Vocabulary. Part II

1. (adj) a _____ organization or system is not effective because it is too large or has too many workers

____________

2. (compound preposition) because of something; due to something

3. (adj) an asset or debt or financing activity not on the company's balance sheet

Some companies may have significant amounts of _______ assets and liabilities. For example, financial institutions often offer asset management or brokerage services to their clients. The assets in question (often securities) usually belong to the individual clients directly or in trust, while the company may provide management, depository or other services to the client. The company itself has no direct claim to the assets, and usually has some basic fiduciary duties with respect to the client. Financial institutions may report off-balance sheet items in their accounting statements formally, and may also refer to "assets under management," a figure that may include on and _______ items.

4. (adj) using comparatively little fuel

5. (adv) speeded up

6. (n) 1. a detail added to a story to make it more interesting, especially one that is not completely true, or the process of doing this; 2. a decoration added to something in order to make it more beautiful, or the process of doing this

7. (n) a cost or expense (such as for administration, insurance, rent, and utility charges) that (1) relates to an operation or the company as a whole, (2) does not become an integral part of a good or service (unlike raw material or direct labor), and (3) cannot be applied or traced to any specific unit of output. They are indirect costs.

8. (2 words) a long pipe, esp. underground, used to transport natural gas over long distances

9. (adv) 1. finally, after everything else has been done or considered; 2. at last; in the end; eventually

10. (2 words) intentional avoidance of tax payment usually by inaccurately declaring taxable income

11. (idiom) to be in control of a situation

12. (n) reduction of market share

13. (2 words) organizations which pool large sums of money and invest those sums in securities, real property and other investment assets. They can also include operating companies which decide to invest their profits to some degree in these types of assets. Types of typical ___ include banks, insurance companies, retirement or pension funds, hedge funds, investment advisors and mutual funds. Their role in the economy is to act as highly specialized investors on behalf of others

14. (2 words) buying or selling corporate stock by a corporate officer or other insider on the basis of information that has not been made public and is supposed to remain confidential

15. (n) 1 informal measure of the amount of talk, mention, or reference an idea, firm, or product generates in public or media; 2 the level of awareness in the minds of consumers that a particular product commands

16. (adv) forward in time

17. (2 words) a car that is expensive to drive because it uses a lot of petrol

18. (n) the joining together of something, usually of two or more companies or organizations to form one larger one

19. (v) 1. to make or become worse or lower in quality, value, character, etc.; depreciate; 2. to diminish or impair in quality, character, or value

20. (n) the skills and abilities that allow you to be employed

21. (n) when something is deliberately made confusing or difficult to understand

22. (v) to become involved in something that people do not approve of

23. (2 words) the expenses that a firm must take into account when manufacturing a product or providing a service. Types of ______ include transaction costs, sunk costs, marginal costs and fixed costs. The ____ of the firm is the ratio of fixed costs to variable costs.

24. (2 words) the use of gimmicks in accounting

25. (n) someone who does something morally wrong or illegal

26. (v) 1. to return the attack of (an opponent); 2. to take action in order to oppose or stop something or reduce its negative effects; 3. to do something in order to prevent something bad from happening or to reduce its bad effects

27. (3 words) the maximum credit that a customer is allowed

28. (2 words) an excessively high a sum of money required to be paid as a penalty for an offense

29. (adj) not reacting or responding to an action, question, suggestion, etc.

30. (adj) 1. acting with or having the intent to deceive; 2. relating to or proceeding from fraud or dishonest action

31. (v) 1. to waste something; 2. to use up something valuable wastefully; 3. if you ___ something such as money, time, or an opportunity, you do not use it in a sensible way