Vocabulary

2. Read and translate these sentences into Russian so as to have a better idea of how these words can be used.

purchase v, n

1. The museum is trying to raise money to purchase (= buy) a painting by Van Gogh.

2. Except under clearly defined circumstances it is illegal in Britain for a company to purchase its own shares.

3. A house is the most expensive purchase that most people ever make.

trifle n, v

1. I wonder why you get upset by every trifle.

2. It's a trifle difficult, but I'll try to find out all about it as soon as possible.

3. (at table): Could I have a trifle (a bit / a little) less?

4. £100 is a mere trifle for him.

5. I don't advise you to trifle with his feelings, dear! He's not a man to be trifled with.

transfer ['traensf3:] n, transfer [trasns'fs:] v

1. He transferred some of his money to his wife's account.

2. We can transfer the class to Tuesday if you don't mind.

3. I hear you're transferring to another team. Your transfer to a club abroad will, no doubt, be a shock to your British fans.

4. The office will be transferred to another building.

5. New technology will speed up the transfer of information.

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Part 2

observe v, observation n, observer n, observatory n

1. The verb to observe has the following meanings:

1. to watch (esp. scientifically)

2. to notice

3. to say / remark

4. to keep (rules, customs, traditions, silence).

2. The role of scientists is to observe the world, not to try to control it.

3. He spent a year in Africa, observing the behaviour of animals in different situations.

4. The suspect was observed leaving the house.

5. The conference was attended by 200 delegates and by political observers from 30 countries.

6. "I've always found the old man's advice extremely useful," he observed.

7. We all agree that law and order must be observed, don't we?

8. The book is full of interesting observations on the nature of musical composition.

9. May I make an observation (= remark)?

10. When you are in London, don't fail to visit the Greenwich Observatory!

treasure n, v

1. While making the excavations they found treasure beyond their wildest dreams.

1. You must all have read Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson.

2. The museum houses some of the most priceless art treasures in the world.

2. Thank you for this gift. I'll treasure it.

3. A treasure trove is money, gold or other valuable objects found hidden usually in the ground and whose owner is unknown.

exquisite adj

1. The room we found ourselves was furnished in exquisite taste. 2.1 admire her exquisite manners.

3. The surgeon worked with exquisite care.

3. Among the museum's latest acquisitions there were some exquisite ancient vases.

ravishing adj

1. Mary was a ravishing sight in her wedding dress.

2. She was considered a ravishing beauty by her contemporaries.

3. They make absolutely ravishing dishes at that restaurant.

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Unit six

assess v, assessment n

syn. evaluate v, evaluation n

1. To assess' means 'to judge or decide' the amount, value, quality or importance of something.

2. His property was assessed at £100.000.

3. They managed to assess the situation, and acted accordingly.

4. It's too easy to assess the long-term consequences of the latest events.

5. Whose fault is it that the assessments of possible production costs were hopelessly inaccurate?

6. The insurers will have to assess the damage caused by the fire.

7. The flood damage was assessed at $300,000.

8. Examinations are not the only means to assess someone's ability.

profound adj

1.1 was amazed at his profound knowledge of Russian history.

2. When the rescuers had found the mountain climbers some of them were in a state of profound shock.

3. Global warming has a profound impact on the world's climate.

D on't mix up!

in accordance with - в (точном ) соответствии с (условиями, зако­ном и т. д.) according to как сказано, как указано...

Compare

1. We do our business in full accordance with the legislation of this ^: country.

2. (from a business letter) In accordance with the contract you are (supposed) to remunerate the experts at your expense.

3. According to the map, the place we are looking for is two kilometers away from here.

4. According to the weather forecast it will be dry and sunny all week.

b oast v, n, boastful adj

1. He boasts of being the best tennis player in his college. (= He boasts that he is...)

2. "How are you getting on?" "There is nothing to boast of (about), I'm afraid."

3. The old man often boasts to his neighbours about (of) the successes of his grandchildren.

4. He's very boastful, isn't he?

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Part 2

GRAMMAR

Remember!

They could do nothing	but	give	in.	- Им	ничего не оставалось, как
уступить.
They had nothing to do	and	went	to	a pub	. - Им было нечего делать,
и они пошли в паб.

Make sentences by choosing from A and В and translate them into Rus­sian.

