Екзаменаційний Білет № 9

З предмету іноземна мова (за професійним спрямуванням)

Спеціальність «Будівництво гідротехнічних споруд»

III курс

Task 1: Read the text and answer to the following questions

Texture and structure of soils

Texture and structure of soils are interrelated factors which serve together as a means for the evaluation of soil masses for engineering purposes. The texture of a soil mass refers to the arrangement of the individual soil particles. The structure is determined by the particle size of given soil and depends upon chemical composition and the history of the deposit.

The distinct types of texture and structure result in two main classes of soils: granular and cohesive. Gravels and sands are examples of the first class, and clays represent the second class.

The range of particle size may vary from the fine particles of clay to coarse gravel. Dependent upon the percentage of coarse and fine grains soils are classified as gravels, sands, clays.

The coarse or sandy materials are termed «light-structured» soils, the extremely finely grained, such as clays, are termed «heavy- structured» soils.

The structure is determined by mechanical analysis. A given sample is sifted through a set of sieves that separate the particles into groups of minimum and maximum sizes.

1. What distinct types of texture and structure do you know?

2. How do texture and structure of soils interrelate?

3. How can you determine the structure?

Task 2 Translate the words

1. Ткань, строение

2. Оценка

3. Осадок, отложение

4. Мелкий, чистый, очищенный

Task 3 Past Continuous (was/were + V-ing)

1. Not many people (shopping) in this store. (were shopping)

2. He found a checkout where no one else (wait). (was waiting)

3. The security guard (stand) at the other end of the store. (was standing)

4. When Claire arrived, Henry (walk) up and down. (was walking)

5. I had a wonderful dream. I (sit) in the park, the sun (shine) and the birds (sing). (was sitting, was shining, were singing)

_ МКТФ ОНМА ___________ _______________________

Екзаменаційний Білет № 10

З предмету іноземна мова (за професійним спрямуванням)

Спеціальність «Будівництво гідротехнічних споруд»

III курс

Task 1: Read the text and answer to the following questions

Calculations for retaining walls

There are probably few subjects in engineering on which there has been more discussion and about which more papers have been written than on the design of retaining walls for docks.

A heavy load, such as crane, directly resting upon the upper surface of the wall itself, is beneficial to stability, whereas a similar load imposed on the ground behind the wall, within certain limits, has an adverse effect.

It is difficult to ensure that the safe superload upon the ground in rear of a wall shall not be exceeded. Where there is only local, and covers, for instance, only some twenty or thirty feet of the length of the wall, it may not be of serious moment, but failures have been caused through the stacking of high heaps of minerals, behind long lengths of wall, which imposed a thrust upon the wall which had never been allowed for.

In one instance, for example, a cargo of steel rails was unloaded and stacked behind a length of some 200 feet of wall imposing nearly three times the load which had been allowed for in the design, but fortunately in this instance without any serious results.

1. Give general information about retaining walls for docks.

2. What do you know about heavy load?

Task 2 Translate the words

1. Вычисление, расчёт

2. Облагать, налагать

3. Обеспечивать, гарантировать

4. Сверх нагрузка

5. Местный

Task 3 Use Will or Present Simple.

a) If ____________ (you/take) a train, ___________ (it/be) much more comfortable.

b) If ____________ (you/need) a car, you can hire one when ____________ (you/get) to Glasgow.

c) As soon as ___________ (I/arrive), ____________ (I/ring) you, I promise.

d) ______________ (I/be) worried until _____________ (I/hear) from you.

e) ______________ (not/ring) before _____________ (I/be) awake in the morning.

f) I must get to the bank before ___________ (it/close).

(take, will be; need, get; arrive, will ring, will be, hear; don’t ring, am awake; closes)

МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ, МОЛОДІ ТА СПОРТУ УКРАЇНИ

МОРЕХІДНИЙ КОЛЕДЖ ТЕХНІЧНОГО ФЛОТУ

ОДЕСЬКОЇ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ МОРСЬКОЇ АКАДЕМІЇ