Вариант № 3

Задание № 1. Выберите соответствующее местоимение. Перепишите и

переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Some people are very nervous at (our; their; his) first driving lessons.

2. It can be funny to compare advertisements for cars with the reality of driving

(her, us, them).

3. (it, they, you) is known that different machines and mechanisms are being used

in road construction nowadays.

4. Russian engineers were the first (someone, anyone, ones) to construct granular

surfacing laid on a sand base.

Задание № 2. Выберите нужный предлог with, over, in, to, of. Перепишите и

переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The M 25, the motorway around London was opened … 1986.

2. Winston Churchill described the car as the curse … the twentieth century.

3. Cities and towns all … the world have a traffic problem.

4. The electric car had success … American women in the early 1900s.

5. Many people have jobs that are related … cars.

Задание № 3. Закончите разделительные вопросы и перепишите их.

1. Road building is one of the earliest arts known to mankind, …?

2. The strategic and commercial aims of the Roman Empire required the creation

of broad lines of communication, …?

3. One day soon we will hear about a traffic jam all the way round the M 25 in

both directions, …?

4. We do not have the technology to find a solution to the traffic problem, …?

5. The first road was simply a layer of logs and brushwood over marshland, …?

Задание № 4. Поставьте предложения с модальными глаголами в

прошедшем или будущем времени, используя слова, данные в скобках.

Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The spring flood may lead to disintegration of the road (last year).

2. With the use of tamed pack animals for transport paths must be cleared to a

greater width and height (in the ancient times).

3. Road engineers can improve the road building operations (in future).

Задание № 5. Выберите действительную или страдательную форму

глагола. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. New types of road construction (invented; were invented) by Thomas Telford

and John Macadam.

2. Road jobs (demand, are demanded) the extensive transportation of large

quantities of materials.

3. Every year thousands of kilometers of new highways (put, are put) into service.

4. Nowadays a great care (take, is taken) to the safety on roads.

Задание № 6. Переделайте предложения из действительного залога в

страдательный, сохраняя видовременную форму сказуемого. Напишите и

переведите полученные предложения на русский язык.

1. The Romans built a military road through some of the highest and wildest

country in England.

2. In the period of early human settlements people were gradually making

footpath.

3. The town of Delft in Holland has solved the traffic problems by encouraging

people to cycle.

4. They are building a tunnel to link the island with the mainland.

5. Urban highway construction inevitably causes disruption to traffic.

Задание № 7. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

Выпишите из каждого глагол – сказуемое и определите его видовременную

форму и залог. Напишите форму инфинитива глагола.

1. By 2015, the number of cars on our roads will double.

2. Today people call the M 25 the biggest car park in Europe.

3. In both town and country, the greatest nuisance has always been caused to those

living, working and walking within the road’s noise zone.

4. The first artificially constructed roads were made in mountainous and forested

country.

5. The underpasses in Düsseldorf had been created attractive to pedestrians.

6. Cars are symbols of freedom, wealth and masculinity.

Задание № 8. Выберите нужную форму глагола. Перепишите _______и переведите

предложения на русский язык.

1. If trains … (carry) more people, the roads … (not/be) so crowded.

2. If Romans … (not/invade) Britain they … (not/build) their roads there.

3. If there … (be) more roads, there … (be) more cars to use them.

4. If you … (start) earlier, you … (not miss) the train yesterday.

Задание № 9. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

Выпишите причастный (Absolute Participle Construction) или

инфинитивный (Complex Object, Complex Subject) оборот и определите его

тип.

1. The federal road system is known to provide the drivers and passengers with

hotels and restaurants, service stations and repair shops.

2. In the second half of the 18th century a period of intensive road building began,

the rate of building being dependant upon the rate of development of industry and

commerce in various states.

3. The driver wanted the car to be filled up.

Задание № 10. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Traffic Problems Can Be Solved

Advertisements for cars don’t show the reality of driving. Cities and towns all

over the world have a huge problem: traffic jams. Of course cars are symbols of

freedom and wealth. They represent a personal choice to travel when and where

you want to but when you are stuck in a traffic jam; all cars are just little metal

boxes to sit in.

There are millions of cars on the road today. How do cities cope with this?

Some of them have found solutions to their traffic problems.

The city Curitiba in Brazil has very few traffic jams. This is because the authorities

have developed an efficient bus network to transport people rapidly around the

city. Main roads have special lanes for buses only, so that they do not get caught in

traffic jams.

In Milan, cars need a permit to enter the city center. Only residents and some

employers can obtain a permit, so very little traffic now drives in or out. Nearly

everyone parks on the edge of the restricted area and heads for the center on foot.

As a result, Milan now has many pedestrian-only shopping streets.

In Athens, car owners are only allowed to drive into the city centre every other

day. They must match the final number of their car number plate to the day’s date

– if the date is an even number, and so is the final number of the number plate,

then they can enter the inner-city area. The same goes for odd number plates and

odd dates. This means that 50 per cent of all cars must stay at home each day.

Задание № 11. Закончите предложение, выбрав соответствующий вариант

окончания.

Only residents and some employers can obtain a permit, so …

a) car owners are only allowed to drive into the city centre every other day

b) very little traffic now drives in or out

c) they do not get caught in traffic jams

Задание № 12. Перепишите вопросы к тексту и письменно ответьте на них.

1. What is a huge problem of cities and towns all over the world?

2. Have some cities found solutions to their traffic problems?

3. Why does the city Curitiba have very few traffic jams?

4. Milan now has many pedestrian-only shopping streets, hasn’t it?

5. How many cars must stay at home each day in Athens?