use the Past Perfect Tense of the verbs given in brackets to complete the sentences.

Example: When John and I got to the river, the boat race (start already)

1.When she went to bed ,she remembered that she (not/switch off the light) 2. She felt tired because she (walk a lot/ that day) 3. She went for a holiday after she (pass the exams) 4. I didn’t know what to do when they(show/me/the picture)5. I didn’t look at the present until after she (go) 6. I was very sorry to hear that he (die) 7. He didn’t start speaking until the children(leave the room)

Ex.9. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Indefinite and the Past Perfect in the following texts.

a) He (look) at his watch. In a quarter of an hour he (be) due at the General Meeting of the New Colliery Company - one of Uncle Jolyon’s concerns; he should see Uncle Jolyon there, and say something to him about Bosinney – ( not/make) up his mind what, but something – in any case he should not answer this letter until he (see) Uncle Jolyon. He (get) up and methodically (put) away the draft of his defense. Going into a dark little cupboard, he (turn) up the light, (wash) his hands with a piece of brown Windsor soap, and (dry) them on a roller towel. Then he (brush) his hair, (turn) down the light, (take) his hat and … (leave) the house.

b) When Tom (wake), the farmhouse (burn), it (start) burning when the shell (hit). None of the other soldiers who (be) in the farmhouse (be) to be seen. They (be) lucky to escape. In the confusion they (miss) Tom who (sleep) on the kitchen floor. As his leg (be) broken, it (take) him hours to crawl across the room to the window. He (pass) out again and again. But he (be) sure he (not/want) to die and finally he (get) to the window and (pull) himself up so that he (can) look over the sill. Somebody (see) his head above the window and (get) him. Tom (not/remember) any of that. He never (find) out who (save) him.

Ex.10. Translate the following sentences into English concentrating on the use of tense-aspect forms.

1. Біздер көп жылдар бойы бірге жұмыс жасадық, ал мен сен туралы тіпті өте аз білемін. 2. Біздер оның сақина түсіріп алған жеріне жеткен сәтте, ол тоқтап қалды. 3. Саған тамақ пісірген ұнай ма? – Маған ұнайды. Бұл менің көп жылдар бойғы хоббиім. 4. Әкем мені әрдайым Катя деп атайтын. 5. Олар кері қайтып келе жатыр, менің пайымдауымша, олар осы жолы қонақ үйге тоқтайтын шығар. 6. Ол кілттеніп алды және олар кеткенше төменге түспейді. 7. Мен ауылдағылардың барлығының есімдерін білмеймін. Мен осында өмір бойы тұрып келемін. 8. Мен оның бөлмені жинап жатқан уақытында түскі ас дайындадым. 9. Олар үйге кіріп үлгерем дегенше, дауыл басталды. 10. Мен көрмеге бармайтын болып шештім. Мен бүгін кітапханаға барамын. 11. Менің кітаптарды айырбастамағаныма үш ай болып қалды. 12. Мен осында келгелі дұрыстап тамақтанбадым. 13. Ол келмейді. Мен онымен жана ғана телефон арқылы сөйлескем. 14. Филипп өз жүк сөмкесін вагонға апарып тастады да, перронда темекі шекті. 15. Олар бұрын ешқашан бірге билеп көрмеген. 16. Австралияны ашқан кім?

БӨЖ тапсырмалары:

Read the text “So school these days is easy” and do ex. b, c, d, p. 53 (Clive Oxenden, Christina Latham-Koenig, New English File, Intermediate, Oxford University Press 2006)