- •Англійська мова
- •Київ кнутд 2010
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •V Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VI Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •VII True or false statements:
- •VIII Translate into English:
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: the earliest systems of weights and measures
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” what is ohm? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •Importance of legal metrology
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” the world’s largest metrology company “mituto” and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 3 metric system text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text: metric system
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: small-unit metric system
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” the metric system “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •International system of units text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •International system of units
- •Si Base Units
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: meter
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” how is temperature measured? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 5 english system of units text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text: english system of units
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it:
- •Vitruvian man
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” who discovered the electricity? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences:
- •V Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VI Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •VII True or false statements:
- •VIII Translate into English:
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: key organizations in world metrology
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” what is oiml? “ and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •International organization for standardization text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •International organization for standardization
- •VIII Translate into English:
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: benefits of iso standards
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” who can join iso? “ and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 8 global coordination of metrology and the cipm text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text: global coordination of metrology and the cipm
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: world metrology day
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” the iso members” and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
II Read and translate the following text: english system of units
The English System has its roots in the Roman system, which used as a base the number twelve. Also from the Romans emanated the names of certain English metrical units such as the inch. The English System developed progressively, and in 19th century the English metrical system was established in various parts of the world, including America. At the heart of the English system of Units is a short list of base units:
Units of Weight
The pound (lb) is the basic unit of weight which is proportional to mass. Within the English units of measurement there are three different systems of weights. In the avoirdupois system, the most widely used of the three, the pound is divided into 16 ounces and the ounce into 16 drams. The ton, used to measure large masses, is equal to 2,000 lb. The troy system is used only for precious metals. The troy pound is divided into 12 ounces and the troy ounce into 20 pennyweights or 480 grains. The troy pound is thus 5,760 grains. The grain is also a unit in the avoirdupois system, 1 avoirdupois pound being 7,000 grains, so that the troy pound is 5,760/7,000 of an avoirdupois pound. Apothecaries' weights are based on troy weights.
Units of Length and Area
The basic unit of length is the yard. Fractions of the yard are the inch and the foot and commonly used multiples are the rod, the furlong and the mile. The acre, equal to 4,840 square yards or 160 square rods, is used for measuring land area.
Units of Liquid Measure
For liquid measure or liquid capacity the basic unit is the gallon. Gallon is divided into 4 quarts, 8 pints, or 32 gills. The U.S. gallon, or wine gallon, is 231 cubic inches. The British imperial gallon is the volume of 10 lb of pure water at 62°F and is equal to 277.42 cu in. The British units of liquid capacity are thus about 20% larger than the corresponding American units.
Units of Dry Measure
For dry measure or dry capacity, the basic unit is the bushel. Bushel is divided into 4 pecks, 32 dry quarts, or 64 dry pints. The U.S. bushel is 2,150.42 cu in. and is about 3% smaller than the British imperial bushel with a similar difference existing between the U.S. and British subdivisions. The barrel is a unit for measuring the capacity of larger quantities and has various legal definitions depending on the quantity being measured.
Differences between American and British Systems
Many American units of weights and measures are based on units in use in Great Britain before 1824, when the British Imperial System was established. Since 1893, the U.S. yard and pound and all other units derived from them have been defined in terms of the metric units of length and mass, the meter and the kilogram. Thus, there is no longer any direct relationship between American units and British units of the same name. In 1959 an international agreement was reached among English-speaking nations to use the same metric equivalents for the yard and pound for purposes of science and technology.
The English units of measurement have many drawbacks: the complexity of converting from one unit to another, the differences between American and British units, the use of the same name for different units, and the existence of three different systems of weights (avoirdupois, troy, and apothecaries'). Because of these disadvantages and because of the wide use of the much simpler metric system in most other parts of the world, there have been proposals to do away with the U.S. Customary System and replace it with the metric system.
III Answer the questions:
1.When did the English system appear?
2. What is the basic unit of weight?
3. What is the basic unit of length?
4. What drawbacks does the English system of units have?
5. What are the differences between American and British Systems?
IV Complete the sentences:
1. Many American units of weights and measures… on units in use in Great Britain before 1824.
2. The English units of measurement have many….
3. The… has its roots in the Roman system.
4. For dry measure or dry …, the basic unit is the…
5. The… is the basic unit of weight which is proportional to mass.
V Find the English equivalents to the words:
Недолік, конвертувати, звична система, дорогоцінні метали, походити, розширятися, аптека, кубічний дюйм, об’єм.
VI Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
1. fraction a. дорогоцінні метали
2. long ton b. кварта
3. disadvantage c.недолік
4. apothecary d. велика тонна
5. unit of measurement e.тяжкість
6. to convert f. аптека
7. complexity g. конвертувати
8. to emanate h частина
9.quart i. походити
10.precious metals j.одиниця вимірювання
VII True or false statements:
1. The basic unit of length is the yard.
2. The English System has its roots in the Greek system.
3. The pound is the basic unit of weight which is proportional to mass.
4. The troy system is used not only for precious metals.
5. The English units of measurement have no drawbacks.
VIII Translate into English:
1.Англійська система вимірювання сягає коренями Римської системи.
2.Одним з основних недоліків Англійської системи вимірювання є складність конвертування.
3.Основною одиницею довжини є ярд.
4.Фунт-основна одиниця ваги, яка є пропорційна масі.
5. Така одиниця вимірювання як барель використовується для вимірювання місткості.
IX Make up sentences with the terms:
Customary system, yard, The English System, drawbacks, complexity of converting, Apothecaries' weights, avoirdupois, troy, precious metals, American gallon.
X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
The Roman system, roots, pound, English units, yard, American and British units, fractions of the yard, the survey foot, drawbacks, three different systems of weights, dry capacity, base units, English-speaking nations, differences, the older definition, the corresponding foot, the complexity of converting, pure water.
TEXT B