I could do nothing

I had nothing to do

The children have nothing to do

They can do nothing

в

and felt bored.

but agree to their conditions.

but apologize.

and behave badly.

4. Translate the following into English.

1. Ему ничего не оставалось делать, как только подчиниться правилам.

2. Детям было нечем заняться, и они вели себя ужасно.

1. Детям ничего не оставалось делать, кроме как обещать вести себя хорошо.

3. Мне ничего не оставалось, кроме как извиниться за мое вторжение.

4. Он сказал, что ему здесь нечего делать и он собирается уходить.

2. Мне ничего не остается делать, кроме как признать, что это была моя вина.

Adjectives (word order)

Your own opinion	Size/ weight	Age	Shape	Colour	Country of origin	Material	NOUN
beautiful		ancient			Greek	marble	statue
	big		round	green		glass	vase

This table might look really frightening if it were supposed to be learnt by heart. It is a useful reference table showing how close an adjective should be to the noun it describes.

If you use it this way, you will find that it is actually merciful. It needn't to be learnt by heart for two reasons:

1) A good speaker will never use more than two or three adjectives before the noun he describes.

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Unit six

2 ) The position of an adjective as an attribute (определение) in an English sentence is in most cases similar to what we can see in a corresponding Russian sentence:

a beautiful ancient Greek sculpture - прекрасная древнегреческая скульптура.

5. Use the table to put the adjectives in the correct order.

1. A(n) ancient / charming / work of art

2. A(n) old / obdurate / man

3. A(n) French / young / gifted artist

4. A(n) bronze / enormous / ugly monument

5. A(n) round / wooden / brand-new table

6. A(n) silk / snow-white / pretty dress

7. A(n) Japanese / black / small watch

8. A(n) light-blue / china / exquisite tea set

6. Which adjectives would you use to describe these things?

7. You've been to an antique shop recently. Write a letter to your friend, describing some of the things you saw there (vases, desks, pictures, etc).

8. Read the dialogues. Who are А, В, С and D? Where are they? Make simi­ lar dialogues of your own.

A. Excuse me, sir! How do we get to the British museum from here?

B. You can take a bus. The bus stop is over there across the road. The Brit­ ish Museum is three stops from here.

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Part 2

С . I think we can take a walk. The weather is divine today, isn't it! Is it a long

walk? B. No, no, ladies, not at all! Just follow the bus. It's about fifteen minutes'

walk from here. A. Thank you!

C. We'd like to have two tickets, please.

D. You don't need any tickets, ladies. The museum is free. But your do­ nations are most welcome! Here's the map of the museum with colour plans and visitor information. You can find any information you need in it. It's two pounds, please.

C. Here you are.

D. I suggest you leave your bags in the cloakroom. A. OK, we will. Thank you.

A. What do you think we should start our tour with?

C. I know the British Museum has one of the greatest ancient Egypt's col­lections in the world. Let's see Egyptian sculpture and mummies first. They must be on the main floor. Then we can go and see Greek and Ro­man art. I love ancient Greek vases!

A. Would you like to see their famous collection of coins? Just listen to what the map says: "The magnificent collection of over 750,000 coins covers the history of coinage from its origins to the present day."

C. You are not going to see all 750,000 coins, are you? We can't spend the whole day here. We can come again some other time, OK?

A. OK. But first, let me pop into the museum shop!

С Oh, no!!!!

Ш Revision of Phrasal verbs 9. Complete the sentences by choosing the words from the box.

o f, up, out, on, over, round, off, in, down, with, for, across

1 . Where did you come ... this information?

2.1 wonder how many times you have already tried to give ... smoking?

3. It turned ... to be a difficult job.

4. Prices hardly ever come ... they always seem to go ... .

5. Don't forget to put... your hat. It's cold outside.

6. Nobody believed his story. It was obvious that he had made it....

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7. When his father had died he took ... the company.

8.1 wonder why he has turned ... their offer.

9. This table takes ... too much space. We need something smaller.

10. She said that she could no longer put his rudeness.

11. When will you come ... ? We are always so happy to see you at our place.

12. Don't put... till tomorrow what you can do today.

13. He used to be a famous athlete but doesn't go any competitions

now.

