I. Listening and reading
Listen to the text
Read and translate the text
The great belt east bridge
T
he
Great Belt East Bridge is part of a link between
Denmark and Sweden. The first design
was made
in 1965. It consisted of a box
girder bridge
with two central spans,
each
400m in length. These were
supported
by
piers.
The idea was that ships sailing in
one
direction
would pass under one span, and those sailing in the other direction
would use the other span.
B
ecause
ships became larger and larger, this design
was abandoned
and a new design made
in 1973. This had a much wider central span
of 780m. This is greater than the limit for
box girder bridges – around 500m. At this point
even the strongest steel
bends under its
own weight.
So a
cable stay bridge was proposed.
With cable stay bridges, the decks
are
built out
from each pier until they meet in
the middle. The longer the bridge, the more
difficult it is to
control
the movement
of
the ends when it is windy – 1,000m is about
the limit for such bridges.
Construction was further delayed and in the meantime ships grew larger than ever. Experiments showed that large ships could not safely pass each other under the bridge – even with the wider span. The risk of collision was too great. The only alternative was a suspension bridge. A new design was made in 1993 for a suspension bridge with a 1,600m span – at that time the longest bridge in the world. To support such a span, two huge towers, each 254m high, were built. The bridge deck is quite slender – only four metres deep. To prevent twisting in the wind, the deck was specially shaped. The suspension bridge was finally completed in 1998.
Notes:
The Great Belt East Bridge – [brɪdʒ]
Denmark [ˈdenmɑːk] – Дания
Sweden [ˈswiːdən] – Швеция
II. Vocabulary
The first design was made in 1965. |
делать, выполнять проект Первый проект был сделан в 1965 году. |
The box girder bridge had two central spans, each 400m in length. |
балочный мост с прогонами коробчатого сечения Балочный мост с прогонами коробчатого сечения имел два пролета, каждый 400 метров длиной. |
To support a span, two huge [hjuːdʒ] towers were built.
|
поддерживать пролет
Чтобы поддержать пролет, были построены две огромные башни. |
The spans were supported by piers. |
поддерживаться промежуточной опорой Пролеты поддерживались промежуточными опорами. |
Large ships could not pass under the bridge. |
проходить под мостом
Большие корабли не могли пройти под моcтом. |
I'd give you a lift, but I'm going in the opposite [ˈɒpəzɪt] direction. |
направление Я бы подвез вас, но я еду в противоположном (обратном) направлении. |
The game had to be abandoned because of rain. |
отказываться от чего-либо, прекращать (что-либо / делать что-либо) Игру пришлось остановить из-за дождя. |
When a span is very long even the strongest steel bends. |
прогибаться под собственным весом
Когда пролет очень большой, даже самая прочная сталь прогибается под собственным весом. |
The decks are built out from each pier until they meet in the middle. |
строить мостовое полотно Мостовые полотна строятся от колонны к колонне, до тех пор, пока они не встретятся на середине. |
A cable stay bridge was proposed. |
предлагать проект балочно-вантового моста
Был предложен проект балочно-вантового моста. |
It is difficult to control the movement of the bridge when it is windy.
|
контролировать колебание Очень трудно контролировать колебание моста в ветреную погоду. |
The construction of the bridge was delayed. |
откладывать строительство Строительство моста было отложено. |
The risk of collision was too great. |
риск столкновения Риск столкновения был очень велик. |
Can you suggest an alternative?
There was no alternative but to close the road until February. |
альтернатива Ты можешь предложить альтернативу? Ничего не оставалось кроме как закрыть дорогу до февраля. |
The suspension bridge was with a span of 1,600m in length.
|
подвесной мост
Подвесной мост имел пролет 1,600 метров длиной. |
The bridge deck is quite slender – only four metres deep. |
тонкий, узкий Полотно моста очень тонкое – четыре метра толщиной. |
To prevent twisting in the wind the deck was specially shaped. |
предотвращать скручивание
Чтобы предотвратить скручивание моста в ветреную погоду, полотну была придана особая форма. |