Вариант 19

I. Перепишите предложения и преобразуйте их из прямой речи в косвенную. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) “The constitution of the USA was adopted in 1789”, the student said.

2) “Are magistrates paid salaries?” Steve asked.

3) “Don’t argue with me”, my father asked.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, обращая внимание на перевод условных предложений.

1) If it rains tomorrow, our game will be cancelled.

2) If she hadn’t missed the bus, she would not have been late for work.

3) If a robber attacked him in a dark street, he would defend himself.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод инфинитива и инфинитивных конструкций, подчеркните их (в англ. предложении).

1) They heard the plaintiff give evidence.

2) The arrest of the criminal is reported to have been affected.

3) It was difficult for her to drive a car.

IV. Прочитайте, перепишите и письменно переведите текст:

Crime.

Crime in categorized as a part of public law - the law regulating the relations between citizens and the state. Crimes can be thought of as acts which the state considers to be wrong and which can be punished by the state.

In many legal systems it is an important principle that a person cannot be considered guilty of a crime until the state proves he committed it. The suspect himself need not prove anything, although he will of course help himself if he can show evidence of his innocence. The state must prove his guilt according to high standards; and for each crime there are precise elements which must be proven. In codified systems, these elements are usually recorded in statutes. In common law systems, the elements of some crimes are detailed in statutes; others, known as "common law crimes", are still described mostly in case law. Even where there is a precise statute, the case law interpreting the statute may be very important since the circumstances of each crime may be very different.

V. Поставьте письменно 4 вопроса к тексту.

Вариант 20

I. Перепишите предложения и преобразуйте их из прямой речи в косвенную. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) “How long will it take me to get there?” he asked.

2) “Don’t cry”, mother told her daughter.

3) “He has achieved great success in his studies”, the professor said.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, обращая внимание на перевод условных предложений.

1) If I don’t finish my report today, I shall do it tomorrow.

2) If he had worked hard, he would have achieved great progress.

3) If he didn’t pass his exam, he would not get a scholarship.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод инфинитива и инфинитивных конструкций, подчеркните их (в англ. предложении).

1) Any state machine is known to reflect the interests of the ruling class.

2) The defendant preferred to make a statement through his solicitor.

3) It is necessary for him to do this work.

IV. Прочитайте, перепишите и письменно переведите текст:

Crime.

Crime has three major types: crime against person, crime against property, and crime against the public order.

A crime against person always involves force or threat of force against the body of another (murder, battery, rape, robbery, extortion, kidnapping, etc.).

Crimes against property are distinguished by an absence of force against a person and loss of property (theft, embezzlement, false pretences, forgery, burglary, arson, etc.).

Crimes against public order include rioting, treason, and most of the "victimless" crimes (prostitution, sale of pornography, drug deals). Violence to person or loss of property may or may not be present. What is present, is behavior seen harmful to the integrity of community to such an extent as to call for criminal punishment. Sometimes we see these as "moral crimes".