10. Here are a few witty quotations on art. Do you agree with the ideas ex­pressed in them?

"To my mind the old masters are not art; their value is in their scarcity." Thomas A. Edison (1847-1931), an American inventor

"We are not interested in the unusual, but in the usual seen unusually." Beaumont Newhall (1908-1993), an American art historian, writer and photographer

"Nobody ever raised a monument to a critic." Author unknown

"The people who make art their business are mostly imposters." Pablo Picasso (1881-1973), a Spanish painter and sculptor.

"If my husband would ever meet a woman on the street who looked like the women in his paintings, he would fall over in a dead faint." Mrs Pablo Picasso

"There is no such thing as modern art. There is art - and there is adver­tising."

Albert Sterner (1863-1946),

an American painter

Parti

_{UNIT SEVEN}

Fashion is a form of ugliness so intoler­able that we have to alter* it every six months.

Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish playwright, novelist and poet

Discuss this before you read the text.

1. Women are more interested in fashion than men. Do you agree?

2. Are you interested in fashion? Do you always follow the fashion?

1. What is more important for you to be always dressed in the latest fash­ ion or to have your own style in clothes? Explain why.

2. Have you ever been to a fashion show? Where was it? What was it like? Were you impressed? What impressed you most?

PART1

Read the text and make sure that you understand it. The list of new words on p. 165-166 will help you.

CHANEL - PUBLIC FAME AND PRIVATE ENIGMA**

Gabrielle Chanel, who died in her suite in the Ritz in Paris on January 10, 1971 at the age of 87, was one of a handful of de­signers who can be said to have radically changed the way in which women dress. She was the winner in terms of publicity, longevity and mass-market appeal.

Chanel's contribution to fashion was to 'make it smart to look poor'. She cre­ated a style which was the very opposite of the Edwardian idea of dress, of opulence. in place of elaborate, floppy clothes she ntroduced pleated skirts, trousers, made

* Alter ['o:lts] \/изменять(ся), вносить изменения.

** Glynn P. Public fame and private enigma // The Times, 1971; http://www.wikipedia.org/

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the fabric jersey acceptable and showed bright colours. She had her own fab­ulous jewels copied into cheap, marvellous fakes and all at once it was smart­er to wear the false than the real. She designed a shoe, pale flesh-coloured skin with a black toecap. Her jackets were individual enough to be named after her - edge to edge, high round neck, no fastenings, made from tweed quilted onto pure silk and trimmed with thick braid and gold buttons with a lion's head on them. Although black dresses had existed before Chanel, the little ones she designed were considered the haute couture standard.

As with most ancient monuments, Chanel's life is well documented: her romances with the English aristocracy, her friends in the artistic circles of the world, etc.

The origin of her nickname Coco is uncertain. Some sources state that it was acquired at the turn of the 20^th century when Chanel, then a cabaret singer, performed the song called Ко Ко Ri Ко (French for 'Cock-a-doodle-do' or «Ку­кареку» in Russian) and her audiences cried 'Coco' when they wanted an en­core.

She was said to have had a romance with the Duke of Westminster and considered getting married to him, but she finally turned him down, explaining with characteristic bluntness. "There are a lot of duchesses, but only one Coco Chanel."

There is a dark stain on her biography. When France was occupied by the Nazis during World War II, Coco Chanel had a love affair with a German officer of high rank and was allerged to have sympathized with the Nazis.

She was tough, with a very masculine mind, she was not generous nor was she particularly loyal to her friends.

Chanel's original success was in Paris in the twenties and her comeback in 1954 was widely rumoured to be only in order to boost the sales of her (and the world's) top-selling scent, Chanel Number 5.

To those who only knew her late in life and professionally, she was a tiny figure sitting on the curving stairs in the Rue Canbon like a bad-tempered tor­toise. She would sit there, shelled in vivid tweeds, clinking her beads and brooches with the noise tortoises make and darting a stare at anyone unfortu­nate enough to have to quit before the end of the huge collection.

It is impossible to chart pictorially the evolution of Chanel as a designer, because she did not evolve. Rather fashion evolved round her. She created a look, which was overwhelmingly successful when it was launched and which has left ineradicable traces in fashion. That look was revived at her comeback in the fifties. She created fashion which was aside from the main stream and yet was always perfectly valid. Chanel's influence on haute couture was such that she was the only person in the field to be named in Time's Magazine's 100 most influential people of the 20^th century. What Coco Chanel thought about her prospects is an enigma. The things she would never talk about, it seems, were her clothes and her past.

