- •Англійська мова
- •Київ кнутд 2010
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences with the words from the text:
- •V Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VI Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •VII True or false statements:
- •VIII Translate into English:
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: the earliest systems of weights and measures
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” what is ohm? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •Importance of legal metrology
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” the world’s largest metrology company “mituto” and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 3 metric system text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text: metric system
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: small-unit metric system
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” the metric system “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •International system of units text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •International system of units
- •Si Base Units
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: meter
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” how is temperature measured? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 5 english system of units text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text: english system of units
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it:
- •Vitruvian man
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” who discovered the electricity? “and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •III Answer the questions:
- •IV Complete the sentences:
- •V Find the English equivalents to the words:
- •VI Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •VII True or false statements:
- •VIII Translate into English:
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: key organizations in world metrology
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” what is oiml? “ and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •International organization for standardization text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text:
- •International organization for standardization
- •VIII Translate into English:
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: benefits of iso standards
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” who can join iso? “ and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Unit 8 global coordination of metrology and the cipm text a
- •I Read and remember the words and their translation:
- •II Read and translate the following text: global coordination of metrology and the cipm
- •IX Make up sentences with the terms:
- •I Read and remember:
- •II Read text and define the main idea of it: world metrology day
- •III Make a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •IV Give a summary according to your plan in a written form. Text c
- •II Listen to the text” the iso members” and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f):
МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ
КИЇВСЬКИЙ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ
ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ТА ДИЗАЙНУ
Англійська мова
Методичні вказівки до практичних занять
для студентів IІІ курсу спеціальностей
„Якість стандартизація та сертифікація”
„Метрологія та вимірювальна техніка”
Київ кнутд 2010
Англійська мова: Методичні вказівки до практичних занять для студентів IІІ курсу спеціальність „Якість, стандартизація та сертифікація, „Метрологія та вимірювальна техніка” / Упор.: О.В. Павлусенко, М.С. Копил – К.: КНУТД, 2010 – 36 с. – Англійською мовою
Упорядники: О.В. Павлусенко
М.С. Копил
Рецензент: Н.Д. Бабурова
Відповідальний за випуск завідуюча кафедрою іноземних мов ф-ту ТЛП к.ф.н., доцент, Т.В. Барамикова.
Затверджено на засіданні кафедри іноземних мов ф-ту ТЛП
Протокол № 5 від 02.12.2009 р.
UNIT 1
HISTORY OF METROLOGY
TEXT A
I Read and remember the words and their translation:
1. dactyl – палець
2. palаmi (palm) – рука (одиниця довжини)
3. stone shot – кам’яне ядро
4. pedestrian – пішохід, учасник змагань з спортивної ходьби
5. discovery – відкриття
6. widespread – широко вживаний
7. obol – срібна, пізніше мідна монета в Давній Греції
II Read and translate the following text:
HISTORY OF METROLOGY
The first steps of humanity have already presented the need of finding units of measurement. Human body itself constituted the basis for the creation of the first metrical system. Some of the first units created were the dactyl, palami and step.
In cases of long-distance measurement, the units were constituted by the distance of stone shot, the distance that covers in one day one pedestrian, the period of the sun, the moon etc. Depending on the circumstances similar units are still used. Despite the common root of most metrical systems, they differed from place to place. Thus we had the parallel growth of many systems that rendered the transactions among populations difficult.
In ancient Greece the basic unit of measurement was foot. The size was not constant but depended on the point where the measurement was made. Subdivision of foot was the dactyl.
Basic unit of measurement of weight was the obol. The following units derived from the obol are: drachma, mina and talent. Similar units of measurement were also used by other ancient cultures. In Egypt the most famous unit of length was the royal pechys. Its basic subdivision was the dactyl. Meters of liquids were the ro, hekat, har and cubic pechys.
In Babylonia the most famous unit of length was the Babylonian dactyl. Meter of liquids was the ka. The most ancient of all known weights was mina. The Romans adopted the Greek units of measurement changing only the name of some of them.
In earlier periods of middle Ages the use of Roman system of measurement was extended through all Europe and converted from place to place depending on local needs. This resulted in creating lots of different metric systems. Nevertheless the development of metrical systems was not the expected one. In the 9th century scientists tried to impose uniformity between the various metrical systems but their effort failed.
During the years due to the growth of societies measurements became more complex, while mathematics allowed the creation of specialized metrical units suitable for commercial and scientific use.
Finally the increase of commercial transactions among populations made obvious the need for existence of less metrical systems, which resulted in the predominance of two systems of units nowadays – English and International. Such countries as Britain and its colonies use the English system of measurements. The International system is widespread worldwide.