1.
History
of international trade
a)
first
was introduced in
shows
us ...
1995.
2.
When
a firm or an individual buys
b)
the
markets and happened a
a
good or a service produced more
lot
less, once or twice a
cheaply
abroad ...
year,
and could last several
days.
3.
Both
producers and consumers
c)
from
commissions or fees
profit...
paid
for their services.
4
Internet
auctions that have
d)
mechanisms
for regional
transformed
the way many goods
and
even international
are
sold...
interactions.
5.
Fairs
are ancient and universal...
e)
one
of the first theories of
international
trade in 1817.
6.
Medieval
fairs were much bigger
0
to
the first European traders
than
...
journeying
into Asia.
7.
Agents
and brokers make profit...
g)
from
international trade.
8.
David
Ricardo developed and
b)
first
in Babylon in 500 B.C.
published...
9.
According
to ancient Greek
i)
how
trade used to take place
scribes,
the more generally
between
various nations in
accepted
auction occurred...
olden
days
10.
The
origins of the import and
j)
living
standards in both
export
industry go back...
countries
increase.
Task 16. Which of the alternatives is correct in the following sentences?
Consumers / sellers can walk into their local shops today and buy goods and services from all over the world.
Wholesalers / retailers sell bulk quantities of building supplies, food and beverages, seed, fertilizer, and many other types of products.
Wholesalers buys goods in smaller / bulk quantities from either manufacturers or importers, then sells in smaller / bulk quantity to retail store.
Retail / wholesale involves the sale of goods from a single point (malls, markets, department stores etc.) directly to the consumer in small quantities for his end use.
A piece of music, a picture, or an article downloaded from the Internet is all examples of tangible / intangible goods.
A broker-intermediary, prior to establishing a relationship with a customer, should assess the risks / value of doing business with that customer.
Fair / market is competitive exhibition of farm products, livestock, etc., that is held annually and often combined with entertainment.
Manufacturers / traders are the ones who are involved in production of goods with the help of machines, labour and raw materials.
Task 17. Translate the sentences paying attention to the words and word combinations in italics.
Trade is an important social activity because the society needs uninterrupted supply of goods for satisfying forever increasing and ever changing but never ending human wants.
Wholesale trade involves buying in large quantities from producers or manufacturers and selling in lots to retailers for resale to consumers.
The end user goes to the retailer to buy the goods (products) in small quantities to satisfy his needs and demands. The complete process is also called as shopping.
Shopping generally refers to the act of buying products.
Shopping is done to obtain necessities such as food and clothing; sometimes it is done as a recreational activity.
Recreational shopping often involves window shopping (just looking, not buying) and browsing does not always result in a purchase.
Shops may be on residential streets, or in shopping streets with little or no houses, or in a shopping centre or shopping mall.
A wholesaler occupies prominent position since manufacturers as well as retailers both are dependent upon him.
Manufacturer's agents work for several producers and carry non competitive, complementary merchandise in an exclusive territory.
The purpose of a commodity exchange is to provide an organized marketplace in which members can freely buy and sell various commodities in which they have an interest.
Task 18. insert the correct preposition to complete the text.
The World Trade Organisation
on *2 |
as *5 |
in x 2 |
of *2 |
with |
for |
between |
The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is the only global
international organisation dealing (1) the rules (2) trade (3)
nations. The WTO was established (4) I January 1995. Its main
function is to ensure that trade flows (5) smoothly, predictably and
freely (6) possible.
WTO is the successor (7) the General Agreement (8)
Tariffs and Trade (GATT), concluded (9) 1947 and (10) nearly 50
years has actually been serving (11) an international organisation.
The WTO aims to create economic peace and stability (12) the world.
Task 19. Reorder the words to make correct sentences.
countries / Trade / two / as / is / known / external / foreign / or / between / trade.
may / Shopping / streets / for / only / be / pedestrians.
Foreign / countries / trade / is / between / trade / the / different / the / of / world.
classified / also / Auctions / can / as / be / or / off-line / online.
types / There / external / are / two / of / trade.
shops / Retail / often / or / establishments / are / called / stores.
is / Foreign / trade / competitive / highly/.
Selling / known / goods / to t other / as / is / export / countries.
Task 20. Translate into English.
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