I. Translate the following words bearing in mind the meaning of the affixes and memorize them:

1) to specialise (v), specialist (n), speciality (n), special (adj)

2) specialization (n), especially (adv)

3) science (n), scientist (n), scientific (adj), scientifically (adv)

4) to include (v), to exclude (v), inclusion (n), inclusive (adj)

5) to derive (v), derivation (n), derivative (adj)

6) to divide (v), division (n), divisor (n), divisible (adj)

7) to define (v), definition (n), definite (adj)

8) to differ (v), difference (n), different (adj), differently (adv) indifference (n), indifferent (adj).

9) to resemble (v), resemblance (n)

II . Read the following words and guess their meaning:

Special, zoology, organize. Fundamental. Microscope, accumulate, basic , principle, respiration, fact, reproduction, process, temperature, region.

III. Supply the Infinitives of the following verbs:

told, gave, known, made, led, came, thought, taken, called, climbed, put, written, included, defined, saw.

IV. Form adverbs from the following adjectives and translate them:

inclusive, scientific, definite, different, special, certain, common, fundamental, apparent .

V. Give synonyms for the following words:

to exist, immense, to form, to need, same, fundamental, some, common, vital, manner, to call, certain, main, likeness, right, basic, high, to resemble, general.

VI. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. I like both of these plants. 2. I like both the flowers and the leaves of this plant. 3. Both functions of this organ are important. 4. Both water and air are necessary for the living organisms. 5. General properties of protoplasm are the same both in plants and animals. 6. Both plants and animals cannot live without water. 7. Both these plants are of the same shape and size.

VII. Answer the following questions:

1) What is biology? Define it.

2) What do you call the science of living organisms?

3) What elements does living matter consist of?

4) Are plants and animals similar in their fundamental composition? What are the differences and similarities?

5) How can biology be difined?

6) What does the word "biology" mean?

7) Do plants and animals depend upon one another?

8) How do plants or animals differ from lifeless things?

VIII. Translate the text into Russian; say what new information about plants and animals you have got from it:

Biology is the study of living things. In studying them we learn the relations of plants and animals to one another, with the world about them and how we can control them. Biology is commonly divided into two branches — botany and zoology. Both animal and plant life is continually changing and there are great differences and likenesses between them.

All organisms are capable of responding to changes in the environment by reacting to external stimuli. In animals this coordination and response to stimuli are accomplished by sense organs and the endocrine and nervous systems.

Plants lack a nervous system, and specific sense organs, but they respond to external stimuli and their chemical coordination in somewhat analogous to that regulated by~the endocrine system of animals.

Both plants and animals have hormones. Thus substances are produced in one part, of the organism and in very small amounts, influence specific physiological processes when transported to another part of the organism. Plant hormones, however, are not produced in specific glands as animal hormones are, and they differ chemically from the hormones of animals, being in general simpler substances.

Other substances which act like horipon^s but are not known to be produced by the plant are called plant regulators. The study of plant hormones and these synthetic substances is one of active fields of plant physiological research and their use in agriculture has become very important.