VIII. Прочитайте и переведите следующие существительные, выделите суффиксы.

difference, resistance, existence, importance, occurrence, reference, dependence, appliance, continuance, correspondence, distance, maintenance.

IX. Подберите синонимы (А) и антонимы (Б)

А		В
happen amount reduce age though consider i.e. obtain	lower century quantity that is discuss get occur although	warming up fast hot reduce turn out simple inside, switch on	cold outside switch out difficult cooling slow turn on increase

X. Подберите к русскому слову соответствующий английский эквивалент.

приспособление направление требование добавление проводник соединять разница резистор сила практический электризовать

apply, application, appliance direction, direct, directly require, requirement, required addition, add, adder conductor, conduct, conductance connection, connect* connective differ, difference, different resist, resistance, resistor strong, strengthen, strength practical, practice, practically electrical, electrify, electricity

XI. Подберите русские (а) и английские (б) эквиваленты.

A B

passage by means of full maintain series beam through wire

полный ряд сквозь луч проволока прохождение поддерживать посредством

циркуляция полюс сопротивление напряжение стандартный колонна вакуум цинк

resistance standard zink circulation pole column voltage vacuum

XII. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Electric current

An electric current can be described as electric charge in motion. In a solid conductor, such as a wire, the current consists of moving electrons, while in certain liquids and in gases the carriers may include positively and negatively charged atoms. In addition a beam of electrons or charged atoms may be sent through a vacuum, i. e. electrons may travel even without any conductor.

The flow of electrons along a wire can be compared to the flow of liquid through pipes. The rate at which the liquid flows may be measured by the amount passing in each unit of time — for example, in gallons per second, in cubic feet per hour, etc. The strength of current may be measured by the amount of charge passing per unit of time. The practical unit is the ampere. One ampere is a rate of flow of one coulomb of charge per second, which means 6.3 billion billion electrons per second. But the speed of electrons is only about a hundredth (0.01) of an inch per second. The reason that a light goes on (загораться) the moment the switch is closed is not that electrons move at high speed, but that the conductors are always «filled» with electrons, just as a pipe system is full of water.

The water system consisting of a series of pipes joined to a pump corresponds to a simple electric circuit made up of a series of wires connected to a battery. The purpose of the pump is to maintain a pressure difference in order to keep the water circulating. The function of the battery is to maintain the electrical pressure difference between its two terminals (клеммы). Electrical pressure difference is also called potential difference (Текст составлен по кн.: Freeman I. M. Physics made simple, p. 136).