Рекомендуемая литература:

1. Arnold I.V. The English Word/I.V. Arnold. – M.: 1986. – p. 252-260.

2. Амосова Н.Н. Этимологические основы словарного состава современного английского языка/Н.Н. Амосова. – М.: 1956. – 220с.

СЕМИНАР ПО ТЕМЕ: Словообразование в современном английском языке.

Роль словообразовательных процессов в пополнении словарного состава английского языка. Основные функции словообразования. Продуктивные и непродуктивные способы словообразования.

ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАДАНИЯ

Задание 1.

Выпишите слова, образованные путем аффиксации. Какие аффиксы являются продуктивные, а какие – нет? Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Willie was invited to a party, where refreshments were bountifully served.

“Won’t you have something more, Willie?” the hostess said.

“No, thank you,” replied Willie, with an expression of great satisfaction. “I’m full.”“Well, then,” smiled the hostess, “put some delicious fruit and cakes in your pocket to eat on the way home.”“No, thank you,” came the rather startling response of Willie, “they’re full too.”

2. Patient: Do you extract teeth painlessly?

Dentist: Not always – the other day I nearly dislocated my wrist.

3. The inspector was paying a hurried visit to a slightly overcrowded school.

“Any abnormal children in your class?” he inquired of one harassed-looking teacher.“Yes,” she replied, with knitted brow, “two of them have good manners.”

Задание 2.

Переведите следующие слова на русский язык и определите значение, которые придают префиксы образованным с их помощью словам:

Reddish, adj; overwrite, v; irregular, adj; illegal, adj; old-womanish, adj; unladylike, adj; eatable, adj; overdress, v; snobbish, adj; tallish, adj; sandy, adj.

Задание 3.

Определите случаи конверсии в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. The clerk was eyeing him expectantly.

2. An aggressive man battled his way to Stout’s side.

3. Ten minutes later I was speeding along in the direction of Cape Town.

4. “A man could be happy in a house like this if he didn’t have to poison his days with work,” said Jimmy.

5. In football, the heroes of today are the has-been of tomorrow.

Задание 4.

Переведите следующие предложения, принимая во внимание конверсию:

1. a) “You’ve got a funny nose,” he added. b) He began to nose about. He pulled out drawer after drawer, pottering round like an old bloodhound.

2. a) It so happened that the night before I had been present at a rather cheery little supper. b) So the next night I took him along to supper with me.

3. a) Buck seized Thorton’s hand in his teeth. b) The desk clerk handed me the key.

4. Use the big hammer for those nails and hammer them in well.

Задание 5.

Найдите сокращения в следующих примерах и определите их способ образования:

1. Brown: But, Doc, I got bad eyes! - Doctor: Don’t worry. We’ll put you up front. You won’t miss a thing.

2. “Excuse me, but I’m in a hurry! You’ve had that phone 20 minutes and not said a word!” “Sir, I’m talking to my wife.”

3. Any pro will tell you that the worst thing possible is to overrehearse.

4. He went out by underground to Portland Road station, whence he took a cab and drove to the Zoo.

4. I came down here, and put up at a pub just outside Kerrith.

5. Let’s watch the ‘head’; he might be a kleptomaniac, or whatever they call it. I’d like to tec the ‘head’.

Задание 6.

Определите каким способом словообразования были образованы следующие слова: A mike, to baby-sit, to buzz, a torchlight, homelike, theatrical, to book, unreasonable, SALT, a pub, eatable, a make, thinnish, a go, M.P., earthquake, a find, H-bomb.

Задание 7.

В следующих словах выделите суффиксы лица, предмета, абстрактных существительных, прилагательных, глаголов, наречий:

a) freedom, slowly, comforter, astonishment, gardener, princess, reddish, richness, admiration, girlish, engineer, glassful, childhood, grateful, navigation, growth, threaten, steamer, mouthful, accuser, stenographer;

b) Likelihood, breadth, fighter, faithless, philosopher, understandable, profiteer, foundling, womanish, trickster, development, Chinese, geographer, auntie, westward, leaflet, sympathize, realism, manhood, resemblance, authorship, auctioneer, biographer.

Задание 8.

Переведите следующие слова на русский язык и определите значение, которые придают префиксы образованным с их помощью словам:

a) dishearten, antifascist, rebuild, dissatisfied, produce, enslave, enrich, repeat, international, encircle, obedient, reaction, distinguish, respect, rewrite, endanger, encourage, introduce, recount, co-existence;

b) Prescribe, preoccupation, readjustment, submarine, recite, intercede, disagreement, transform, interchange, disobey, precede, report, forbid, research, reduce, counterattack, rejoin, enlarge, belittle, mistake, misunderstanding.

Задание 9.

В следующих предложениях встречаются глаголы, образованные путем конверсии; определите с какими однокоренными прилагательными или существительными они соотносятся; переведите глагол и исходное слово.

1. After tea I asked the permission to go and post the letter.

2. Two great streets cross and divide the city into four quarters.

3. You may remember that I lectured in Newark not long ago for the young gentlemen.

4. I’ve told you forty times not to touch jam or I would whip you.

5. She might come and room with her.

6. This club was housed comfortably on Twelfth Street near Fifth Avenue.

7. They valued their lives.

Задание 10.

Образуйте глаголы от следующих существительных и прилагательных с помощью конверсии: dress, hound, hand, man, tidy, nose, toy, room, star, dry, slice, floor, park, fish, trap, telegraph, buttonhole, week-end, grey, wireless, snake, stomach, tiptoe, steady.