It is important! Before answering the questions in ex. 3 read the instructions below attentively:

• Read the questions first and decide whether they are asking for detailed or general information. Underline key words.

• Read the text quickly to understand the general meaning. Underline key words that are connected to the questions.

• Read the text more carefully, looking at the questions at the same time.

• Begin to choose your answers, if you get stuck, eliminate those options for which there is no evidence in the text.

• Look for synonyms for words in the text in the questions.

• Don't leave any questions unanswered, if you run out of time, guess!

• Check your answers at the end.

Exercise 3. For questions 1–7, choose the correct answer a, b, c or d.

1. We use the expression Mad Cow Disease because

A) it is more accurate.

B) it is easier to say.

C) it links cows with people.

D) it sounds less scientific.

2. Cows are infected with the disease because

A) they need a vegetarian diet.

B) they are forced to eat dead sheep.

C) they eat meat from infected cows.

D) they are fed parts of diseased animals.

3. As a result of Mad Cow Disease

A) people have stopped eating meat.

B) good meat has become expensive.

C) poor people are eating more beef.

D) a new kind of beefburger has been invented.

4. Scientists believe CJD

A) is caused by eating beef.

B) may be caused by eating sheep's meat.

C) is caused by lack of proteins.

D) may be caused by eating beef.

5. What do we know about mad sheep disease?

A) It is dangerous to humans.

B) It could be fatal.

C) It is similar to Mad Cow Disease.

D) It cannot cause CJD.

6. Prion is protein found in

A) sheep and cows.

B) people and sheep.

C) cows and people.

D) a number of animals.

7. What does the passage suggest about our understanding of Mad Cow Disease?

A) We know little about the real causes.

B) There is no danger in eating meat.

C) Little progress has been made by scientists.

D) We know things we did not know before.

Exercise 4. Find words in the text that mean:

– a problem which people discuss a lot and disagree about;

– to say something is true although others may not believe you or you have no evidence for that;

– you say;

– deadly;

– gone down;

– reasons for thinking something is true or not true;

– connected;

– to work, operate;

– people who work together.

Exercise 5. 1) Discuss these questions in pairs.

When was the last time you ate meat?

How often do you eat meat?

Are you influenced by negative news reports about meat?

2) Work in pairs. One student is for eating meat and the other is against. Make a list of points to support your argument and then try to persuade your partner that you are right. Talk about the topics below:

a) health;

b) cost;

c) attitude to animals;

d) taste;

e) variety.

TASK 5

Exercise 1. Read the information about the Murmansk meat processing enterprises and companies. Make a presentation of one of them.

1) The Melifaro Meat Processing Plant

The Melifaro meat-processing plant started operations in 1994. Now it is one of the largest companies in food industry. The plant's products are popular in Murmansk and in the Murmansk region. There are not so many plants in Russia which may boat such efficient equipment as this factory. For example, the line for the production of vacuum-packed sausages can produce up to 2 tons of this product a day.

During these years the company has won the reputation of the manufacturer of high-quality products, the taste of which satisfies the most demanding consumers. Daily the plant delivers to shops over 100 brands of sausage products. All of the production stages beginning from processing of raw materials and to packing are performed using state-of-the-art equipment, under the control of highly skilled specialists and with the observance of all veterinary and sanitary norms.

Owing to state-of-the-art equipment and optimum capacity of production facilities the plant can rapidly respond to changes in the supply-the-demand situation on the market and start manufacturing new types of sausage products. A broad variety of products in combination with affordable prices make Melifaro and its products especially attractive for buyers.

OOO Melifaro is proud of the traditional Russian recipes it uses. The "Doktorskaya", "Lyubitelskaya" sausages have nowadays the same taste they had many years ago. This is due not only to ecologically clean raw material, but also to ecologically clean saw-dust used for smoking. The plant is manufactured a broad variety of meat processing products including cooked sausages, frankfurters and wieners; semi-smoked sausages, cooked and dried sausages: delicacies made of pork and beef (cooked, cooked-and-smoked, smoked-and-baked and fried liver sausages and headcheese of premium, first and third grades; semi-finished products made of beef, pork, lamb meat and veal with and without bones; sub-products of 1st and 2nd categories).

Melifaro offers a broad variety of fancy cakes, gateau and biscuits. The products attract buyers by their appearance, and their taste satisfies the requirements of the most demanding consumers. A customer can also order at the plant a fancy cake made based on his/her own design.

All of the company's products are certified. Quality of raw products, additional ingredients and ready products and checked by the plant's laboratory. Sausage products are manufactured in natural coats and also in state-of-the-art artificial coats, including so called barrier coats, which make it possible to extend the shelf life of products without deterioration of their quality to ten to forty days.

Based on the orders placed by retail sale companies the plant manufactures sliced and vacuum packed (in plastic packages) sausage and fumed products storable for 60 days.

Delicacies are made of natural beef, pork, pork brisket (with and without skin) and spices using traditional recipes.

Summer sausages are made using classical technologies of pork and beef seasoned in brine with the addition of fat meat (fat pork, pork brisket or fat), creating individual patterns of sausages.

Semi-fumed and fumed-and-cooked sausages (over 10 brands) are made of premium and first-grade beef, fatless, semi-fat and fat pork and fat using classical technologies. Fumed with the use of saw-dust of best hardwood trees, they acquire a pleasant aroma.

Frankfurters, wieners are made of pork and beef with milk powder added and are enriched with soy protein.

The company's products have won awards for quality at many international contests and exhibitions. For example, "The best products and services of Murmansk region 2004, 2005", "100 the best Russian's goods" and many other diploma.