Unit 2 Theme: Education system in America Grammar: The Past Perfect Tense

Objectives: By the end of this unit, students should be able to use active vocabulary of this theme in different forms of speech exercises.

Students should be better at discussing Education system in America.

Students should know the rule of Past Perfect.

Methodical instructions: This theme must be worked out during three lessons a week according to timetable.

Lexical material: Introduce and fix new vocabulary on theme “Education system in America”. Discuss in groups “Education system in America”. Speak about the stages of education in America.

Grammar: Revise the Past Simple Tense. Introduce and practice the Past Perfect Tense.

Education in the usa.

Over 57 mln students are enrolled in American schools. Americans place a high value on education for themselves and for their children. Universal access to high quality education has been one of the nation’s historic goals.

More than 100 years before signing the Declaration of Independence, European settlers in Massachusetts passed laws requiring all communities to hire school masters. American’s first college, Harvard was founded in Massachusetts in 1636 and in 1865 education was becoming available to all.

There are the varieties of schools in America now: public and private, large and small, urban and rural, traditional and experimental, academic, vocational and comprehensive. Educational system of the USA consists of :Preschool education, Elementary school, Secondary school and Higher education. Preschool education : The school year is usually nine months, from early September to mid – June. A child’s introduction to formal education is usually in kindergarten classes operated in most public school systems. Many systems also provide nursery schools. The age group is commonly four and five years. These preschool education programs maintain a close relationship with the home and parents, and aim to give children useful experiences which will prepare them for elementary school. Elementary school: The main purpose of elementary school is the general intellectual and social development of the child from 6 to 12 or 15 years of age. Carricula vary with the organization and educational aims of individual schools and communities. Promotion from one grade to the next is based on the pupil’s achievement of specified skills in reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, history, geography, music and art. Secondary school: Most pupils follow a course that includes English, science, social studies, mathematics and physical education. Elective subjects may be chosen in the fields of foreign languages, fine arts and vocational training. Most young Americans graduate from school with a high school diploma upon satisfactory completion of a specified number of courses. Students are usually graded from A (excellent) to F (failing) in each course they take on the basis of performance in tests given at intervals throughout the year, participation in class discussions and completion of written and oral assignments. Locally developed end-of-the-year examinations are given in many schools. Some states, as New York, give statewide examinations which are prepared by the state department of education. After graduating from secondary schools a growing number of Americans go on to higher education. American institutions of higher education include: technical training schools, community colleges, colleges offering four-year bachelor degree programmes and universities which contain one or more colleges and graduate schools offering master’s or doctoral degree programmes. The factors determining an institution’s prestige are the quality of the teaching faculty, quality of research facilities, the number and competence of applicants for admission.

Topical vocabulary.

1.	to enroll	қабылдау
2.	value	баға
3.	access	қол жеткізу (з.е.)
4.	law	заң, құқық
5.	to hire	жалдау
6.	to found	негізін қалау
7.	urban	қалалық
8.	rural	ауылдық
9.	to consist (of)	(бірденеден) құралады,тұрады
10.	kindergarten	балабақша
11.	social	қоғамдық
12.	to vary	өзгеру
13.	promotion	жылжу
14.	achievement	жетістік
15.	throughout	барлық жерде
16.	assignment	тапсырма
17.	to determine	шешу, шешім қабылдау
18.	applicant	абитуриент
19.	admission	қабылдау
20.	purpose	мақсат
21.	bachelor’s degree	бакалавр дәрежесі
22.	master’s degree	магистр дәрежесі

Ex.1. Suggest the Kazakh for

1.to enroll

2. vary

3. promotion from one grade

4. law

5. rural

6. pupil’ achievement

7. urban

8. to hire

9. to consist (of)

10. in kindergarten classes

11. social

12. a high value

13. universal access

14. to found 15. admission

Ex.2. Match the following words and expressions from column A with those in column B.

A B

1.social development степень магистра

2.to consist of был основан

3. achievement of

specified skills цель

4.to graduate from степень бакалавра

5.was founded достижение определенных навыков

6. purpose состоять из

7.bachelior’s degree общественное развитие

8.master’s degree доступ

9.access

Ex.3 .Fill in the gaps with the words given in brackets.

1. The school year lasts usually ... ... . from early September to mid – June.

2. The age group is commonly .... years.

3. These preschool education programs maintain a close relationship with ... ... , and aim to give children useful experiences which will ... them for elementary school.

4.The main purpose of elementary school is the development ... ... of the child from 6 to 12 or 15 years of age.

5. Promotion from one ... to the next is based on the pupil’s achievement of specified skills in

reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, history, geography, music and art.

6. Most young Americans ... from school with a ... school diploma upon satisfactory completion of a specified number of courses.

7 .Some states, as New York, give statewide examinations which are prepared by... .....

8.After graduating from secondary schools a growing number of Americans go on ... ....

9. Curricula ... with the organization and educational aims of individual schools and communities.

the state department of education, vary, general intellectual and social , graduate, to higher education, four and five, high, nine months, prepare, grade ,the home and parents

Ex.4. Translate into English.

1. Оқу жылы, әдетте, неше айға созылады? 2. Оқушының бір сыныптан екінші сыныпқа ауысуы оқу, арифметика, тарих, географиядан белгілі бір дағдыларының жетістіктеріне негізделеді. 3. Бастауыш мектептің негізгі мақсаты – баланың интеллектуалдық және қоғамдық дамуы (жетілуі). 4. Оқушылар мектепті бітіру жөніндегі құжатты алу үшін бірнеше оқу курстарын аяқтауы қажет. 5. Әрбір курс төрт немесе бес пәннен тұрады, және оқушылар оны жыл бойы оқиды.

Ex.5. Answer the questions on the text and say about the structure of the school system of the USA.

1. How long does the school year last?

2. What is the main purpose of the preschool education and of the elementary school?

3. How long does the elementary school last?

4. What subjects does the programme of studies in the secondary school include?

5. What must students do to be graded from A(excellent) to F(failing) levels?

6. What form of education do students choose after graduating from secondary schools?

7.What are the factors determining an institution’s prestige?