Практическая по Word Groups.

№ 1. State meanings of the given polysemantic adjectives on the basis of their lexical valency, i.e. with the help of nouns they are combined with.

Пример: smart: 1) shirt, car, garden, officer; 2) person, child, carpenter; 3) blow, rise/fall, attack; 4) restaurant, set (society). According to its lexical valency the adjective smart has the following meanings: 1) 'neat and stylish in appearance'; 2) 'good or quick in thinking, clever'; 3) 'quick and forceful'; 4) 'being or used by very fashionable people'.

dry: 1) shirt, soil, paint; 2) climate, month, heat, summer; 3) sherry, wine; 4) book, subject, lecture, text; 5) joke, answer, humour, thanks, manners;

broad: 1) shoulders, river, chest, staircase, smile; 2) lands, plains, fields; 3) opinions, view, taste, ideas; 4) outline of a plan (framework), sense; 5) hint, statement, purpose, distinction; 6) joke, laugh, story, humour;

№ 2. Analyze the lexical valency of the polysemantic word to charge. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. He charged the man ten cents for the pencil. 2. He charged the battery. 3. He charged them to do their duty. 4. He charged these goods to the man's account. 5. The soldiers charged the enemy. 6.I don't want to charge my memory with trifles. 7. The judge charged him with the crime.

№ 3. Translate the sentences into Russian paying special attention to the grammatical valency of the italicized words. State the difference in the grammatical valency of the corresponding words in the Russian and English languages. Пример: If you're not sure of the answers, say so. Если ты не уверен в ответах, так и скажи. Russian: быть уверенным в чем-л. - English: to be sure of smth.

1. He firmly believes that she is innocent of the crime. 2.I explained the situation to the bank manager and he arranged a loan. 3. Several children in the class cannot speak English. 4. Did the newspapers really affect the outcome of the election? 5. Robson strongly objected to the terms of the contract. 6. I first encountered him when studying at Cambridge. 7. A 23-year-old woman was found guilty of murder in the Central Court today. 8. Her family strongly disapproved of her behaviour. 9. Don't bother him with your complaints. 10. I'll stay here and wait for Mike.

№ 4. Arrange the word-groups according to the degree of their motivation, starting with the highest.

1) gay bird, beautiful bird, blackbird; 2) cold wind, cold feet, cold war, cold hands; 3) light hand, light burden, light supper, light artillery; 4) blue funk (страх), blue skirt, blue stocking, blue fox; 5) big cheese, delicious cheese, white cheese, Swiss cheese; 6) wicked tongue, smoked tongue, coated tongue; 7) big boy, big house, big money, big talk; 8) angry tone, high tone, mental tone.

1. Free word-groups versus phraseological units versus words

A phraseological unit can be defined as a reproduced and idiomatic (non-motivated) or partially motivated unit built up according to the model of free word-groups (or sentences') and semantically and syntactically brought into correlation with words.