- •Англійська мова
- •Київ кнутд 2010
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •V Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VI Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •VII True or false statements:
- •VIII Translate into English:
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: the earliest systems of weights and measures
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” what is ohm? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •Importance of legal metrology
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” the world’s largest metrology company “mituto” and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 3 metric system text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text: metric system
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: small-unit metric system
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” the metric system “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •International system of units text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •International system of units
- •Si Base Units
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: meter
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” how is temperature measured? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 5 english system of units text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text: english system of units
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it:
- •Vitruvian man
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” who discovered the electricity? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences:
- •V Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VI Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •VII True or false statements:
- •VIII Translate into English:
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: key organizations in world metrology
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” what is oiml? “ and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •International organization for standardization text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •International organization for standardization
- •VIII Translate into English:
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: benefits of iso standards
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” who can join iso? “ and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 8 global coordination of metrology and the cipm text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text: global coordination of metrology and the cipm
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: world metrology day
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” the iso members” and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
II Read text and define the main idea of it: the earliest systems of weights and measures
The earliest systems of weights and measures were based on human morphology. The names of units often referred to parts of the body: the hand, the foot and the yard or cubit corresponded to dimensions of the human body. Consequently, these units of measurement were not fixed. They varied from one town to another, from one occupation to another, and from the type of object to be measured.
This lack of a standardized system of measurements was a source of error and fraud in commercial and social transactions and prevented the development of science as an international endeavor. With the expansion of industry and trade, there was an increasing need for harmonization of weights and measures between countries. Politicians and scientists resolved this situation by adopting a standard of measurement by comparison with a standard taken from nature.
One of the first such natural measures was the meter, which was defined in a Decree of the French National Assembly on April 7, 1795.
III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
I Mind the following words and word-combinations:
1. to measure – вимірювати
2. to abbreviate – скорочувати
3. inverse – інверсія, зворотній порядок
4. resistance – опір
5. voltage – напруга
II Listen to the text” what is ohm? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
1. An ohm is a unit used in the international system of measurements to measure resistance.
2. The symbol for Ohm is the Greek letter Delta.
3. George Ohm was an American physicist in the early 19th century.
4. Ohm is one of the great fathers of electricity.
5. Ohm was well-trained in mathematics and physical training.
UNIT 2
METROLOGY
TEXT A
I Read and remember the words and their translation:
1. to embrace – охоплювати
2. subfield – підгрупа
3. traceability – єдність вимірювань
4. to ensure – гарантувати, забезпечувати
5. comparisons – порівняння
6. hardness – твердість
7. gemstones – дорогоцінне каміння
II Read and translate the following text:
METROLOGY
Metrology derives from Greek “metron” – measure and “logos” – science. Metrology is the science of measurement. Measurements come in different forms. Gemstones can be measured for hardness or carat size. Pieces of wood can be measured for length. Electricity can be measured in amps, volts and watts. Metrology includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement.
In 1950s it was necessary to bring unity to measurement in the manufacturing process. As a result, the International Organization of Legal Metrology was created. Today dozens of countries are members of this organization. Their common goal is to unify manufacturing and business throughout the world.
Metrology is defined by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, as the science of measurement, embracing both experiment and theoretical determinations at any level in any field of science and technology. Metrology is a very broad field and may be divided into three subfields:
Scientific or fundamental metrology concerns the establishment of measurement units, unit systems and the development of new measurement methods, realization of measurement standards and the transfer of traceability from these standards to users in society.
Applied or industrial metrology concerns the application of measurement science to manufacturing and other processes and their use in society, ensuring the suitability of measurement instruments, their calibration and quality control of measurements.
Legal metrology concerns requirements of measurements and measuring instruments for the protection of health, public safety, environment, enabling taxation, protection of consumers and fair trade.
III Answer the questions:
1. What is metrology?
2. What does metrology include?
3. How is metrology defined?
4. Is metrology an old science?
5. What subfields of metrology do you know?
6. What do you know about applied and industrial metrology?
7. What is legal metrology?
IV Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
1. Metrology is … of measurement.
2. Metrology is defined by …
3. Metrology is very broad field and …
4. Scientific and fundamental … of measurement.
5. Legal metrology … protection of health.
V Find the English equivalents to the words:
Споживач, прототип, підгрупа, визначення, маркування, гарантування, дорогоцінне каміння, твердість, єдність вимірювань, охоплювати, прикладна метрологія.
VI Match the words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
1. science a. споживач
2. determinations b. еволюціонувати
3. quality control c. прототип
4. comparisons d. безпека
5. scales e. порівняння
6. prototype f. ваги
7. consumer g. наука
8. evolve h. підгрупа
9. subfield i. контроль якості
10. safety j. визначення
VII True or false statements:
1. Metrology is the science of measurement.
2. Metrology is defined by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures as the science of weight.
3. Traditionally Metrology is divided into three subfields.
4. Legal metrology concerns the application of measurement science to manufacturing and the processes and their use in society.
5. Applied or industrial metrology concerns requirements of measurements and measuring instruments for the protection of health, public safety.
VIII Translate into English:
1. Метрологія – це наука про вимірювання.
2. Метрологія включає всі теоретичні і практичні аспекти вимірювань.
3. Метрологія визначена Міжнародним Бюро Мір і Ваги, як наука про вимірювання.
4. Найвідомішою одиницею вимірювання ваги є кілограм.
5. Наукова метрологія займається розробкою вимірювальних апаратів та їх майбутнім патентуванням.
IX Make up sentences with the terms:
Consumer, to determine, scales, legal metrology, carat size, unity, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, traceability, the International Organization of Legal Metrology, taxation.
X Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:
Derives from, the science of measurement, gemstones, applied, industrial, electricity, legal, the International Organization of Legal Metrology, broad field, scientific, fundamental, a core concept, traceability, to coordinate, national laboratories.
TEXT B
I Read and remember:
1. sustainable – життєздатний, раціональний
2. purchase – купівля
3. weighing – зважування
4. ongoing – постійний
5. maintenance – підтримка
II Read text and define the main idea of it: