1. back-formation*

2. word-composition

3. Conversion

4. Affixation

5. word-derivation

212. What is the connotational meaning

1. the component of meaning that considers emotive charge and stylistic reference of words*

2. the component of meaning that distinguishes one word from all others containing identical morphemes

3. the component of meaning recurrent in identical sets of individual forms of different words

4. the component of meaning recurrent in identical sets of individual forms of different words

5. the denotational meaning

213. Absolute (or complete) synonyms are

1. words coinciding in all their shades of meaning and in all their stylistic characteristics*

2. words conveying the same notion but differing in shades of meaning

3. words which differ in connotations

4. words conveying the same notion but differing in shades of meaning

5. words identical in their sound-form or in graphic form or in both, but different in meaning

214. The White House, boston, volt, mackintosh are cases of

1. a metonymy*

2. a metaphor

3. a euphemism

4. an irony

5. litotes

215. Which of the following words are homophones

1. night (n) – knight (n)*

2. tear (n) – tear (v)

3. lead (n) – lead (v)

4. wind (n) – wind (v)

5. new (adj) – old (adj)

216. What common element do the words cities, tables, relations have

1. the grammatical meaning of plurality*

2. the lexical meaning

3. the stylistic coloring

4. the denotational meaning

5. the connotational meaning

217. “I have told you 10 times” is an example of a

1. hyperbole*

2. Metonymy

3. Metaphor

4. euphemism

5. litotes

218. The selection of lexical units, arrangement and setting of the entries is one of the main problem in

1. lexicography*

2. lexicology

3. phonetics

4. phraseology

5. Grammar

219. Which of the following sentences has an idiom

1. “why can’t the mayor just cut all the red tape and let us have a parade without a permit?”*

2. there are two possible explanations about the origin of this famous phrase

3. some idioms originated as colloquialisms or slang

4. some idioms were well-known proverbs and short sayings that express practical, basic truth

5. it’s time to go to bed

220. Which of the following words are of French origin

1. beau, commence, chauffeur*

2. empty, ask, belly

3. afternoon, and, ask

4. hyena, home, husband

5. hippopotamus, guerilla, caftan

221. Which of the following words are native English

1. summer, hope, life*

2. vacuum, exist, act

3. machine, parachute, valley

4. xylophone, epoch, chemist

5. confetti, macaroni, life

222. A stem is

1. an unchanged part*

2. a functional affix

3. a derivational affix

4. a prefix

5. a suffix

223. Suffix -er is

1. productive and active*

2. non-productive and active

3. active

4. productive

5. productive and non-active

224. Conversion is a word-building process in which words are built

1. by means of changing the paradigm*

2. by joining two or more stems together

3. by adding word-building affixes to stems

4. by combining parts of two words

5. by shortening a written word or phrase

225. Sound imitation, reduplication, clipping, abbreviation are

1. minor types of word making *

2. productive ways of word-building

3. principal ways of word-building

4. ways of making up phraseological units

5. ways of changing syntactic pattern and paradigm of words

226. Compound words contain

1. not less than two morphemes*

2. one free morpheme

3. not less than two morphemes of which at least one is bound

4. not less than two free morphemes and one bound morpheme

5. a group of words

227. Dictionaries of abbreviations, antonyms, borrowings, new words are

1. special dictionaries*

2. general dictionaries

3. glossaries

4. rhyming and thesaurus type of dictionaries

5. etymological dictionaries

228. Which of the following words is the case of an initial clipping

1. story, phone, cello*

2. T-shirt, H-bone, V-day

3. flu, fridge, tech

4. babble, chatter, giggle

5. beg, housekeep, butler

229. -age, -an, -ary are

1. noun-forming suffixes*

2. verb--forming suffixes

3. adjective-forming suffixes

4. adverb-forming suffixes

5. numeral-forming suffixes

230. Sources of synonyms are