The concept of personality and its structure. Theories of personality.

1. The concept of personality in psychology.

2. Personality in the light of theories and trends and their significance for communicative practice.

3. "Self-concept" of personality.

Literature

1. Psychology, ed. Y. L. Trofimov. - K. Lybid, 1999.

2. O.V. Skripchenko. General Psychology - K., 1997.

3. P. A. Myasoid. General Psychology. K., High School, 2000.

4. Stolyarenko O. B. Personality Psychology: Handbook. - "Center of educational literature" - 2012. - 280 p.

5. Eysenck G.Y. The structure of personality. - St. Petersburg.: Juventa, M.: PCB +, 1999. - 464 p.

6. Asmolov A.G. Psychology of personality: Tutorial. - Moscow: Publishing, Moscow State University, 1990. - 367 p.

7. Bala G.A. The concept of self-actualization in humanistical personality psychology. - K. - Donetsk, 1993. – 32 p.

8. Variy M.I. Psychology of personality. Textbook. - K. Center educational literature, 2008. - 592 p.

1. Category of personality occupies a central place in modern scientific research and public consciousness . Thanks to this category the possibility for a holistic approach, system analysis and synthesis of psychological processes, functions, condition, human qualification emerge.

In psychological science there is no universally accepted definition of the nature of personality. The era of active scientific study of personality is divided into two periods:

1) the end of the nineteenth and mid of the twentieth century. And it is in phase with the period of classical psychology formation .

2) started in the second half of the twentieth century.

Personality is a particularized individuum, which we regard as embodiment of the most significant socially significant properties. This is a man who has life philosophy that firmly established as a result of long and painstaking conscious work. Individuum has proper free will, the ability to choose, responsibility. The depth and richness of personality due to its link with the world and other people, self-conception , his "I".

Personality - a social system due to mental qualities of the individual, which is determined by human involvement to specific social, cultural and historical relations. It is also formed in the process of conscious activity and communication. Personality mediates and determines individual relationship level with the social and natural environment. This is an object and a subject of the historical process and their lives.

To understand the nature of the individuum should clarify the relationship of this concept to other used both classical and modern psychology.

Man is born with a genetically inherent in its potential to become a very human. Infant inherents anatomical and physiological properties of the body and brain, that belong to man. They provide mastering bipedalism, tools, language, development of intelligence, consciousness in prospect. But this system of biological, genetic, anatomical, physiological factors involves the formation of man only in the social, cultural and historical conditions of civilization. To emphasize biologically conditioned by membership of a newborn child and an adult to human ...... and differs from the animals, the concept of "individual" is used as the opposite to the concept "individual" of animal.

Individuum - a human biological basis of personality development in certain social conditions (Trofimov).

Individuum - a single representative of the human race, species Homo sapiens (wise man) is the product of a long development and carrier of individually distinctive features (Skripchenko).

A man - social and biological creature is a carrier of personality. This concept is broader than the concept of "personality", it includes a much broader range of social and biological signs - anthropological, ethnographic, cultural properties.

Personality is characterized by qualitative and quantitative forms of mental characteristics that make up her personality.

Individuality is a combination of psychological characteristics of people that form its identity, difference from other people. Individuality is manifested in the ability, the dominant needs, interests, character traits, in self-esteem, the system Zun, levels of intelligence, individual style of activity and behavior in the type of temperament, the nature of emotional and volitional. Individuality creates a description of the individual, which provides it with style relationship with the surrounding reality.

The concept of individuality is interpreted ambiguously. There are 4 main analytical approaches: social-psychological, individual-psychological, pragmatist, genetic.

2. Basic theory of personality.

2.1 Theory B. James (1842-1910) - American psychologist, one of the first started to develop the problem scientifically.

Studied personality within their own concept of consciousness, the central concept of which is "stream of consciousness". In consciousness distinguished two aspects of "empirical me" and "pure me" (or an object and a subject).

"Empirical Me" – an object - what is perceived

"Pure Me" – a subject - that perceives.

Considering, "empirical me" - a person interprets as the total amount of all that she can call as their own: 1) components, 2) feelings and emotions caused by these elements (self-esteem), and 3) actions caused by these elements (self-regard and self-preservation).

Personality has components that are divided into three classes:

1) a corporeity includes bodily organization, clothes, a father and a mother, a wife and children. (When someone dies, a part of ourselves disappears. Either we ashamed of bad things of relatives , we are worried, such as we are at their place).

"Home house", property of a man, handiwork.

2) Social identity is determined by a person belonging to the human race and the recognition of others.

3) Spiritual Personality – a union of states of consciousness, specific spiritual abilities and qualities. Feelings and emotions characterize the identity on the part of her self-esteem ( there are 2 types - complacency and dissatisfactory ), it is given support by two opposit classes of feelings are associated with success and failure follow.

Separate parts of identity strike against and contradict to each other. Complacency of personality due to correlation between realized and potential abilities.

Self-esteem = Success

Demand

By this formula rejection of claims gives personality as desired appeasement as well as implementation and success. Well-being of a man depends on the individuum, his successes and aspirations.

W. James introduces the concept of a hierarchy of personalities: the physical personality

spiritual personality

material and social personalities

physical personality

Spiritual personality is to be the highest value to humans.

W. James believes pure "I" (that perceives) - is a cogitative subject, soul, spirit, mind.