164

Names

aute couture (Fr.) [autku'tjira] высокая мода, моделирование и пошив

одежды высокого класса ЗаопеИе (Coco) Chanel [,gsebn'el (ко'кэи) Ja'nel] Edwardian [ed'wordian] эпоха короля Эдуарда VII (1901-1910) ⁼ je Canbon [ru: клц'Ьоп] улица в Париже

New Words

handful ['haendful] л горсть, зд. небольшая группа

publicity [pAb'lisiti] n известность, слава

longevity [lDn'd3eviti] л долголетие

appeal [э'рЫ] л привлекательность, притягательность

smart [sma:t] adj зд. модный, элегантный

opulence [Tjpjutans] л изобилие, богатство

elaborate [I'laebant] adj3fl. искусно сделанный, тонкой работы

floppy fftopi] adj3fl. свободного кроя

pleated ['pli:tid] adj в складку

fabric ['febnk] n ткань

jersey ['d33:zi] n джерси

fabulous ['faebjolss] adj потрясающий, изумительный

fake [feik] n подделка, adj поддельный

edge [еф] п оторочка, кромка

fastening [Tcusnir)] n зд. застежка

tweed [twi:d] n твид

quilted f'kwiltid] adj3fl. на подкладке

trimmed [tnmd] adj3&. отделанный

braid [breid] n тесьма

encore [orj'ko:] n бис

bluntness fbLvntnis] n прямота

stain [stem] n пятно

rumour ['гштэ] v распространять слухи, п слух (сплетня)

boost [bu:st] v поддержать, стимулировать

scent [sent] n зд. духи, приятный запах

curving ['k3:virj] adj зд. витая (о лестнице)

curve л изгиб, виток tortoise ['to:tas] л черепаха shelled [/eld] adj имеющий раковину, панцирь vivid [Vivid] adj живой, яркий brooch [brautf] л брошь dart [da:t] v бросать, метать

Parti

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Unit seven

q uit [kwit] v покидать, уходить

chart [tfa:t] i/составить схему, график

pictorially [pik'toinsli] adv графически

overwhelmingly [suvg'welminli] adv всеобъемлюще

launch [bmtj] V3fl. выпускать (товар) на рынок

ineradicable [mi'raedikabl] adj неизгладимый

trace [treis] n след

revive [n'vaiv] узд. возродить

Questions for discussion.

1. According to the text, Chanel 'radically changed the way in which women dress'. Try to prove this assertion if you agree with it.

1. What was Chanel's contribution to the fashion world?

2. How did she acquire her nickname Coco?

3. What kind of person was she? Describe her character.

2. Why do you think the title of the text is: "Chanel - public fame and pri­ vate enigma"?

3. Coco Chanel once said: "Fashion is made to become unfashionable." Do you agree? If you do, give your reasons.

4. Do you know anything about Chanel's cooperation with Dyagilev who was famous for his "Russian Seasons" in Paris in the beginning of the 20^th century?

EXERCISES

Find English equivalents in the text for the following (you may think of better Russian translations).

1. ...принадлежала к небольшой группе дизайнеров, о которых мож­ но сказать, что они изменили стиль женской одежды.

2. Для массового потребителя она была первой и по своей извест­ ности, и по долголетию, и по привлекательности.

3. «...быть элегантной, но небогатой на вид».

4. С ее собственных потрясающих драгоценностей были сделаны ве­ ликолепные дешевые копии, и сразу же стало более модным но­ сить не натуральные драгоценности, а бижутерию.

5. В ее пиджаках было достаточно индивидуальности, чтобы они мог­ ли носить ее имя...

6. Так же как происходит и с большинством памятников древности, жизнь Шанель подробно документирована...

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Parti

7. ...и говорили, что она якобы симпатизировала нацистам.

8. Она была жесткой, с мужским складом ума, она не была ни ще­ дрой, ни особенно преданной своим друзьям.

9. ...и ее возвращение в 1954 году, по слухам, было специально орга­ низовано для увеличения продаж ее всемирно известных и поль­ зующихся самым большим спросом духов «Шанель № 5».

10. Для тех, кто знал ее в последние годы ее жизни и с профессио­ нальной стороны...

11. Скорее мода менялась вокруг нее.

12. Влияние Шанель на высокую моду было таково, что она была един­ ственным представителем мира моды, которого журнал «Тайме» назвал среди 100 самых влиятельных людей XX века.