5. Relatives

Exercise 1. Fill in the correct relative pronoun or adverb.

1. When did you buy the jacket you are wearing?

2. Is that the girl sent you a Valentine’s card?

3. The reason John is successful is that he works very hard.

4. . Sam is mending the chair he broke yesterday.

5. This is the town my favourite singer lives.

6. I’ll never forget the time she fell into the swimming pool.

7. Where are the children ball broke our window?

8. What did you do with the money_____ I gave you?

9. Is (his the place you lost your grammar textbook?

10. English is a flexible language to learn, _____was the main reason to choose it.

Exercise 2. Fill in the correct relative pronoun or adverb. Say in which

sentences it can he omitted and in which it cannot.

A) The book I borrowed from the library was about a girl works in

Africa there are many people starving. It’s a very sad story.

B) John is a man ambition is to be rich. That’s the reason he works so

hard. He doesn’t listen to people tell him to slow down. The day he becomes a millionaire will be the day he has a rest.

C ) Home is the place I like best. I’m a person needs time to myself. 1'he

thing _____ I most like to do is relax in my living room, _____ I am free from stress and _____________ there are no interruptions.

11. The moment I met Peter is a moment I’ll always remember. He’s

someone _____ I’ll always admire for his courage, has seen him through

some difficult times. That’s the reason I liked him straight away and

__ we became good friends understand and respect each other.

Exercise 3. Put in which, what or that. Explain your choice.

1. He spoke very fast, made it hard to understand him.

2. Thanks, but that's not I wanted.

i3. I'll tell you something will surprise you.

4. I did I could.

5. I did everything I could.

6. She kept falling over made everybody laugh.

7. He's a university professor, is hard to believe.

8. You can have anything you want.

9. Her sense of humour - that's attracts people to her.

10. He said nothing made sense.

Exercise 4. Join each item from column A to the corresponding one from column It using which.

Example: I -g / knew you would be hungry which is why I bought some sandwiches.

A) B)

1. It’s very cold today. a) This was very kind of him.

2. They got stuck in a traffic jam. b) That’s why the river burst its banks.

3. He gave me a present. c) That’s how I knew about the party.

4. I forgot to go to the bank. d) This made them late for work.

5. It rained a lot yesterday. e) It meant I couldn’t go shopping.

6. She sent me an invitation. f) That’s why I’m wearing a jumper.

Exercise 5. a) Say which type of relative clause each of the following pairs of sentences contains and identify the difference in their meaning:

1. A)I took my jacket lo the dry cleaner's, which had a two hour service; В) I took my jacket to the dry cleaner's which had a two hour service.

2. A) Commuters who had heard about the derailment arranged alternative transport home; B) Commuters, who had heard about the derailment, arranged alternative transport home.

3. A) The cars, whose owners had double-parked, were lowed away by the police; B) The cars whose owners had double-parked were towed away by the police.

2. Punctuate the following sentences according to whether they contain defining (identifying) or non-defining (non-identifying) clauses. Sometimes the same clause can he both types, but with a different meaning.

1. My wife who works as a journalist is an excellent cook.

2. My daughter who works in New York is getting married soon.

3. The engagement which was announced last week came as a bit of a shock.

4. The man she’s getting married to is an artist.

5. It doesn’t seem to me that artists are the kind of people who can be relied on to provide an income.

6. Artists who are unproductive are not much use to anyone.

7. My daughter has been married once before which means she should know what she’s doing.

8. Her previous marriage which ended in divorce was to a Spaniard.

9. Her parents-in-law who were always exceptionally kind were very upset when the marriage broke down.

11. The children who spoke Spanish went to live with their father after the divorce.

Exercise 6. Fill in the relative pronoun or adverb. Put commas where necessary. Say whether the relative clauses are identifying or non-identifying and whether the relative can be omitted or not.

1. Paul birthday is on Friday is having a party tonight.

2. My office is very big is on the first floor.

3. Martin works in the library writes poetry in his spare time.

4. That’s the woman house was burgled last week.

5. The day I left school was hot and sunny.

6. Surah Jones I knew at university is a doctor now.

7. The CD I bought yesterday was awful.

8. Tina lives next door is a wonderful cook.

9. People play musical instrument are called musicians.

10. This is the reason I haven’t finished.

11. My friend Peter has just moved lo Wales sent me a long letter.

11. 2. My boss office is next to mine is on holiday at the moment.

13. My favourite time of the year is summer I can have a holiday.

11. 4. The woman won the lottery gave an interview to the newspaper.

Exercise 7. a) Combine the sentences to make one new sentence, including a defining relative clause. Make any necessary changes, and omit the relative pronoun if possible.

1. The bus goes up Edward Avenue. It doesn't stop at the railway station.

2. The debate went on all night. The backbenchers had demanded it.

3. The escaped convicts slashed away the gold bars. They had stolen the gold in an earlier bank raid.

4. It was her dream cottage! She had always wanted one like that.

5. They booked into the hotel. They had stayed there on their honeymoon.

6. The bodyguards were flanking the King. They had revolvers concealed inside their jackets.

7. It wasn't their dog. No, I was taking care of their cat.

8. The tree had died. They cut it down.

9. That's the cruise. I've always wanted to go on that one.

10 I think it was the manager. I was speaking to him.